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《Patient education and counseling》2017,100(6):1177-1184
ObjectiveThe Self-Management of Well-being (SMW) group intervention for older women was implemented in health and social care. Our aim was to assess whether effects of the SMW intervention were comparable with the original randomized controlled trial (RCT). Furthermore, we investigated threats to effectiveness, such as participant adherence, group reached, and program fidelity.MethodsIn the implementation study (IMP) 287 and RCT 142 women participated. We compared scores on self-management ability and well-being of the IMP and RCT. For adherence, drop-out rates and session attendance were compared. Regarding reach, we compared participants’ baseline characteristics. Professionals completed questions regarding program fidelity.ResultsNo significant differences were found on effect outcomes and adherence between IMP and RCT (all p ≥ 0.135). Intervention effect sizes were equal (0.47–0.59). IMP participants were significantly less lonely and more likely to be married, but had lower well-being. Most professionals followed the protocol, with only minimal deviations.ConclusionThe effectiveness of the SMW group intervention was reproduced after implementation, with similar participant adherence, minimal changes in the group reached, and high program fidelity.Practice implicationsThe SMW group intervention can be transferred to health and social care without loss of effectiveness. Implementation at a larger scale is warranted. 相似文献
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《Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics》2014,114(1):86-90
Vitamin D supplementation is an important strategy for preventing low levels of serum 25OHD and improving bone health and consequent associated health risks, especially in children at risk of deficiency. Although vitamin D supplements are recommended, there is limited research on the factors that influence adherence to taking them. In a cross-sectional sample of 256 child (aged 9 to 15 years) and parent pairs in the Boston, MA, area during January to March 2012, analysis of covariance was used to determine associations between health beliefs about vitamin D, parental vitamin D−containing supplement use, and the individual responsible for pill administration with supplement adherence measured by pill counts. Mean and median supplement pill count adherence over 3 months were 84% and 89%, respectively. Adherence was positively associated with parents’ use of vitamin D−containing supplements (7% higher, P=0.008) and with combined child and parent responsibility for administration of the supplement compared with child only (9% higher, P=0.03). Parents’ beliefs about vitamin D neither predicted their children’s beliefs nor positively influenced children’s adherence. Adherence was higher when parents took vitamin D−containing supplements and when parents and children shared responsibility for administering the supplement. Promoting child supplement use through parent involvement and role modeling may be a practical solution for registered dietitians who are aiming to improve vitamin D adherence in at-risk youth. 相似文献
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Thaís Batista de Carvalho Teresa Cristina Goulart Oliveira-Sequeira Semíramis Guimar?es 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(1):43-47
The quest for new antiparasitic alternatives has led researchers to base
their studies on insights into biology, host-parasite interactions and pathogenesis.
In this context, proteases and their inhibitors are focused, respectively, as
druggable targets and new therapy alternatives. Herein, we proposed to evaluate the
in vitro effect of the cysteine protease inhibitor E-64 on
Giardia trophozoites growth, adherence and viability.
Trophozoites (105) were exposed to E-64 at different final concentrations,
for 24, 48 and 72 h at 37 °C. In the growth and adherence assays, the number of
trophozoites was estimated microscopically in a haemocytometer, whereas cell
viability was evaluated by a dye-reduction assay using MTT. The E-64 inhibitor showed
effect on growth, adherence and viability of trophozoites, however, its better
performance was detected in the 100 µM-treated cultures. Although metronidazole was
more effective, the E-64 was shown to be able to inhibit growth, adherence and
viability rates by ≥ 50%. These results reveal that E-64 can interfere in some
crucial processes to the parasite survival and they open perspectives for future
investigations in order to confirm the real antigiardial potential of the protease
inhibitors. 相似文献
45.
《Enfermería clínica》2014,24(3):162-167
IntroductionAdherence to pharmacological or non-pharmacological treatment of diabetes type 2 is fundamental in order to delay the onset of complications.ObjectiveTo measure the effect of nursing educational support on compliance with treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes attending Regional Hospital Universitario of Colima, Mexico.MethodAn experimental, randomized study including outpatients with type 2 diabetes attending a Regional Hospital who agreed in writing to participate in the study. Nursing educational intervention sessions of three hours on two days a week for three months were provided. Adherence to treatment was assessed before and after intervention using the Scale for treatment adherence in type 2 diabetes (EATDM-III©).Statistical analysisWe performed two-proportion Z and p; Risk Ratio and confidence interval 95% and attributable fraction exposed.Resultse experimental group had 32 members, the same as the control. After the intervention it was found that 16 members (50%) in the experimental group showed treatment adherence, unlike the control group where no one showed adherence to treatment, obtaining an independent two-proportion Z = 4.62, P = .0000, Risk Ratio = 65; Confidence Interval 95% = 3.67 to 1152.38; exposed attributable fraction = 98.46%.ConclusionThe intervention was effective for the adherence of treatment. 相似文献
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Sherif M. Badawy Alexis A. Thompson Robert I. Liem 《Hematology/oncology and stem cell therapy》2018,11(3):142-148
Background
Hydroxyurea reduces complications and improves health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients, however adherence remains suboptimal. Understanding patients’ views of hydroxyurea is critical to optimize adherence, particularly in adolescents and young adults (AYA). Study objectives were to assess beliefs about hydroxyurea using the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ), and to examine the relationship of patients’ beliefs to their hydroxyurea adherence and HRQOL.Methods
Thirty-four AYA with SCD participated in a cross-sectional study January–December 2015. Study assessments included BMQ to examine beliefs about hydroxyurea; Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) to assess hydroxyurea adherence; and Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) to evaluate HRQOL.Results
Participants (41% female, 91% Black) had median age of 13.5 (IQR 12–18) years. Participants’ concerns about overuse of medications correlated with concerns about hydroxyurea (rs?=?0.36, p?=?0.04) and overall harm of medications (rs?=?0.5, p?=?0.003). Participants’ age positively correlated with the necessity of hydroxyurea (rs?=?0.45, p?=?0.007). Participants’ concerns about hydroxyurea and overuse of medications positively correlated with anxiety (rs?=?0.41, p?=?0.02; rs?=?0.44, p?=?0.01) and depression (rs?=?0.37, p?=?0.04; rs?=?0.54, p?=?0.001), but inversely correlated with peer relationships (rs?=??0.45, p?=?0.03; rs?=??0.44, p?=?0.03), respectively, suggesting better HRQOL with concerns. Fifty percent of participants reported low hydroxyurea adherence (VAS?<?80%), which was more seen in patients with higher concerns about hydroxyurea (p?=?0.02).Conclusions
Beliefs about hydroxyurea correlated with HRQOL scores and adherence levels. Addressing patients’ concern about hydroxyurea and medications overall as well as routine assessment of adherence and beliefs could help to overcome adherence barriers. 相似文献49.
《Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology》2022,20(6):1315-1325.e4
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50.
Although Helicobacter pylori have been identified in the liver, the role of Helicobacter sp. in human liver diseases remains unclear. This study explored whether H. pylori were internalized and could persist in hepatocytes. The majority of an inoculum of H. pylori (1 x 10(7) colony forming units) adhered to hepatocytes. Using the gentamicin invasion assay we found that approximately 2% were internalized and persisted following passage for more than 2 months. Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of intracellular Helicobacter. The number of adherent or internalized H. pylori was significantly greater with hepatocytes than with gastric epithelial cells (P < 0.05) and was also dependent on cag pathogenicity island (PAI), VacA, OipA, or BabA status. Transmission electron microscopy was used to confirm adherence and invasion of H. pylori into hepatocytes. Internalization of H. pylori was inhibited by antibodies to beta1-integrin receptors, genistein, and cytochalasin D (P < 0.05) consistent with beta1-integrin acting as a surface receptor with additional requirements for tyrosine kinase phosphorylation and actin polymerization. In summary, H. pylori both adhered to and invaded into hepatocytes in vitro, depending on the virulent factors, and persisted within hepatocytes during subcultures. beta1-integrin is likely a receptor involved in internalization of H. pylori into hepatocytes. 相似文献