新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病心钠素变化及临床意义

应用放射免疫法测定40例新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)患儿血浆心钠素(ANP),结果表明随着HIE程度越重ANP增高愈明显,轻、中、重三度与对照组比较P<0.01均有非常显著差异。动态观察急性期和稳定期ANP与对照组比较P<0.01仍有非常显著差异,至恢复期ANP才降至正常。说明脑代谢功能的恢复是缓慢的,表明ANP分泌有自我调节机制可作为HIE病情恢复指标之一。     

Activation of natriuretic peptide receptor-C attenuates the enhanced oxidative stress in vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats: implication of Gialpha protein

We have recently shown that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) exhibit enhanced expression of Giα proteins, which was attributed to the enhanced oxidative stress. Since C-ANP_4-23 that specifically interacts with natriuretic peptide C (NPR-C) receptor has been shown to decrease the expression of Giα protein in VSMC, the present study was undertaken to examine if C-ANP_4-23 can also decrease the enhanced expression of Giα protein in VSMC from SHR and whether it is attributed to its ability to attenuate the enhanced oxidative stress. Aortic VSMC from 12-week-old SHR and their age-matched Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were used for the present studies. VSMC from SHR exhibited enhanced expression of Giα-2 and Giα-3 proteins, different subunits of NADPH oxidase such as Nox⁴ and p^47phox proteins but not of p^22phox, enhanced production of superoxide anion as well as NADPH oxidase activity as compared to age-matched WKY rats. Treatment of VSMC from SHR with C-ANP_4-23 decreased towards control levels the enhanced expression of Giα proteins, enhanced superoxide anion production and enhanced NADPH oxidase activity as well as the enhanced expression of Nox⁴ and p^47phox. However, C-ANP_4-23-induced attenuation of the enhanced level of O₂⁻ and NADPH oxidase activity occurs at 4 h before the decrease in the enhanced expression of p^47phox that occurs at 16 h of C-ANP_4-23 treatment. The decreased expression of NADPH oxidase in SHR was also associated with further decrease in O₂⁻ and NADPH oxidase activity. Furthermore, treatment of VSMC from SHR with pertussis toxin (PT) decreased the enhanced levels of superoxide anion as well as NADPH oxidase activity; however, the enhanced levels of different subunits of NADPH oxidase were not attenuated by PT treatment. These results suggest that C-ANP_4-23 decreases the enhanced oxidative stress in SHR by attenuating the enhanced expression of Giα proteins and also the enhanced levels of NADPH oxidase.     

Structural and functional remodeling of the left atrium: clinical and therapeutic implications for atrial fibrillation

Left atrial (LA) structural and functional remodeling reflects a spectrum of pathophysiological changes that have occurred in response to specific stressors. These changes include alterations at the levels of ionic channels, cellular energy balance, neurohormonal expression, inflammatory response, and physiologic adaptations. There is convincing evidence demonstrating an important pathophysiological association between LA remodeling and atrial fibrillation (AF). Measures that will prevent, attenuate, or halt these processes of LA remodeling may have a major public health impact with respect to the epidemic of AF. In this review, we describe the mechanisms involved in LA remodeling and highlight the existing and potential therapeutic options for its reversal, and implications for AF development.     

胃癌中ANP表达与BMP信号通路相互作用对细胞侵袭、转移的影响

目的探讨心房钠尿肽(atrial natriuretic peptide,ANP)在胃癌组织和细胞中的表达及ANP对胃癌细胞侵袭转移的作用。方法采用免疫组化EnVision法检测60例胃癌组织及正常胃黏膜组织中ANP的表达;培养胃癌细胞MGC-803,并将其分为两组:加入ANP组(ANP阳性组)、未加入ANP组(ANP阴性组)。采用Transwell实验检测两组胃癌细胞MGC-803的侵袭性,利用CCK8法检测两组胃癌细胞MGC-803的增殖能力。采用Western blot法检测两组胃癌细胞MGC-803中BMP信号通路相关蛋白表达量的变化及Ki-67、MMP-2和MMP-9蛋白表达量的变化。结果免疫组化检测ANP定位于胃黏膜细胞的胞质中,且在胃癌组织中的阳性率明显低于正常胃组织,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CCK8法、Transwell实验结果显示,ANP阳性组胃癌细胞的增殖速度及侵袭性比ANP阴性组低,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。Western blot法检测ANP阳性组中BMP信号通路相关蛋白Smad1/5表达量比ANP阴性组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);BMP6/7和p-Smad1/5的表达升高,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。Western blot法检测ANP阳性组中Ki-67、MMP-2和MMP-9蛋白比ANP阴性组低,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论胃癌组织中ANP的表达低于正常胃组织,ANP可能通过激活BMP信号通路抑制胃癌细胞MGC-803的增殖、侵袭和转移,为胃癌的发病机制及靶向治疗提供新思路。     

La presión arterial ambulatoria nocturna se asocia al remodelado auricular y la activación neurohormonal en pacientes con fibrilación auricular idiopática

Introduction and objectives

Hypertension is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation. Activation of the renin-angiotensin-system seems to be involved in atrial enlargement, with release of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between ambulatory blood pressure and levels of natriuretic peptides, with left atrial size in normotensives with idiopathic atrial fibrillation.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study in patients with idiopathic atrial fibrillation. The following measurements were recorded during the course of the study: office and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure, atrial and brain natriuretic peptides, plasma renin, aldosterone, and angiotensin-converting enzyme.

Results

Forty-eight patients (mean age 55 [10] years; 70.6% male) were included in the study. Mean office sitting blood pressure values were 132.49 (14.9)/80.96 (9.2) mmHg. Mean 24-h ambulatory systolic and diastolic blood pressure values were 121.10 (8.3)/72.11 (6.8) mmHg (daytime, 126.8 [9.7]/77.58 [7.9] mmHg; nighttime, 114.56 [11.6]/68.6 [8.8] mmHg). A clear trend towards increased left atrial size with higher ambulatory blood pressure values was noted, which was statistically significant for nighttime values (r=0,34; P=.020 for systolic and r=0,51; P=.0001 for diastolic). A significant correlation between atrial natriuretic peptide and nighttime systolic (r=0,297; P=.047) and diastolic (r=0,312; P=.037) blood pressure was observed. Significant correlations were also observed between left atrial size and atrial natriuretic peptide levels (r=0,577; P<.0001) and brain natriuretic peptide levels (r=0,379; P=.012).

Conclusions

Nighttime blood pressure is associated with left atrial size and the release of natriuretic peptides in normotensive patients with idiopathic atrial fibrillation.Full English text available from:www.revespcardiol.org/en     

利钾尿肽与心钠素摩尔比在阵发心房纤颤时的作用

目的：探讨利钾尿肽（KP）及KP与心钠素（ANP）摩尔比在阵发心房纤颤时的意义。方法：用放射免疫分析法测定23例阵发房颤患者血浆中KP与ANP的水平，并以正常人对照， 结果：房颤患者血浆中KP与ANP的水平明显高于对照组（P＜0．01），而血浆中KP／ANP摩尔比显著低于正常对照组（P＜0．01）。结论：KP含量与ANP的比例关系的变化在阵发房颤的发病中起一定的作用。