苯酚类螯合剂对铀中毒的解毒和排铀效果

本文报道苯酚类螯合荆对急性硝酸铀酰中毒的解毒和排铀效果。解毒试验在1CR小鼠ip不同剂量硝酸铀(100mg～500/kg)后分别sc2mmol/kg螯合剂,Wistar大鼠im 1mmol/kg合剂,对照组注射生理盐水,观察动物存活数,存活时间和肾系数(肾重量/体重×100)。     

Altered effect of 3% dietary cholestyramine on plasma lipids and biliary bile acid output in the pregnant rat

The effects of a diet containing 3% (w/w) cholestyramine on plasma total, free, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides and on bile flow and composition were compared between pregnant rats fed the resin from before mating until the twentieth day of gestation and virgin rats fed the resin for an equivalent length of time. Pregnant and virgin rats consuming a similar diet but not receiving cholestyramine were also studied. In the nonpregnant rat the usual response to cholestyramine was observed as a significantly elevated plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and biliary bile acid secretion. Plasma cholesterol levels and bile composition were not altered by cholestyramine in the pregnant rat. The inability of resin therapy to change plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and bile composition during pregnancy is likely to be causally related to a reduced efficacy of cholestyramine treatment when administered during gestation.     

Dynamic evaluation of prognosis from time-dependent variables in acute myocardial infarction

For predicting the 3 endpoints death, cardiac arrest, and cardiogenic shock within 44 days after admission for acute myocardial infarction (MI), a competing risk variant of the Cox multivariate model was developed. The population consisted of 1,140 patients with definite MI admitted within 24 hours of onset of symptoms. Prognostic variables from the entire hospitalization period were assessed. The time-dependent variables (occurrence of complications) were evaluated with occurrence up through the day before the actual prediction period started. The important prognostic variables for the endpoint death were ventricular fibrillation, age, congestive heart failure, and asystole. Variables for the endpoint cardiac arrest were congestive heart failure, ventricular premature beats, supraventricular tachycardia, extension of MI, and age. Variables for the endpoint cardiogenic shock were cardiac arrest, age, congestive heart failure, previous MI, and nodal rhythm. By using a hazard function for each endpoint and the coefficients for the variables entered, it is possible to estimate a total risk of death, cardiac arrest, or cardiogenic shock for the individual patient. This prediction can be updated during the course of hospitalization according to the occurrence of the new complications. The model can be directly utilized to assess risk.     

Intra-parenchymal injection of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 1-β produces dopamine neuron loss in the rat

Summary. Inflammatory processes are thought to underlie the dopamine (DA) neuron loss seen in Parkinson811vju05yw5/xxlarge8217.gif" alt="rsquo" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">s disease (PD). However, it is not known if the inflammation precedes that loss, or is a consequence of it. We injected tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF811vju05yw5/xxlarge945.gif" alt="agr" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1811vju05yw5/xxlarge946.gif" alt="beta" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0">) into the median forebrain bundle to determine if these pro-inflammatory cytokines could induce DA neuron loss in the substantia nigra (SN) by themselves. The magnitude of the DA cell loss as well as the decreases in striatal DA, were both dose and time to sacrifice dependent. Injecting both cytokines together produced greater cell losses and DA reductions than that seen when the cytokines were injected alone. The DA neuron loss seen was more pronounced in the lateral nigra and its ventral tier and similar to that seen when other toxins are injected. These data suggest that TNF811vju05yw5/xxlarge945.gif" alt="agr" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0"> and IL-1811vju05yw5/xxlarge946.gif" alt="beta" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"> can induce DA neuron loss by themselves and could produce DA neuron loss independent of other inflammatory events.     

Minimally invasive decompression surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis with degenerative scoliosis: Predictive factors of radiographic and clinical outcomes

There is ongoing controversy regarding the most appropriate surgical treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) with concurrent degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS): decompression alone, decompression with limited spinal fusion, or long spinal fusion for deformity correction. The coexistence of degenerative stenosis and deformity is a common scenario; Nonetheless, selecting the appropriate surgical intervention requires thorough understanding of the patients clinical symptomatology as well as radiographic parameters. Minimally invasive (MIS) decompression surgery was performed for LSS patients with DLS. The aims of this study were (1) to investigate the clinical outcomes of MIS decompression surgery in LSS patients with DLS, and (2) to identify the predictive factors for both radiographic and clinical outcomes after MIS surgery. 438 consecutive patients were enrolled in this study. Inclusion criteria was evidence of LSS and DLS with coronal curvature measuring greater than 10°. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, JOA recovery rate, low back pain (LBP), and radiographic features were evaluated preoperatively and at over 2 years postoperatively. Of the 438 patients, 122 were included in final analysis, with a mean follow-up of 2.4 years. The JOA recovery rate was 47.6%. LBP was significantly improved at final follow-up. Cobb angle was maintained for 2 years postoperatively (p = 0.159). Clinical outcomes in foraminal stenosis patients were significantly related to sex, preoperative high Cobb angle and progression of scoliosis (p = 0.008). In the severe scoliosis patients, the JOA recovery was 44%, and was significantly depended on progression of scoliosis (Cobb angle: preoperation 29.6°, 2-years follow-up 36.9°) and mismatch between the pelvic incidence (PI) and the lumbar lordosis (LL) (preoperative PI–LL 35.5 ± 21.2°) (p = 0.028). This study investigated clinical outcomes of MIS decompression surgery in LSS patients with DLS. The predictive risk factors of clinical outcomes were severe scoliosis, foramina stenosis, progressive scoliosis and large mismatch of PI–LL.     

Reduction of Capacity Fading in High-Voltage NMC Batteries with the Addition of Reduced Graphene Oxide

Lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles (EV) require high energy capacity, reduced weight, extended lifetime and low cost. EV manufacturers are focused on Ni-rich layered oxides because of their promising attributes, which include the ability to operate at a relatively high voltage. However, these cathodes, usually made with nickel–manganese–cobalt (NMC811), typically experience accelerated capacity fading when operating at a high voltage. In this research, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is added to a NMC811 cathode material to improve the performance in cyclability studies. Batteries made with rGO/NMC811 cathodes showed a 17% improvement in capacity retention after 100 cycles of testing over a high-voltage operating window of 2.5–4.5 V.     

Paradoxical pulmonary vasoconstriction induced by nitroglycerin in idiopathic pulmonary hypertension

Administration of intravenous nitroglycerin in a patient with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension resulted in an increase in pulmonary artery pressure associated with a decrease in blood flow that is best explained by an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance. This observation highlights the need for hemodynamic monitoring when potent vasodilators are used in this disorder.     

Intrauterine asphyxia and respiratory movements in the fetal goat

The respiratory response to intrauterine asphyxia was tested by compressing the umbilical cord of the fetal goat. The fetus was prepared with intravascular catheters, electrodes, and a cord compression device at hysterotomy carried out at 98 to 113 days' gestation. After recovery from the procedure, the fetus was studied up to 144 days' gestation. Fetal respiratory movements were observed as transient negative deflections in continuous records of central venous pressure. During severe cord compression over a period of 10 to 15 minutes, the mean time to “last gasp” was 6.3 minutes. Respiratory movements reappeared within 1 to 8 minutes after release of the umbilical cord and continued for about 26 minutes. Mild cord compression led to a more prolonged respiratory response which disappeared when fetal arterial oxygen levels returned toward normal values. Episodes of spontaneous respiratory movement observed in one fetal goat were associated with mild acidosis.