AS2O3诱导人膀胱癌EJ细胞株凋亡作用的体外研究

目的观察三氧化二砷（Arsenic trioxide,AS2O3）对人膀胱癌EJ细胞生长抑制作用,并探讨其作用机理。方法四甲基偶氮唑蓝（3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromid,MTT）法检测EJ细胞增殖活性;流式细胞术分析细胞凋亡,并对半胱天冬酶（Caspase）—3活性进行检测。结果AS2O3可有效地抑制EJ细胞生长,且呈时间、浓度依赖性特点;经药物作用后,膀胱癌细胞凋亡明显增加,凋亡率随作用时间的延长而增多。结论ASO可显著抑制膀胱癌细胞生长,诱导细胞凋亡是其作用机制之一。     

膀胱癌97例术后吉西他滨膀胱灌注的护理

目的 :探讨膀胱癌患者术后采用吉西他滨膀胱灌注的护理方法。方法 :选择膀胱癌患者97例,给予吉西他滨1000mg中加入50m L灭菌注射用水稀释后,经留置的导尿管灌入膀胱,药液在膀胱内保留60min后排出。疗程开始以1周灌注1次共8次,以后15天1次共8次,再接着1个月1次至1年。结果:膀胱灌注后3、6、12个月膀胱癌复发例数分别为3例(3.1%)、5例(5.2%)、10例(10.3%),轻微的尿频尿痛症状6例,未出现尿道狭窄病例。结论:膀胱癌术后吉西他滨膀胱灌注化疗过程中准确有效的护理措施非常重要,有助于提高患者疗效。     

Pilot study of intravesical instillation of two new generation anthracycline antibiotics in prevention of superficial bladder cancer recurrence

Background Superficial bladder cancer accounts for 60%-70% of all bladder cancer cases in China, when treatment consists of only transurethral resection of the bladder tumor （TUR-BT）, recurrence and progresses in the bladder are observed in some patients. There are numerous reports of trials of intravesical instillation of anticancer agents with the objective of lowering this recurrence rate. The aim of this study was to compare the prophylactic efficacy and safety of epirubicin （EPI）, pirarubicin （THP） and hydroxycamptothecin （HCPT） in superficial bladder cancer.Methods This study enrolled a total of 189 patients who had been diagnosed with superficial bladder cancer during the period from 2004 through 2007 at Beijing Friendship Hospital. All patients were randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups. Patients in group A received 29 doses of EPI 30 mg/30 ml, patients in group B received 29 doses of THP 30 mg/30 ml, and patients in group C received 29 doses of HCPT 30 mg/30 ml, over a period of 24 months.Results The recurrence-free rate in the 2 anthracycline treatment groups （A and B） were significantly better than that of the HCPT treatment group. In the safety evaluation, the incidences of pollakiuria, pain on urination, dysuria, hematuria,and contracted bladder were not significantly different between groups A and B, but some were significantly higher in groups A and B than that in group C.Conclusion The efficacy of EPI and THP was significantly better than HCPT in the prevention of bladder cancer recurrence.     

膀胱癌与前列腺增生同期电汽化切除27例分析

1997年～2000年，我院应用美国Cincoami铲状电汽化电极行经尿道前列腺电汽化切除，至今共413例，其中同期电汽化切除治疗膀胱癌与前列腺增生27例，效果满意。现报告如下：……     

长链非编码RNA在膀胱癌诊治中的前景

膀胱癌是最常见的泌尿系恶性肿瘤之一,复发率高,预后差,严重危险人类健康.在膀胱癌的机制研究上,长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)在膀胱癌的发生、发展中起重要作用,有望成为早期诊断标志物和治疗新靶标.     

膀胱癌分子分型的研究进展

膀胱癌根据肿瘤浸润深度分为非肌层浸润性膀胱癌和肌层浸润性膀胱癌,为高度异质性疾病,其组织学类型、预后和对治疗的反应差别较大.传统的组织病理学分型已不能满足患者的临床诊治需求,急需寻找能够标志肿瘤生物学行为并对临床治疗提供指导作用的分子分型.随着对大规模基因表达谱的研究,以分子表达差异为依据进行的膀胱癌分子分型研究已为解...     

透过安迪·威廉斯的逝世看膀胱癌

有美国＂国宝＂之称的歌手安迪·威廉斯于当地时间9月25日晚因膀胱癌逝世,安迪·威廉斯的辞世给他的歌迷和＂粉丝＂们带来了惋惜,也引起人们对膀胱癌的关注,对于膀胱癌我们需要知道多少？     

Efficacy of radical cystectomy plus adjuvant intraarterial chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin on locally advanced bladder cancer

Background Bladder cancer is the ninth most common cancer in the world; fewer than 15％ of transitional-cell carcinoma patients survive 2 years if left untreated.Although radical cystectomy is the standard treatment of choice,much of them relapse and the necessity of adjuvant chemotherapy is still under debate.The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant intraarterial chemotherapy （IAC） with gemcitabine and cisplatin （GC） on locally advanced bladder cancer.Methods This is a retrospective study on 60 patients with locally advanced bladder carcinoma who underwent radical cystectomy between May 2000 and June 2011.Patients were studied in two groups based on IAC and followed up for up to 5 years.Results Among 60 patients,there were 25 patients who underwent IAC （GC） after radical cystectomy （the IAC group） and 35 patients who underwent radical cystectomy alone （the control group）.Although not significant,the relapse rates were slightly reduced in the IAC group than in the control group.Patients with IAC had a reduction in mortality compared with patients without IAC over 5 years.Specifically,IAC significantly reduced about 82％ of mortality within the first year （hazard ratio=0.18,95％ Cl 0.03-0.97,P=-0.04）.Additionally,IAC was well tolerated and safe.The most common adverse effect was transient myelosuppression （10/25,40％）,which was resolved by various medical treatments.Conclusions Compared with radical cystectomy alone,radical cystectomy in combination with adjuvant IAC moderately but significantly reduces 1-year mortality.Our preliminary data showed only marginal benefit for the early survival.However,a randomized clinical study is needed to determine the long-term survival benefit.     

肿瘤坏死因子相关诱导凋亡配体联合化疗药物治疗膀胱癌的研究

目的　探讨肿瘤坏死因子相关诱导凋亡配体 (TRAIL)治疗膀胱肿瘤的作用 ,以及与化疗药物的协同作用。方法　将T2 4及 5 63 7膀胱肿瘤细胞接种至 96孔培养板后分别加入浓度为1、10、10 0 μg/L的TRAIL ,0 .1、1.0、10 .0mg/L的阿霉素 (ADM )和丝裂霉素 (MMC) ,不同浓度的TRAIL、ADM、TRAIL和MMC ,噻唑蓝比色 (MTT)法分别检测肿瘤细胞的生存率。将膀胱肿瘤细胞接种至 12孔板 ,培育 2 4h后加入不同浓度的TRAIL、ADM、MMC、TRAIL联合ADM、MMC。用流式细胞术检测不同处理组肿瘤细胞的凋亡率和死亡率。结果　 10 0 μg/LTRAIL引起T2 4、5 63 7细胞的凋亡率分别为 2 0 .1%、45 .3 % ,与无药物组 1.1%、3 .5 %的凋亡率比较差异有非常显著性(P <0 .0 1)。单独运用 10mg/LMMC、ADM对T2 4、5 63 7的抑制率分别为 3 6.0 %、44 .1%、2 6.7%、3 0 .2 % ;而 10 0 μg/LTRAIL和 10mg/LMMC、ADM联合后对T2 4、5 63 7的抑制率分别达到 5 8.4%、73 .7%、90 .7%、88.2 % ,两者有明显的协同作用 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　在体外实验中 ,TRAIL可通过诱导肿瘤细胞的凋亡而产生抗膀胱肿瘤的作用 ;TRAIL与化疗药物ADM、MMC有协同抗肿瘤作用     

血清可溶性Fas评判浅表性膀胱癌复发的意义

目的:探讨血清可溶性Fas(s Fas)与浅表性膀胱癌复发之间的关系。方法:将我院2006年1月至2009年12月69例术后病理确诊为浅表性膀胱癌患者作为实验组,随机选取40名健康者作为对照组,两组均空腹抽取静脉血,用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)进行血清s Fas水平检测并对结果进行比较;根据3年内复发情况,将实验组膀胱癌患者分为复发组与无复发组,比较两组血清s Fas水平。结果:实验组复发18例,进展为肌肉浸润性膀胱癌(MIBC)13例。实验组血清s Fas水平为(0.15±0.13)ng·ml-1,对照组为(0.07±0.01)ng·ml-1,两组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。复发组血清s Fas水平为(0.16±0.08)ng·ml-1,无复发组为(0.09±0.04)ng·ml-1,两组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);进展为MIBC者血清s Fas水平为(0.15±0.07)ng·ml-1,未进展为MIBC者为(0.14±0.03)ng·ml-1,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。采用多元线性回归模型校正各因素后得出,膀胱灌注及血清s Fas值是预测膀胱癌复发的独立因素;而膀胱癌肿瘤直径、G3分级及膀胱灌注是预测膀胱癌进展为MIBC的独立因素。结论:血清s Fas可以作为预测浅表性膀胱癌复发的标志物,浅表性膀胱癌患者术前血清s Fas水平可反映膀胱癌患者复发情况。