微创人工全髋关节置换术临床疗效的Meta分析

目的对国内外有关微创人工全髋关节置换手术的英语类研究文献进行分析，评价微创人工全髋关节置换术的治疗效能。方法计算机检索Pub MED和Ovid等数据库，检索从2001—2007年有关微创人工全髋关节置换术的文献资料。比较人工关节置换手术的疼痛、脱位、感染、皮肤坏死、关节功能等并发症和近期疗效。对数据进行异质性检验，并与传统的人工全髋关节置换手术进行比较，用Meta分析方法对数据进行处理，估计其综合总体的比值比（OR）值和95％置信区间（CI）。结果共纳入27篇相关的文献，以微创与传统的人工关节置换手术相比较的文献共18篇。研究结果提示Q值=13．93，P=0．53，不存在异质性，OR值为0．84，95％CI（0．58，1．20），P=0．34。微创全髋置换术后总体并发症与传统髋关节置换术相当。微创髋关节置换术的血肿、皮肤坏死、假体周围骨折和假体松动的发生率高于传统的髋关节置换术；而以疼痛、脱位、感染、深静脉血栓低于后者，微创髋关节置换术的功能更佳。结论微创髋关节置换术较传统的髋关节置换术的出血和输血少，住院时间和卧床时间更短，而术后髋关节的功能恢复得更好，疼痛更少。但是应当重视较传统髋关节置换术新增的并发症，比如假体周围骨折、血肿等。     

2型糖尿病肾病PF1+2、D-二聚体检测及意义

2型糖尿病肾病(DN)在患病初始阶段往往容易被忽视,到发现时肾脏的病变已经达到不可逆转的程度,失去了有效防治的最佳时机.探讨2型DN的早期诊断和治疗的方法意义重大.我们以无肾功能损害的2型糖尿病20例为对照,检测血中血浆凝血酶原片断1 2 (PF1 2)、D-二聚体,以观察2型DN的凝血及纤溶异常情况.     

胸大肌肌皮瓣脂肪液化的相关危险因素探讨

目的探讨胸大肌肌皮瓣术后发生脂肪液化的相关危险因素。方法对1998年5月至2005年12月采用胸大肌肌皮瓣修复口腔癌术后组织缺损的82例中10例术后发生不同程度脂肪液化的病例,进行Logistic回归分析。结果Logistic单因素回归分析结果表明：肥胖、电刀切开皮下组织、皮岛设计低于第7肋、吸烟等因素与胸大肌肌皮瓣术后发生脂肪液化有关;Logistic多因素回归分析结果表明：胸大肌肌皮瓣术后发生脂肪液化与肥胖、电刀切开皮下组织、皮岛设计低于第7肋等因素有关,而与吸烟无关。结论肥胖、电刀切开皮下组织、皮岛设计低于第7肋等因素是胸大肌肌皮瓣术后发生脂肪液化的危险因素。     

^1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy screening for animals with acute cerebral infraction suitable forthrombolytic therapy

BACKGROUND: As a non-invasive technique which can provide comprehensive biological information, 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) may provide valuable reference data for irreversible recovery or reversible changes in ischemic tissue after stroke. OBJECTIVE: To monitor and evaluate the effect of the urokinase thrombolytic therapy after experimental acute cerebral ischemia by 1H-MRS technology and investigate its adaptability. DESIGN: Randomly controlled animal study. SETTINGS: Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University and National Key Laboratory of Pattern and Atom & Molecular Physics, Wuhan Physics and Mathematics Institute, Chinese Academy of Science. MATERIALS: Eleven healthy adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, weighing 260–300 g and of both genders, were supplied by Experimental Animal Center of Tongji Medical Collage, Huazhong University of Science and Technology [SCXK (e) 2004-007]. 4.7T superconducting nuclear magnetic resonance meter was provided by Brucker Company. METHODS: The experiment was carried out in Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University and National Key Laboratory of Pattern and Atom & Molecular Physics, Wuhan Physics and Mathematics Institute, Chinese Academy of Science from August 2003 to December 2005. ① The rats were randomly divided into 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group (n =6) and 60-minute self-thrombo-embolism group (n =5). Six rats in 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group were occluded with clot embolus for 30 minutes and 5 rats in 60-minute self-thrombo-embolism group were occluded for 60 minutes. 10 000 U/kg urokinase was dissolved in 2 mL saline and the operation lasted for 5 minutes. ② 1H-MRS was performed before thrombolysis and at 3 hours and 24 hours after successful embolization. The metabolic changes of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid (NAA)/phosphocreatine (PCr) + creatine (Cr), choline phosphate (Cho)/PCr+Cr and lactic acid (Lac)/PCr+Cr in the region of interests were analyzed. ③ The T2W image was conducted 24 hours after the thrombolytic therapy with TR=500 ms and TE=25 ms. ④ The subjects were sacrificed immediately after 1H-MRS and the brain tissues were cut into pieces and stained with HE method; in addition, pathological changes were observed under optic microscope. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Metabolic changes of NAA/PCr+Cr, Cho/PCr+Cr and Lac/PCr+Cr in the region of interests; ② T2W image at 24 hours after the thrombolysis; ③ pathological observation of brain tissue. RESULTS: Eleven rats were all involved in the final analysis. ① Metabolic changes in the region of interests : In 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group, the Lac peak emerged immediately after the embolism, but the ischemic zone decreased 3 hours after the thrombolytic therapy (0.252±0.01, 0.603±0.01, P < 0.01). Lac/(PCr+Cr) ratio was 0.290±0.01 at 24 hours after thrombolysis, which was higher than that at 3 hours after thrombolysis (P < 0.01). The NAA/ (PCr+Cr) ratio decreased significantly at 3 hours after the thrombolysis as compared with that before thrombolysis (0.922±0.16, 1.196±0.01, P < 0.05). In 60-minute self-thrombo-embolism group, the Lac/(PCr+Cr) ratio was higher at 3 hours after thrombolysis than that before thrombolysis (0.846±0.12, 0.601±0.11, P < 0.05) and the NAA/(PCr+Cr) decreased at 3 hours after the embolism. Fluctuation of NAA/ (PCr+Cr) ranged from 0.68 to 0.75 before thrombolysis and from 0.71 to 0.75 at 3 hours after thrombolysis. ② T2W image: T2W image showed that 2 subjects in 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group whose Lac/NAA was higher than 0.7 suffered from intracranial hemorrhage. This meant that the subjects with Lac/NAA > 0.7 were more likely to suffer from intracranial hemorrhage. ③ Histological and morphological examinations: Optic microscope demonstrated that interspace surrounding nerve cells was widened at ischemic center; neurons were swelling; nucleus was stained lightly; pyknosis and mesenchymal edema were mainly observed in lateral cortex of brow and vertex and in lateral part of corpus striatum. CONCLUSION: ①Compound parameters in ischemic area before thrombolysis should be regarded as an important predicting marker for thrombolytic therapy, effect evaluation and termination. ② 1H-MRS combining with other imaging technique is a detecting way for screening cases who are suitable for thrombolytic therapy.     

38例癫持续状态的病因分析

癫(癎)持续状态(SE)是神经内科急症之一,如不及时诊治病死率及致残率很高.为了进一步了解癫(癎)持续状态病因以准确地进行治疗,现将我院2004～2006年间收治的38例SE患者的病因分析如下.……     

磁共振脑表面成像在矢状窦旁脑膜瘤术中应用

目的 探讨磁共振脑表面成像技术在矢状窦旁腩膜瘤手术中的应用价值.方法 分析本院经头颅CT及MRI诊断为矢状窦旁脑膜瘤,利用显微手术技术切除并经病理证实的的22例患者;术前均运用磁共振脑表面成像技术评估与肿瘤关系密切的脑表面回流静脉情况.术中根据成像结果有目的 地保护重要的回流静脉,对比患者手术前后神经功能恢复状况,并进行随访来评价手术效果.结果 22例患者的术前磁共振脑表面成像中脑表面回流静脉与术中所见高度一致.术后患者恢复良好,未出现与静脉损伤相关的并发症.结论 磁共振脑表面成像技术能在术前明确矢状窦旁脑膜瘤与脑表面回流静脉之间关系,可在术前对患者肿瘤表面脑回流静脉做出正确的评估,对脑表面重要回流静脉的保护提供了准确的影像学依据,对患者神经功能的保护及术后恢复起到重要作用.     

脑外伤后脑梗死临床分析

脑部外伤后脑梗死临床较为少见，系指脑外伤患者复查CT时，出现脑梗死灶。它一旦发生将加重原发颅脑损伤，致使病情迁延或恶化，影响病人的康复及预后，应引起临床重视。我科收治有34例脑外伤后脑梗死患者，报道如下。     

城市儿童血铅含量检测分析

为了解本市区儿童铅污染情况，我们对2003～2004年来我院门诊就诊的210例儿童进行了血铅含量检测。现将结果报道如下：