同种带瓣肺动脉重建右室流出道

同种带瓣肺动脉重建右室流出道袁师敏综述郭加强审校（中国医学科学院阜外心血管病研究所，北京１０００３７）ＲｉｇｈｔＶｅｎｔｒｉｃｕｌａｒＯｕｔｆｌｏｗＴｒａｃｔＲｅｃｏｎｓｔｒｃｔｉｏｎＵｓｉｎｇＨｏｍｏｇｒａｆｔｏｆＰｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙＡｒｔｅｒｙｗｉ...     

预防性联合断流术治疗肝炎后门静脉高压症32例

2000年2月～2005年12月，我们对乙型肝炎后肝硬化门静脉高压症32例行预防性门奇联合断流（Sugiura）术，疗效满意。现报告如下。     

前列腺素E1对血管内皮生长因子含量的影响及其与肺小动脉病理分级的关系

目的 研究应用前列腺素E1(PGE1)对先天性心脏病合并肺动脉高压(PH)患者血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)含量的影响及其与肺小动脉病理分级的关系. 方法 2002年1月至2003年6月共收治先心病合并PH患者53例(MPAP＞20 mmHg),其中有明显紫绀6例(MPAP＞90 mmHg).入院后静脉滴注PGE1 10～15ng/kg*min,每天用药12小时,连续15天.分别于用药0、5、10和15天晨抽取静脉血,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定血清VEGF含量.做肺组织活检,按Heath和Edwards分类进行病理分级,观察肺小动脉的病理改变. 结果病理分级:Ⅰ级9例,Ⅱ级14例,Ⅲ级19例,Ⅳ级5例,≥Ⅴ级 (紫绀者)6例.应用PGE1前,肺小动脉病理分级Ⅲ级时血清VEGF达到峰值,Ⅳ级、特别是≥Ⅴ级后有明显下降的趋势;应用PGE1后,Ⅰ级血清VEGF与用药前比较差别无显著性意义(P>0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅲ级者血清VEGF明显降低(P<0.01),Ⅳ级者有轻度的降低(P<0.05),而≥Ⅴ级患者无明显变化(P>0.05). 结论 PGE1可降低血清VEGF含量, 其降低幅度与肺小动脉病理改变程度有较密切的关系,可作为术前判断肺小动脉病理分级的一个参考指标.     

不同门奇断流术式对门静脉高压症犬食管下段血管再生的影响

Objective To explore the effect on blood vessel regeneration of distal esophagus in ca-nines of portal hypertension with liver cirrhosis after different procedures with paraesophagastrie devascular-ization. Methods Portal hypertension models were produced in canines by subcutaneous injection of 60% CC14 combined with food restriction. Forty eight model canines were randomly divided into 4 groups: group A, traditional paraesophagastrie devascularization;group B, selective paraesophagastric devascularization;group C, paraesophagastric devascularization plus distal esophageal transaction and reanastomosis with sta-pler;group D,control group. Every group had 12 canines which were randomly divided into A1 ,B1 ,C1 ,D1, A2,B2,C2 and D2 groups after the operation. Canines in groups A1 ,B1 ,C1 and D1 were executed at first month after the operation,and those in groups A2, B2, C2 and D2 were executed at the 6th month after the operation. The distal esophagus was segmented when the canines were executed. The upside and downside of the stoma in group C were distinguished and signed as Ca and Cb. Immunohistochemieal methods were used to detect VEGF,CD34 and FVⅧ-Rag,blood vessel-related factors,in lower esophagus. Results The expres-sion levels of VEGF and CD34 MVD,FⅧ-Rag MVD in groups A1 ,B1 and C1 were lower than those in group D1 one month after the operation (P <0.05). All the indices in group B1 were lower than those in groups A1 and Clb,but higher than those in group Cla (P <0.05). The indices in group Cla were lower than those in group C1b (P < 0.05 ). The indices in groups A2 and B2 were higher than those in groups A1 and B1, re-spectively at the 6th month after the operation (P <0.05). They were higer in outer membrane in group C1a than in group C2a (P <0.05). The indices in group C2b were higher than those in group Clb (P<0.05). Conclusion At the first month after operation, the expression of blood vessel-related factors was declined in three different procedures of paraesophagastric devascularization,which indicated that all three different pro-cedures could diminish the vessels in distal esophagus. The effect in group C was most obvious among all groups. At the 6th month after traditional paraesophagastrie devascularization and selective paraesophagastrie devascularization, the expression of blood vessel-related factors in distal esophagus was declined. But there were no significant changes in the expression of blood vessel-related factors in distal esophagus after parae-sophagastric devascularization plus distal esophageal transaction and reanastomosis with stapler. It indicated that the blood vessel regeneration in paraesophagastric devascularization pins distal esophageal transaction and reanastomosis with stapler was inferior to that in other procedures.     

门静脉高压症发病机制-侧支循环代偿障碍学说的探讨

门静脉高压症(PHT)目前仍被认为是腹部外科最复杂和难治的疾病之一。并发食管胃底静脉曲张，则可发生致命性的上消化道大出血或因肝硬化终末期导致肝衰竭而死亡，或因脾大脾亢对机体产生损害。二十世纪80年代保脾术的兴起．肝移植的出现，使得当今在PHT外科治疗的认识上观点难以统一，因而出现了手术方法之多、争议之大、疗效不够理想等临床上难以解决的外科难题。     

门脉高压症的异位静脉曲张

多数门脉高压症并发食道胃结合部静脉曲张 ,而某些病人在腹部不常见部位或食道胃结合部以外包括腹壁及腹膜后发生静脉曲张 ,称之为异位或迷走静脉曲张 ,实际上均属门脉高压症的门体循环间开放的侧支。发生率 30 %。这些异位静脉曲张主要位于消化道 ,包括十二指肠、空肠、回肠、结肠、直肠 ,而少见于腹膜、胆道、阴道及膀胱 ,对于静脉曲张为何恒定地发生在一些部位而不在其他部位 ,原因尚不清楚。对于食管作为最常见的曲张部位的原因 ,有认为是此处离体循环的距离较近 ,即沿左胃静脉进入奇静脉之故。异位曲张是胃肠道出血的少见原因 ,由于其…