多层螺旋CT在测量和评价活体骨性泪道中的应用

泪溢是眼科的常见病，主要由于泪道阻塞引起。临床上的泪道阻塞主要发生在鼻泪道。鼻泪道阻塞分为原发性和继发性。继发性鼻泪道阻塞主要是由于外伤，手术和肿瘤压迫引起。而原发性鼻泪道阻塞（primary nasolacrimal duct obstruction，PNDO）发生的原因目前尚不明确。有研究表明，骨性泪道的狭窄可能是PNDO的病因之一。。我们利用三维螺旋CT测量骨性泪道，希望了解骨性泪道形态，并且判断PNDO的发生和骨性泪道解剖结构之间是否存在内在联系。     

继发性外部性脑积水的CT诊断及随访观察

目的探讨继发性外部性脑积水的CT特征及随访观察的价值.方法回顾性分析了36例有明确病因的继发性外部性脑积水的CT特征及随访结果.结果双侧额或额顶部蛛网膜下腔对称性增宽者36例(100%),双侧裂池增宽者36例(100%),额顶部脑沟增宽加深者31例(86.11%),前纵裂池增宽者36例(100%),脑基底池扩大者21例(58.33%),脑室轻度扩大者7例(19.44%).复查10例患儿其中8例外部性脑积水及临床症状消失,智力良好.其余2例均伴外伤史,其中一例复查出现脑萎缩征象,另一例出现脑积水征象.结论C检查及随访观察对于继发性外部性脑积水的诊断、鉴别诊断及指导临床治疗具有重要的价值.     

^18F—FDG标准摄取值在判断肿瘤预后中的作用

^18F-FDG-PET在肿瘤临床中的应用越来越广泛，其标准摄取值(SUV)与肿瘤预后有一定相关性。有望作为判断肿瘤预后的一项独立因素。现介绍SUV相关因素及其在肿瘤治疗前后的变化，综述其在判断肿瘤预后中的指导作用。     

螺旋CT双期增强扫描对小肝癌的诊断价值

目的评价螺旋CT双期增强扫描对小肝癌的诊断价值，比较双期扫描的病灶检出率和定性准确性。方法11例小肝癌患者行螺旋CT双期扫描后，统计各期扫描病灶检出数和敏感性。结果11例患者共发现15个病灶，动脉期检出15个病灶，检出率为86．7％，门脉期检出10个病灶，检出率为66．7％，取期联合后能提高定性正确率。结论螺旋CT双期扫描能明显改善对小肝癌的检出率并能充分反映小肝癌的血供特点，双期结合明显提高检出率和定性正确率。     

夏季六节气饮食进补的基本原则

夏季六节气,一方面机体营养素消耗增加;另一方面,天热大量出汗,又导致了许多营养素从汗液流失。不仅如此,夏季六节气人们的食欲减低和消化吸收不良又限制了营养素的正常摄取,所有     

多层螺旋CT在鉴别孤立性肺结节中恶性肿瘤的评价

严格意义上讲,孤立性肺结节（solitary pulmo-nary nodule,SPN）是指全肺内唯一的2～30 mm边界清楚的类圆形病灶.但在实际工作和本文叙述中,将呈毛刺状轮廓的孤立病灶也包括在内.在所有SPN中,恶性肿瘤约占40%,良性病变约占60%.但这种比例会受普查人群中肉芽肿性疾病的地方特性和受检人群以及检查方法的影响.就年龄而言,＜35岁患者SPN的恶性肿瘤可能性只占1%～3%,40岁患者良、恶性的概率几乎各占50%.     

胃充气状态下多层螺旋CT低剂量扫描技术

自上世纪70年代CT机面世后,经过不断的发展,螺旋CT为代表的容积扫描技术的出现使CT开始被广泛应用于胃部疾病的检查,其价值已日益受到临床和影像学方面的重视。螺旋CT容积扫描和数据采集能进行胃的三维成像,拓宽了CT在胃部检查方面的应用,尤其是仿真内镜技术的出现,使CT不仅能观察胃壁及邻近脏器的病变,而且可以观察胃粘膜的改变,让胃部CT检查得到进一步完善。本科利用多层螺旋CT低剂量扫描技术对胃进行充气状态下扫描取得了很好的效果。采用Siemens Somatom Sensation4螺旋CT机。扫描前准备:嘱患者检查前一天避免服用一些高密度或…     

正常老年人EC301数字加工和计算量表检测研究

目的 研究正常老年人的年龄、不同教育程度、性别等因素对EC301-CR量表结果的影响.方法 对86例55～86岁老年人进行EC301-CR检测,获取计算能力数据材料,统计分析量表各亚项评分均数、标准差,分析年龄、性别、教育程度对评分的影响.结果 老年人教育程度影响其EC301-CR多数亚项检测评分,而年龄、性别的影响没有显著意义.结论 教育程度影响老年人计算能力,EC301-CR评分结果受教育程度的影响.     

老年急性阑尾炎术后继发脑腔隙性脑梗塞围手术期处理

随着社会老龄化,老年急性阑尾炎的发病率逐年进行性增高,约占急性阑尾炎总数的10%。由于老年人的机体功能降低,常伴有高血压、冠心病等老年内科疾病,这给阑尾炎的围手术期的治疗带来许多不便与困难,且术后的并发症多。我院自2006年3月～     

PET/CT在评价及观察大鼠肺癌放疗效果中的应用

Objective The aim of this study was to understand the role of PET/CT in monitoring the therapeutic effect of radiotherapy (RT) on lung cancer with Wistar rats. Methods Thirty Wistar in-bred strain rats (6-8 weeks, weighed 180-280 g, female, ordinary) were made into Lewis pulmonary tumor model rats. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT was performed when tumor reached 1.5-2.0 cm in greatest diameter (4-6 weeks) as a baseline. In order to get the optimal time point of PET/CT for moni-toring RT effect in rat cancer model, PET/CT was performed at the 3rd day, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th week after giving single dose of 5 Gy to each rat. Standardized uptake values (SUV) from FDG PET were measured and rats were sacrificed at different time point for validation. Besides, the expressions of glucose transport1 (Glut1) in tumor tissue were studied using immunohistochemistry. The level of tumor cell apoptosis, degra-dation, and necrosis were observed. SPSS 11.0 software was used for data analyses. Results A negative correlation of SUV uptake and time after RT and negative correlation of Glut1 expression and time after RT were observed in rat tumors, respectively. Positive correlation of SUV uptake and Glut1 expression in rat tumors was observed (Spearman rank correlation test, rs = 0.97, P < 0.01). Before RT, the SUV in rat tumor was 1.28 ± 0.31 and was decrease to 1. 00 ± 0.23 at the 3rd day and 0.18 ± 0. 10 at the 4th week after RT (F=15. 126, P<0.05). Before RT, the Glut1 in rat tumor was 0.2558 ±0.03 and was decrease to 0. 2320 ± 0. 01 at the 3rd day and 0. 1320±0.04 at the 4th week after RT. The amounts of tumor cell apopto-sis, degradation, and necrosis increased with time after RT. Conclusion Though FDG PET could monitor the therapeutic effect at the 3rd day after giving single dose of RT to rat lung tumor model, the optimal time was the the 4th week after treatment.