健脾益胃消溃汤治疗胃、十二指肠溃疡疗效观察

笔者用自拟健脾益胃消溃汤治疗胄、十二指肠溃疡３４例，痊愈１８例，显效５例，有效７例，无效４例，总有效率为８８．４９％。与对照组（用雷尼替丁治疗３０例）比较，差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。     

巨大倒置T波及QT间期延长综合征1例

患者女性,68岁。反复头晕4年,近期突然晕厥入院。既往有冠心病史。体检:T37℃,P48次/min,BP120/60mmHg,心电图示(图1):心房率75次/min,心室率46次/min,QRS时限128ms,巨大倒置T波,T波不对称,QT间期延长至680ms。Ⅱ导联P4为房性早搏,心电图诊断:①三度房室传导阻滞;②交接性逸搏性心律;③巨大倒置T波;④继发性QT间期延长;⑤完全性室内阻滞。查心肌酶示:CK160u/L、CK-MB24u/L、GOT35u/L、LDH200u/L。临床图1诊断:①冠心病;②阿斯综合征。讨论阿斯综合征又为急性心源性脑缺血综合征·是各种原因引起心率过于缓慢,致大脑严重供血不…     

远端胆管癌根治性胰十二指肠切除术的预后影响因素分析

目的 探讨影响远端胆管癌(dCCA)患者根治性胰十二指肠切除术(PD)预后的临床病理因素。方法 回顾性分析2005年1月-2015年1月北京大学第一医院收治的行根治性PD术的231例dCCA患者的临床病理资料,采用单因素及多因素Cox回归法分析影响患者预后的危险因素,应用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析。结果 231例行根治性PD术治疗的dCCA患者1年、3年、5年总体生存率分别为86.6%、55.0%、34.6%。单因素Cox回归分析显示,原发肿瘤浸润深度(T分期)(P=0.000)、淋巴结转移(N分期)(P=0.001)、AJCC分期(P=0.000)、清扫淋巴结总数(P=0.038)、阳性淋巴结比率(P=0.001)、脉管癌栓(P=0.001)、神经侵犯(P=0.001)及肿瘤分化程度(P=0.002)与dCCA患者PD术后的预后相关。多因素Cox回归分析显示,淋巴结转移程度高(P=0.001)、淋巴结清扫总数≤10个(P=0.029)、存在脉管癌栓(P=0.007)、神经侵犯(P=0.001)和肿瘤分化程度低(P=0.029)是dCCA患者根治性PD术后预后不良的独立危险...     

不同术式内镜逆行胰胆管造影术对Oddi括约肌功能的影响研究进展

Oddi括约肌是控制胆胰管通道的重要阀门,其损伤会造成肠胆反流,引起反流性胆管炎、胆囊炎、结石再发,以及胆管癌等一系列远期并发症。胆总管结石作为临床最常见的消化系统疾病之一,近年来发病率逐渐增高。内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)是治疗胆总管结石的首选微创方法,已广泛应用于临床,但其可能对Oddi括约肌造成损伤。本文对ERCP的几种主要术式(内镜下乳头括约肌切开术、内镜下十二指肠乳头气囊扩张术、内镜下乳头括约肌小切开联合气囊扩张术、内镜下钛夹乳头成形术)对Oddi括约肌功能的影响进行综述。     

克拉霉素,甲硝唑和兰索拉唑联合治疗幽门螺杆菌感染的临床疗…

本文报道克拉霉素与甲硝唑及兰索拉唑联合应用治疗ＨＰ阳性的十二指肠溃疡。方法：５９例符合条件的病人随机分成两个治疗组，其中３０例口服克拉霉素２５０ｍｇ，甲硝唑４００ｍｇ，兰索拉唑３０ｍｇ，另一组２９例口服克拉霉素５００ｍｇ，甲硝唑４００ｍｇ，兰索拉唑３０ｍｇ，用法均为每日２次，疗程１周，继而口服兰索拉唑３０ｍｇ，每日１次，共１周。疗程结束后１个月复查胃镜。     

幽门螺杆菌感染的药物治疗

幽门螺杆菌感染的药物治疗孙钢，陈寿坡自１９８３年Ｍａｒｓｈａｌｌ和Ｗａｒｒｅｎ在胃粘膜发现幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｅｌｉｃｏｂａｃｔｅｒｐｙｌｏｒｉ，ＨＰ）以来，其与多种慢性上消化道疾病的关系受到广泛的关注。目前认为：（１）ＨＰ感染与慢性胃炎具有明确的因果关系...     

扶正祛邪法治疗Hp阳性DU 37例

扶正祛邪法治疗Ｈｐ阳性ＤＵ３７例杨占文１张莲娇２杨力３１空军公主岭医院吉林省公主岭市１３６１００２公主岭市医院３白求恩医科大学ＳｕｂｊｅｃｔｈｅａｄｉｎｇｓＨｅｌｉｃｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ／ｚｈｏｎｇｙｉｙａｏｌｉａｏｆａＤｕｏｄｅｎ...     

胃黏膜保护剂的药理作用和应用评价

一、胃黏膜保护剂的概念和分类 胃黏膜损伤因子包括内源性因子如高浓度胃酸、胃蛋白酶、幽门螺杆菌（Hp）、十二指肠液和外源性因子如非甾体类抗炎药（NSAID）、乙醇等。胃黏膜具有下列防御和修复机制，包括黏液-碳酸氢盐屏障、黏膜屏障、黏膜下血流量、细胞更新、前列腺素（prostaglandins，PG）和生长因子等。     

低温下肾蒂阻断肾实质切开取石26例报告

自1987年以来．我院先后对26例巨大铸状鹿角形和多发性复杂肾结石行肾实质切开取石术，均保存了肾脏，肾功能恢复满意。现报告如下。     

Risk factors of pancreatic leakage after pancreaticoduodenectomy

AIM: To analyze the risk factors for pancreatic leakage after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and to evaluate whether duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy could reduce the risk of pancreatic leakage. METHODS: Sixty-two patients who underwent PD at our hospital between January 2000 and November 2003 were reviewed retrospectively. The primary diseases of the patients included pancreas cancer, ampullary cancer, bile duct cancer, islet cell cancer, duodenal cancer, chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cystadenoma, and gastric cancer. Standard PD was performed for 25 cases, PD with extended lymphadenectomy for 27 cases, pylorus-preserving PD for 10 cases. A duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy was performed for patients with a hard pancreas and a dilated pancreatic duct, and a traditional end-to-end invagination pancreaticojejunostomy for patients with a soft pancreas and a non-dilated duct. Patients were divided into two groups according to the incidence of postoperative pancreaticojejunal anastomotic leakage: 10 cases with leakage and 52 cases without leakage. Seven preoperative and six intraoperative risk factors with the potential to affect the incidence of pancreatic leakage were analyzed with SPSS10.0 software. Logistic regression was then used to determine the effect of multiple factors on pancreatic leakage. RESULTS: Of the 62 patients, 10 (16.13%) were identified as having pancreatic leakage after operation. Other major postoperative complications included delayed gastric emptying (eight patients), abdominal bleeding (four patients), abdominal abscess (three patients) and wound infection (two patients). The overall surgical morbidity was 43.5% (27/62). The hospital mortality in this series was 4.84% (3/62), and the mortality associated with pancreatic fistula was 10% (1/10). Sixteen cases underwent duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy and 1 case (1/16, 6.25%) developed postoperative pancreatic leakage, 46 cases underwent invagination pancreaticojejunostomy and 9 cases (9/46, 19.6%) developed postoperative pancreatic leakage. General risk factors including patient age, gender, history of jaundice, preoperative nutrition, pathological diagnosis and the length of postoperative stay were similar in the two groups. There was no statistical difference in the incidence of pancreatic leakage between the patients who received the prophylactic use of octreotide after surgery and the patients who did not undergo somatostatin therapy. Moreover, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that none of the above factors seemed to be associated with pancreatic fistula. Two intraoperative risk factors, pancreatic duct size and texture of the remnant pancreas, were found to be significantly associated with pancreatic leakage. The incidence of pancreatic leakage was 4.88% in patients with a pancreatic duct size greater than or equal to 3 mm and was 38.1% in those with ducts smaller than 3 mm (P = 0.002). The pancreatic leakage rate was 2.94% in patients with a hard pancreas and was 32.1% in those with a soft pancreas (P = 0.004). Operative time, blood loss and type of resection were similar in the two patient groups. The incidence of pancreatic leakage was 6.25% (1/16) in patients with duct-to-mucosa anastomosis, and was 19.6% (9/46) in those with traditional invagination anastomosis. Although the difference of pancreatic leakage between the two groups was obvious, no statistical significance was found. This may be due to the small number of patients with duct-to-mucosa anastomosis. By further analyzing with multivariate logistic regression, both pancreatic duct size and texture of the remnant pancreas were demonstrated to be independent risk factors (P = 0.007 and 0.017, OR = 11.87 and 15.45). Although anastomotic technique was not a significant factor, pancreatic leakage rate was much less in cases that underwent duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy. CONCLUSION: Pancreatic duct size and texture of the remnant pancreas are risk factors influencing pancreatic leakage after PD. Duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy, as a safe and useful anastomotic technique, can reduce pancreatic leakage rate after PD.