错矫治治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病临床疗效分析

目的 分析并评价矫治错(牙合)同时治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)的临床效果。方法 采用直丝弓技术矫治各种错(牙合)畸形伴TMD患者42例,详细记录治疗前、治疗6个月、治疗结束、治疗结束后2年的牙(牙合)情况及TMD症状、体征变化、颞下颌关节(TMJ)X线片情况。结果 30例患者TMD症状及体征基本痊愈,占71.4％;好转7例,占16.7％;无效或加重5例,占11.9％。结论 错(牙合)畸形伴TMD的年轻患者经正畸矫治可以恢复咬合或作(牙合)重建,建立(牙合)平衡,使颞下颌关节、下颌回复到正常解剖位置。但已经发生器质性损害或TMJ解剖结构不对称的患者,治疗效果有待于进一步观察。     

Follow-up study of endodontic status in an adult Swedish population

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine changes in the endodontic status of selected teeth in a population over time, in order to get a long-term perspective of endodontically treated teeth. A random sample of the adult Swedish population was selected in 1974 and offered a clinical and radiographic examination. Eleven years later 351 of the selected persons attended a follow-up examination (1985). In radiographs, covering the mandibular premolar and molar regions, the status of 1974 was directly compared, tooth by tooth, with the status of 1985. The results showed that a number of endodontically treated teeth with an apical periodontitis healed during the observation period. During the same period, approximately the same number of endodontically treated teeth presented with a new apical periodontitis. This finding suggested that cross-sectional studies could provide reliable information on the long-term success rate of endodontic treatment at the population level. The periapical lesions that persisted or developed during the observation period were strongly related to incomplete root canal obturation, which is in agreement with observations in follow-up studies from teaching and specialist clinics.     

Influence of infection at the time of root filling on the outcome of endodontic treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis

This study investigated the role of infection on the prognosis of endodontic therapy by following-up teeth that had had their canals cleaned and obturated during a single appointment. The root canals of 55 single-rooted teeth with apical periodontitis were thoroughly instrumented and irrigated with sodium hypochlorite solution. Using advanced anaerobic bacteriological techniques, post-instrumentation samples were taken and the teeth were then root-filled during the same appointment. All teeth were initially infected; after instrumentation low numbers of bacteria were detected in 22 of 55 root canals. Periapical healing was followed-up for 5 years. Complete periapical healing occurred in 94% of cases that yielded a negative culture. Where the samples were positive prior to root filling, the success rate of treatment was just 68%— a statistically significant difference. Further investigation of three failures revealed the presence of Actinomyces species in each case; no other specific bacteria were implicated in failure cases. These findings emphasize the importance of completely eliminating bacteria from the root canal system before obturation. This objective cannot be reliably achieved in a one-visit treatment because it is not possible to eradicate all infection from the root canal without the support of an inter-appointment antimicrobial dressing.     

Clinical and epidemiological study of traumatic root fractures

Abstract    The aim of this work was to study the prevalence and clinical presentation of root fractures in a series of patients with dental trauma. Treatment strategies were classified and outcomes after a 6-month period presented. The study population comprised 76 patients (between the ages of 2 and 55 years) with 93 root fractures in their teeth (18 primary, 75 permanent). Data were collected following the taking of a detailed clinical history, objective clinical examination and photographic and radiological investigation. Since most of the primary teeth were extracted, only cases with root fracture of permanent teeth were followed-up: in all, 24 patients with 31 teeth with root fractures. The prevalence of root fractures in permanent teeth was 7.7% of all injuries, while in primary teeth it was 3.8%. The most frequently involved teeth were the maxillary incisors with a percentage of 75% in permanent teeth. Moreover, 40% of root fractures in permanent teeth were associated with fracture of the alveolar bone and of the soft tissues and in 45% of cases, the adjacent teeth were also injured. The results of this study reaffirm the necessity for scrupulous diagnosis of teeth after a traumatic injury. Adjacent teeth and those in the opposing arch should not be ignored. Treatment is multi-disciplinary, requiring surgical, orthodontic, operative and prosthetic compliance. Periodic check-up is essential.     

Dental caries experience in Mexican schoolchildren from rural and urban communities

OBJECTIVE: To compare dental caries experience in Mexican rural and urban settings. DESIGN: Cross-sectional samples of schoolchildren. SETTING: A school in Mexico City and a rural school in a remote area of the Oaxaca State in Southern Mexico. SAMPLE AND METHODS: A total of 347, 9- to 10-year-old schoolchildren (rural area, 131 children; urban, 216) was examined by two standardised dentists using the WHO 1987 criteria. OUTCOME MEASURES: Data were analysed in terms of central tendency measures and 95 per cent confidence intervals. RESULTS: Caries prevalence was 91.6 per cent in the urban area, and 54.4 per cent in the rural area (P < 0.05). DMFT in 10-year olds was 1.93 (sd 1.72) and 0.40 (sd 0.76) in urban and rural areas respectively (95 per cent CI 1.16-1.89). The entire DMFT/dmft indices in the rural group were made up of the decayed component. CONCLUSIONS: There is a large difference in the prevalence and distribution of dental caries between rural and urban Mexican children. Dental treatment background also differs markedly. Findings highlight the need to establish distinct preventative and rehabilitative treatment strategies tailored to meet the specific needs of different population groups.     

硼酸铝（9Al2O3.2B2O3）晶须的制备和性质

目的：制备硼酸铝晶须及测其物理化学特征。方法：原料在电炉中加热至１１５０℃，４ｈ，获得的晶须采用化学方法确定其组成，物理化学方法检测其表征。结果：获得了晶须的化学组成、Ｘ射线粉末衍射图、ＦＴ－ＩＲ光谱和Ｒａｍａｎ光谱图。结论：制备的晶须为四硼酸十八铝。     

Histological suture changes following retraction of the maxillary anterior bone segment after corticotomy

Abstract By cephalometric and dental cast analyses, the effects of corticotomy in combination with 45–50 days retraction of the maxillary anterior segment were evaluated in five female Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata). In addition, microscopic changes of the related sutures were examined. According to the analyses of the dental casts, the retraction of the maxillary anterior segment m the experimental group was increased when compared with that of the control group.‘There was no change in Occlusal molar relationship. The cephalometric analysis revealed that the “Point A” and “Metal Implant” on the mid-sagittal site between the upper central incisors in the experimental group showed more pronounced retraction than that in two untreated control animals. These results were histologically evaluated by changes of the suture structure: irregularity of functional arrangement of component cells and fibers, an increase in number of cells, resorption and formation of bone, and an enlargement of the suture width. Resorption of tooth roots and alveolar bone, and irregularity of the periodontal ligament were observed. In general, these histological changes appeared more extensive in the control specimens compared with the experimental Specimens. The osseous histological changes were mainly observed in the compact bone area, while in the spongy bone area of both control and experimental specimens only minimal changes occurred. These results demonstrated the efficacy of combining a corticotomy procedure with retraction of the maxillary anterior bone segment by an orthodontic force.     

The effect of public or private management on patients with temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction

Australians may receive free dental treatment via the public sector if they have a health care card but otherwise must seek treatment via the private sector. These two modes of dental delivery have different objectives, facilities, and patient populations. Two groups of patients, one public and one private, who presented to the same clinicians with temporomandibular joint dysfunction were studied. There were differences in age, numbers of natural teeth and some psychological features. However, the outcome to simple non-surgical management resulted in similar levels of successful treatment.     

Periapical status and prevalence of endodontic treatment in an adult Dutch population

This study examined the prevalence of endodontic treatment in a group of 184 Dutch adults, and determined the periapical status of all teeth using panoramic radiographs. The results indicate that in this group, 2.3% of the teeth were root-filled, and that 5.2% of all non-endodonticallv treated teeth showed signs of periapical pathology. Around the apices of 39.2% of the endodontically treated teeth in this survey, radiographic signs of periapical pathology were observed. Using the level of the root canal filling as a criterion for evaluating the quality of the root canal treatment, 50.6% of the endodontic treatments were qualified as inadequate. There was a significant correlation between the presence of periapical pathology and underfilling of the root canal(s). 44.6% of the patient sample had at least one tooth with radiographic signs of periapical pathology, indicating a substantial future need for endodontic treatment.     

Quality of life and psychosocial outcomes after fixed orthodontic treatment: a 17-year observational cohort study

Arrow P, Brennan D, Spencer AJ. Quality of life and psychosocial outcomes after fixed orthodontic treatment: a 17‐year observational cohort study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2011; 39: 505–514. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract – Background: There is little evidence to suggest that orthodontic treatment can prevent or reduce the likelihood of dental caries or of periodontal disease or dental trauma and temporomandibular disorders, but there is a modest association between the presence of malocclusion/orthodontic treatment need and quality of life. However, little is known of the long‐term outcomes of orthodontic treatment. This study reports on the longitudinal follow‐up of quality of life and psychosocial outcomes of orthodontic treatment among a cohort of adults who were examined as adolescents in 1988/1989. Materials and Methods: Children who were examined in 1988/1989 were invited to a follow‐up in 2005/2006. Respondents completed a questionnaire, which collected information on quality of life, receipt of orthodontic treatment and psychosocial factors, and were invited for a clinical examination. Oral health conditions including occlusal status using the Dental Aesthetic Index were recorded. Analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used to examine the relationship between the measured factors. Results: There was no statistically significant association between occlusal status at adolescence and quality of life at adulthood. Those individuals who had orthodontic treatment but did not need orthodontic treatment had higher self‐esteem (23.1, SD 5.2) and were more satisfied with life (18.5, SD 3.7) than other treatment groups (self‐esteem range, 20.0–22.7; life satisfaction range, 16.4–18.1), anova P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively. Occlusal status at adulthood was significantly associated with quality of life, P < 0.01. Multivariate analyses showed a statistically significant association between occlusal status at adolescence (‘Desirable treatment’β = 0.70, P = 0.04) and adulthood (‘Desirable treatment’β = 1.66, P < 0.01) with quality of life. Orthodontic treatment was negatively associated with psychosocial factors (life satisfaction; fixed orthodontic treatment (FOT) β = ?0.91, P = 0.02 and self‐esteem; FOT β = ?1.39, P < 0.01). Conclusions: Occlusal status appears to have limited association with quality of life and psychosocial factors. Receipt of fixed orthodontic treatment does not appear to be associated with oral health‐related quality of life but appears to be negatively associated with self‐esteem and satisfaction with life.