缺血性脑血管病患者血清基质金属蛋白酶水平及影响因素分析

目的 比较急性脑梗死、短暂脑缺血发作(TIA)和陈旧脑梗死患者血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)水平并分析其影响因素.方法 缺血性脑血管病患者136例,分为急性脑梗死组57例,TIA组22例,陈旧脑梗死组57例,进行神经功能评分及血压、血常规、血脂、血糖检查.依据ELISA法进行血MMP-9测定.结果 MMP-9水平分别为急性脑梗死患者(444.13±418.46)ng/ml,TIA患者(374.36±278.31)ng/ml,陈旧脑梗死患者(231.11±367.43)ng/ml.急性脑梗死和TIA患者血MMP-9水平明显高于陈旧脑梗死患者(P＜0.05).MMP-9水平与血白细胞水平(r=0.192,P=0.025)、低密度脂蛋白(r=0.261,P=0.002)、收缩压(r=0.232,P=0.006)呈正相关;与高密度脂蛋白(r=-0.219,P=0.011)和血糖(r=-0.254,P=0.003)呈负相关.MMP-9与收缩压(β=0.259,P=0.001)、血白细胞(β=0.209,P=0.008)、低密度脂蛋白(β=0.586,P=0.000)、胆固醇(β=-0.458,P=0.007)和血糖(β=-0.200,P=0.014)具有线性关系.结论 MMP-9水平在急性脑梗死及TIA时升高,收缩压、血白细胞和低密度脂蛋白均可能为其影响因素.     

The Rigiflex TTS: A New Method to Dilate Benign Esophageal Stenosis

Abstract: This paper dicusses the use of esophageal dilatation with a Rigiflex TTS balloon. This method was used 45 times on 11 patients affected by anastomotic or a severe grade peptic esophageal stenosis. Fluoroscopic guidance was used in 36 procedures (80%) without effecting the mean duration of the treatment (12 minutes). The results were considered satisfactory when these goals had been achieved: a) dilatation of the stenosis over 15 mm; b) a dysphagia free-time of more than 6 months. A satisfactory result was achieved in 10 patients (90.9%), without deaths and major complications. 5 patients received 1 dilatation and the other 5 needed, 3-3-4-7–11 procedures respectively to obtain a satisfactory result. On these basis we consider that its great efficacy, security and tolerability depend on the following characteristics of the Rigiflex TTS balloon: 1) “radial” dilatation; 2) the possibility of introducing the balloon through the operative channel of the fiberscope; 3) direct visualization of the stenosis during dilatation. The following disadvantages with this method are: the absence of a tactile sensation of dilatation and the elevated cost of the instrument. We conclude that the Rigiflex TTS balloon is an important alternative to guide-wire techniques, especially for the treatment of severe esophageal strictures.     

A multiparametric index of platelet in vitro aggregation in cerebrovascular disease

148 patients with various forms of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) were studied by means of a multiparametric analysis ofin vitro platelet aggregation, based on the following six parameters: ADP and epinephrine primary and secondary aggregation thresholds and percent maximum aggregation induced by optimal concentrations of ADP and epinephrine. These patients were assigned to four study groups, according to clinical diagnosis supported by CT scan, of transient ischemic attack and reversible neurological deficit (TIA-RIND), or completed stroke, in the presence or absence respectively of antiplatelet medical treatment at the time of the study. A statistically significant increase of thein vitro platelet aggregation was found in 44.4% of the untreated TIA-RIND patients and in 33.9% of the untreated stroke patients. However this last group showed a higher percentage of very marked hyperaggregation. Differences between the two treated study groups and controls were not signicant. No difference was found in collagen-and ristocetin-induced aggregation between the patient groups and the controls.

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Sommario 148 pazienti con varie forme di malattia cerebrovascolare, sono stati studiati con analisi multiparametriche dell'aggregazione piastrinica in vitro sulla base dei seguenti sei parametri: le soglie di aggregazione primaria e secondaria e l'aggregazione massima percentuale indotta da ADP ed Epinefrina. Questi pazienti sono stati suddivisi in 4 gruppi di studio in accordo con la diagnosi clinica confortata dai dati della TAC e cioè: TIA, RIND, o rammollimento in presenza o in assenza rispettivamente di un trattamento antiaggregante nel momento dello studio. è stato trovato un aumento statisticamente significativo dell'aggregazione in vitro delle piastrine nel 44.4% dei casi TIA, RIND non trattati e nel 33,9% dei casi di rammollimento non trattati. Quest'ultimo gruppo, però, ha dimostrato una più alta percentuale di iperaggregazione molto marcata. Le differenze tra i 2 gruppi di studio trattati con antiaggreganti e i controlli non erano significative. Inoltre nessuna differenza è stata riscontrata tra i gruppi e i controlli nell'aggregazione indotta da collageno e ristocetina.

     

经尿道切除技术在下尿路疾病中的应用（附128例报告）

目的 探讨经尿道切除技术（TUR）治疗下尿路疾病的适应证、操作方法、术中术后处理及并发症预防的要点。方法 应用经尿道汽化电切术（TURVP）和双极等离子汽化电切术（TUPKVP），分别以5％葡萄糖液和生理盐水作冲洗介质，选择性耻骨上膀胱造瘘，持续低压灌洗，术后气囊导尿管留置5～7天拔管，自行排尿。结果 经尿道前列腺双极等离子汽化电切术7例，经尿道前列腺汽化电切术58例，合计前列腺手术65例；腺性膀胱炎汽化电切术43例；膀胱肿瘤汽化电切术15例；后尿道狭窄等离子汽化电切术3例；精阜腺瘤汽化电切术2例。全部病例均一次手术完成，有效率（126／128）98．4％。无膀胱穿孔、电切综合征、大出血、真性尿失禁发生。前列腺术后尿道狭窄、排尿困难再次手术者2例，占3．08％，排尿疼痛、不适感6例，占9．23％，逆行射精4例，占6．15％。结论 TUR技术是一种微创、安全、迅速、有效、恢复快、并发症较少的腔内泌尿外科治疗方法，特别适用于下尿路疾病的手术；术中持续低压灌注对确保切割视野清晰、预防并发症至关重要。     

加替沙星序贯治疗下呼吸道细菌感染的药物经济学评价

目的对加替沙星序贯治疗下呼吸道细菌感染进行药物经济学评价。方法将69例下呼吸道细菌性感染患者，随机分为A组（34例）、B组（35例），其中A组采用加替沙星注射液400mg静脉滴注，每天1次，连用10天；B组先用加替沙星注射液400mg静脉滴注，每天1次，3—4天后改为口服400mg，每天1次，连用6—7天，然后对两种方案进行成本-效果分析。结果两组在临床疗效、不良反应发生率及细菌清除率方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；但A组的医疗费用却高于B组（P〈0．01）。结论加替沙星序贯疗法与单纯静脉滴注相比更安全，更经济合理。     

食管癌三维适形后程加速超分割放射治疗的疗效分析

目的评价三维适形后程加速超分割放射治疗食管癌的疗效及放疗反应、并发症。方法2002年2月至2004年5月,71例食管鳞癌随机分成两组,三维适形后程加速超分割组36例,食管病变上下外约4cm,前后、左右外约0.5~1cm作为PTV1,每次2GY,每周5次,DT40GY后,病变上下外约2cm,前后、左右外约0.5~1cm作为PTV2,每日2次,每次1.5GY,间隔4~6小时,总疗程6周,总剂量67GY/38次。非三维适形后程加速超分割组35例,时间、剂量、分割方式同适形组。所有病例均采用8MV-X外照射。结果1、2、3年的生存率和原发肿瘤的局控率,与非适形后程加速超分割比较,适形组明显提高,分别为88.9%、75%、63.9%比68.6%、51.4%、40%和86.1%、72.2%、58.3%比65.7%、48.5%、34.3%。适形组的急性放射反应明显低于非适形后程加速超分割组,两组有显著差别。结论本研究的初步结果表明食管癌适形后程加速超分割放射治疗的疗效优于非适形后程加速超分割组。     

Effect of Kang''''ai Injection(康艾注射液) on Serum Level of Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Patients with Esophageal Carcinoma during Radiotherapy

Radiotherapy(RT)is an important ap-proach for treatment of esophageal carcinoma(EC),especially for patients who have missedthe chance of surgical section.The efficacy ofRTis not satisfactory for its1-year,3-year and5-year survival rates being merely50%,20%,and10%respectively(1).Researches in recent years showed thatbetter efficacy can be obtained by combiningRTwith Chinese herbal medicines for EC thatincapable to be resected.Kang ai Injection(康艾注射液,KAI)is a Chinese herbal prep-arati…     

Survivin在食管癌中的表达及其与bcl-2表达关系的相关研究

目的 探讨Survivin在食管癌组织中的表达及其与bc1-2蛋白表达的相关性。方法应用免疫组织化学SP法，检测Survivin、bc1-2蛋白在68例食管癌组织和20例正常食管组织中的表达。结果 Survivin蛋白在正常食管组织中低表达或不表达，68例食管癌组织中，49例表达阳性，占72．1％。Survivin蛋白表达与分化程度、淋巴结转移密切相关（P〈0．05）。食管癌组织bc1-2蛋白表达阳性、阴性组中，Survivin蛋白阳性表达率分别为94．7％（36／38）和43．3％（13／30），两者比较．差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。Survivin蛋白表达与bc1-2蛋白表达密切相关。结论 Survivin在食管癌组织中表达上调，通过抑制细胞凋亡，在食管癌的发生中起到重要作用；凋亡相关基因bc1-2的上调与Survivin的表达可能在食管癌变中起协同作用。     

Boerhaave’s syndrome: Primary repair vs. esophageal resection—Case reports and meta-analysis of the literature

Boerhaave’s syndrome is a life-threatening disease with a high mortality. With regard to the heterogeneity of treatment strategies, no comparative studies exist and recommendations remain controversial. Seventeen cases of Boerhaave’s syndrome operated on between 1989 and 2000 at our hospital were reviewed retrospectively to compare the time period between perforation and diagnosis, and the morbidity and mortality among the different treatment options. In addition, we conducted a meta-analysis of the literature including all series containing five or more patients and compared the findings with our own data. Our patients with a perforation history of less than 12 hours showed significantly fewer signs of sepsis compared to patients with a history of more than 12 hours. In a comparison of patients with primary repair vs. patients treated with esophageal resection or an exclusion operation, no differences were found. In the literature, patients with a long period of perforation (more than 24 hours) were treated more often with an esophageal resection than patients with primary repair. In cases of Boerhaave’s syndrome, primary suturing of the esophageal perforation should be reserved only for those patients presenting within 12 hours after perforation. In all other cases, depending on the extent of the tissue damage, a two-stage esophageal resection with cervical esophagostomy and gastrostomy is recommended as the safest treatment.     

99TCm-RBC显像在下消化道出血诊断中的应用

目的　研究 99TCm-RBC显像诊断下消化道出血的临床价值。方法　对 2 5例下消化道出血患者行 99TCm-RBC显像 ,并与手术及病理检查结果作比较。结果　99TCm-RBC显像诊断下消化道出血阳性率为 80 .0 %,定位诊断率为 68.0 %,特异性为 85 .0 %。结论99TCm-RBC显像可作为下消化道出血诊断及定位的一种有效方法。