BDI-1-MT治疗膀胱癌及预防其术后复发的临床观察

目的　通过临床应用膀胱腔内灌注抗人膀胱癌免疫毒素 (BDI- 1-MT) ,观察治疗膀胱癌和预防膀胱癌术后复发的效果及毒副反应。方法　对 18例术后和 5例未手术的膀胱癌病人 ,膀胱腔内灌注BDI- 1-MT 1个疗程以上 ,观察疗效、复发情况及毒副反应。结果　术后 18例随访 6～ 2 0个月未见复发 ,未手术 5例随访 6～ 2 1个月 ,其中 3例显效 ,2例有效。所有病例均无明显毒副反应。结论　膀胱腔内灌注BDI- 1-MT治疗膀胱癌和预防膀胱癌术后复发有良好效果 ,是一种值得推广的新方法。     

前列腺癌去雄激素治疗不良反应的预防和处理

目的观察去雄激素治疗前列腺癌的不良反应,并探讨其预防和治疗。方法回顾性分析1998年7月-2006年1月112例去雄激素治疗晚期前列腺癌的临床资料。结果112例患者中,97例完成了不良反应的调查。随访3-36月,去雄激素治疗后潮热、性功能障碍、病理性骨折发生率分别为46％、75％、4％;患者潮热、精神疲乏、四肢乏力、纳差症状明显加重(P<0．05);性功能明显减退(P<0．05)。12例潮热症状严重者使用抗抑郁药博乐欣(25mg,tid)1-2周症状减轻。7例有骨转移性疼痛或严重骨质疏松患者,应用唑来膦酸4mg静脉滴注,每45d一次,骨痛症状缓解。结论去雄激素对前列腺癌患者生活质量有一定影响。博乐欣可减轻患者潮热症状,唑来膦酸可预防和治疗去雄激素相关的骨质疏松并发症。     

开放手术观察腰椎间盘突出症溶核失败45例分析

目的 通过开放手术观察分析椎间盘髓核化学溶解术治疗腰椎间盘突出症失败原因。方法 收集溶核失败的腰椎间盘突出症45例行开放手术治疗。结果 术中见45例硬膜外脂肪完全消失，43例髓核未见溶解，2例髓核溶解呈糊状但未被吸收，21例伴有侧隐窝狭窄，15例突出物与神经根粘连，20例黄韧带增厚，2例椎管骨性狭窄，14例突出物钙化。结论 腰椎间盘突出症病变间隙合并有侧隐窝狭窄、神经根粘连、椎管狭窄、突出物钙化等，不是溶核治疗的适应证。     

A new synthesis of Rink's polymer, 4-(2′,4′-dimethoxyphenylhydroxymethyl) phenoxymethylpolystyrene

For solid-phase peptide synthesis, 2, 4-dimethoxy-4′ -hydroxybenzhydrol linker was prepared via lithium borohydride reduction of 2, 4-dimethoxy-4′-hydroxybenzophenone. The potassium salt of the linker was coupled to chloromethylpolystyrene. This method proved to be better than use of the cesium salt. This new synthesis gave a polymer with appropriate structure and a good degree of substitution.     

A method of simultaneous dual-radionuclide cardiac imaging with technetium 99m and thallium 201. I: Analysis of interradionuclide crossover and validation in phantoms

Background  

Simultaneous dual-radionuclide technetium 99m/thallium 201 scintigraphy can potentially produce perfectly aligned stress and rest images in less time than conventional protocols. However, interradionuclide crossover limits diagnostic accuracy. Accordingly, we evaluated^99mTc and²⁰¹Tl crossover in line and heart phantoms.     

应用局部皮瓣治疗仰趾畸形

目的:探讨烧、创伤后,足背瘢痕挛缩所致仰趾畸形的治疗。方法:术中将足背瘢痕切除,彻底松解挛缩,将弓弦状伸肌腱切除部分或切断,切除部分挛缩的跖趾关节背侧关节囊,使关节复位,克氏针外固定,在拇指内侧或小趾侧,以跖趾关节处为蒂设计逆行皮瓣,转移覆盖外露的跖趾关节,供区及瘢痕切除后创面行全厚或断层皮片修复。结果:本组7例,均采用逆行皮瓣修复,畸形完全纠正,无继发畸形。结论:应用拇指及小趾侧方逆行皮瓣转移,治疗仰趾畸形可达到满意效果。     

扶正调平汤减轻化疗毒副反应的临床观察

目的研究在化疗过程中运用扶正调平汤对减轻肿瘤患者的骨髓抑制，消化道症状等化疗副反应的作用。方法通过临床对60例手术及非手术胃癌患者随机分成两组，即治疗组和对照组，观察化疗前后两组的血象变化、消化道反应情况，及其生活质量进行评定，比较、分析。结果实验证明化疗同时配合扶正调平汤对改善化疗副反应的作用显著化于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论说明扶正调平汤对减轻化疗毒副反应方面具有较好的临床疗效。提高了患者生活质量，使惠者顺利完成化疗疗程。     

Modification of the Phe3 aromatic moiety in delta receptor-selective dermorphin/deltorphin-related tetrapeptides Effects on opioid receptor binding

The previously described cyclic delta opioid receptor-selective tetrapeptide H-Tyr-d -Cys-Phe-d -Pen-OH (JOM-13) was modified at residue 3 by incorporation of both natural and unnatural amino acids with varying steric, electronic, and lipophilic properties. Effects on mu and delta opioid receptor binding affinities were evaluated by testing the compounds for displacement of radiolabeled receptor-selective ligands in a guinea pig brain receptor binding assay. Results obtained with the bulky aromatic 1-Nal³ and 2-Nal³ substitutions suggest that the shape of the receptor subsite with which the side chain of the internal aromatic residue interacts differs for delta and mu receptors. This subsite of either receptor can accommodate the transverse steric bulk of the 1-Nal³ side chain but only the delta receptor can readily accept the more elongated 2-Nal³ side chain. Several analogs with pi-excessive heteroaromatic side chains in residue 3 were examined. In general, these analogs display diminished binding to mu and delta receptors, consistent with previous findings for analogs with residue 3 substitutions of modified electronic character. Several analogs with alkyl side chains in residue 3 were also examined. While delta receptor binding affinity is severely diminished with Val³, Ile³, and Leu³ substitutions, Cha³ substitution is very well tolerated, indicating that, contrary to the widely held belief, an aromatic side chain in this portion of the ligand is not required for delta receptor binding. Where possible, comparison of results in this delta-selective tetrapeptide series with those reported for analogous modification in the cyclic delta-selective pentapeptide [d -Pen², d -Pen⁵]enkephalin (DPDPE) and linear pentapeptide enkephalins reveals similar trends.     

Antiepileptic drug toxicity: Definition and mechanism of action

A detailed review of the adverse reactions of anticonvulsants is given, focusing on the definitions of drug toxicity, sources of information, patterns of durg utilization, pharmacokinetic variables and different mechanisms of action. The information available in the literature provides a wide spectrum of drug toxicity with no attempt at a practical definition of the reported events. This favors uncertainty among practising physicians, who are led to use the individual items with different attitudes. Suggestions are given for the evaluation, prevention and treatment of anticonvulsant drug toxicity.

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Sommario La presente è una revisione critica dei diversi aspetti della tossicità dei farmaci antiepilettici. L'analisi della letteratura è condotta con particolare riferimento alle diverse fonti di informazione, ai pattern di utilizzo dei singoli principi attivi, ai dati farmacocinetici ed ai meccanismi di azione farmacologica sottostanti. L'ampio panorama che ne deriva non consente una definizione pratica degli effetti indesiderati degli anticonvulsivanti. Ciò determina incertezza e confusione nella pratica medica, con conseguente diversità di comportamenti. La rassegna si conclude con la presentazione di alcuni suggerimenti pratici per la valutazione, la prevenzione ed il trattamento della tossicità da anticonvulsivanti.