超脉冲CO2点阵激光辅助中药苦参油膏治疗增生性瘢痕的临床疗效观察

目的探讨超脉冲CO₂点阵激光辅助中药苦参油膏治疗增生性瘢痕的临床疗效。方法选取增生性瘢痕患者72例,随机分为对照组和研究组,每组各36例。对照组采用CO₂点阵激光治疗,冷敷冷疗后直接包扎,研究组在此基础上配合中药苦参油膏外敷,观察疗效和不良反应情况,比较两组患者疼痛指数、创面愈合时间、温哥华瘢痕量表(VSS)评分以及治疗后色沉发生率。结果每次治疗后研究组疼痛指数评分及创面愈合时间均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前两组患者VSS评分无统计学差异(P>0.05);治疗后2个月和6个月时,研究组VSS评分均明显小于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组色沉发生率38.88%,明显低于对照组的72.22%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超脉冲CO₂点阵激光辅助中药苦参油膏治疗增生性瘢痕,可明显降低疼痛指数和VSS评分,缩短创面愈合时间,且不良反应较少,值得临床推广应用。     

Myocardial Fibrosis and Inflammation by CMR Predict Cardiovascular Outcome in People Living With HIV

ObjectivesThe goal of this study was to examine prognostic relationships between cardiac imaging measures and cardiovascular outcome in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).BackgroundPLWH have a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease and heart failure (HF) compared with the noninfected population. The pathophysiological drivers of myocardial dysfunction and worse cardiovascular outcome in HIV remain poorly understood.MethodsThis prospective observational longitudinal study included consecutive PLWH on long-term HAART undergoing cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) examination for assessment of myocardial volumes and function, T1 and T2 mapping, perfusion, and scar. Time-to-event analysis was performed from the index CMR examination to the first single event per patient. The primary endpoint was an adjudicated adverse cardiovascular event (cardiovascular mortality, nonfatal acute coronary syndrome, an appropriate device discharge, or a documented HF hospitalization).ResultsA total of 156 participants (62% male; age [median, interquartile range]: 50 years [42 to 57 years]) were included. During a median follow-up of 13 months (9 to 19 months), 24 events were observed (4 HF deaths, 1 sudden cardiac death, 2 nonfatal acute myocardial infarction, 1 appropriate device discharge, and 16 HF hospitalizations). Patients with events had higher native T1 (median [interquartile range]: 1,149 ms [1,115 to 1,163 ms] vs. 1,110 ms [1,075 to 1,138 ms]); native T2 (40 ms [38 to 41 ms] vs. 37 ms [36 to 39 ms]); left ventricular (LV) mass index (65 g/m² [49 to 77 g/m²] vs. 57 g/m² [49 to 64 g/m²]), and N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (109 pg/l [25 to 337 pg/l] vs. 48 pg/l [23 to 82 pg/l]) (all p < 0.05). In multivariable analyses, native T1 was independently predictive of adverse events (chi-square test, 15.9; p < 0.001; native T1 [10 ms] hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.20 [1.08 to 1.33]; p = 0.001), followed by a model that also included LV mass (chi-square test, 17.1; p < 0.001). Traditional cardiovascular risk scores were not predictive of the adverse events.ConclusionsOur findings reveal important prognostic associations of diffuse myocardial fibrosis and LV remodeling in PLWH. These results may support development of personalized approaches to screening and early intervention to reduce the burden of HF in PLWH (International T1 Multicenter Outcome Study; NCT03749343).     

髙频超声技术对乳腺癌和乳腺术后放射样瘢痕对比研究

目的 :研究乳腺术后放射状瘢痕与乳腺癌超声表现的鉴别诊断。方法 :回顾分析我院自2010年8月至2013年8月以来,于我科实施乳腺局部切除经复查超声示放射样癒痕的70例患者临床资料(研究组),及70例乳腺癌患者临床资料(对照组),两组均予高频超声检查,观察对比两组超声提示的生长方式、边缘、形状、后方回声、、回声特点、腋窝淋巴结血供情况和肿大特点,测量研究组放射状瘢痕手术前后的THC(血红蛋白总浓度)。结果 :研究组形状不规则70例(100.0%),对照组61例(87.1%),不具差异;研究组晕环征0例(0.0%),对照组56例(80.0%),差异显著;研究组肿块横切面宽度/厚度>2共60例(85.7%),对照组0例(0.0%),差异显著。结论 :乳腺术后放射状瘢痕与乳腺癌通过高频超声下敏感性指标对比,可以给临床提供诊断的可靠依据,并且能够降低重复活检,减轻患者痛苦,应予推广。     

Treatment of heterotopic caesarean scar pregnancy complicated with post termination increase in size of residual mass and morbidly adherent placenta

We report a case of a secundipara with heterotopic cesarean scar pregnancy (HCSP) treated with potassium chloride injection into the ectopic embryo followed by sac aspiration. The remaining “mass” increased in size threefold and was surrounded by a rich vascular network. An arteriovenous malformation was suspected; however, appropriate treatment was precluded because of the viability of the ectopic gestation. Sonographic examination revealed a morbidly adherent placenta, and attempt to resect the mass laparoscopically was complicated by bleeding that required hysterectomy. This case illustrates a complication of the intervention performed to preserve the intrauterine gestation in case of HCSP. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 46 :227–230, 2018     

经乳晕隐痕切口在胸外科男性患者微创手术中的应用

 目的 探讨经乳晕隐痕切口在胸外科男性患者微创胸腔镜手术中的可行性和优势。方法 回顾性分析2016-03至2019-01武警海警总队医院胸心外科收治的单孔胸腔镜手术男性患者资料,其中56例经乳晕切口(乳晕组),68例常规切口(对照组)。比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后胸腔引流量、拔管时间、术后住院天数、术后第1天和第2天的视觉模拟评分,以及术后1、3个月切口不适情况、远期切口满意度等。结果 所有患者均顺利完成手术,术中术后均未出现严重并发症。两组在手术时间、术中出血量、术后胸腔引流液量、拔除胸管时间、术后住院天数、术后第1天VAS评分等方面差异无统计学意义,与对照组相比,乳晕组的术后第2天VAS评分下降明显(P＜0.05),切口不适人数减少,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。术后6个月随访乳晕组对瘢痕非常满意者有41例(73.2%),对照组有19例(27.9%),两组瘢痕满意度比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 在部分胸部疾病中,男性患者选择经乳晕切口行单孔胸腔镜手术是安全、可行的,可以提高切口满意度,更能体现出微创无瘢痕这一特点,值得临床推广。     

Musculoskeletal regeneration and its implications for the treatment of tendinopathy

Tendinopathies are common muskoloskeletal injuries that lead to pain and disability. Development and pathogenesis of tendinopathy is attributed to progressive pathological changes to the structure, function, and biology of tendon. The nature of this disease state, whether acquired by acute or chronic injury, is being actively investigated. Scarring, disorganized tissue, and loss of function characterize adult tendon healing. Recent work from animal models has begun to reveal the potential for adult mammalian tendon regeneration, the replacement of diseased with innate tissue. This review discusses what is known about musculoskeletal regeneration from a molecular perspective and how these findings can be applied to tendinopathy. Non‐mammalian and mammalian models are discussed with emphasis on the potential of Murphy Roths Large mice to serve as a model of adult tendon regeneration. Comparison of regeneration in non‐mammals, foetal mammals and adult mammals emphasizes distinctly different contributing factors to effective regeneration.     

波形蛋白与DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱ在病理性瘢痕中的表达及意义

目的:比较波形蛋白及DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱα(TopoⅡα)、β(TopoⅡβ)在病理性瘢痕、成熟瘢痕和正常皮肤中的表达情况,探讨它们与成纤维细胞生物学特征的关系及在瘢痕形成中的作用.方法:应用免疫组织化学检测病理性瘢痕、成熟瘢痕和正常皮肤各10例,了解其中波形蛋白、TopoⅡα、β的表达水平,测定光密度值,并分析其相关性.结果:波形蛋白在病理性瘢痕和成熟瘢痕真皮层大量表达;TopoⅡα蛋白在病理性瘢痕表皮基底层表达明显低于正常皮肤和成熟瘢痕,但是在真皮层血管周围有阳性表达;TopoⅡβ蛋白在病理性瘢痕表皮层表达明显低于正常皮肤和成熟瘢痕,但是在真皮层胶原纤维增生区域大量表达.各组光密度值差异有统计学意义.结论:TopoⅡα、β在病理性瘢痕真皮层表达增强,与波形蛋白的表达一致,提示其可能与病理性瘢痕的形成有关.