Naturally occurring CD4+ CD25+ cells in modulating immune response to administered coagulation factor VIII in factor VIII‐deficient mice

Summary. CD4+ CD25+ T regulatory (Treg) cells are critical mediators of peripheral self‐tolerance and immune homeostasis. In this study, we characterized the ability of naturally occurring CD4+ CD25+ cells from the wild‐type mice to modulate the immune response to administered coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) in FVIII‐deficient mice. For the cell therapy, CD4+ CD25+ cells and CD4+ CD25− cells were purified from the spleens of wild‐type normal mice and administered to FVIII‐deficient mice prior to four injections of recombinant FVIII (rFVIII). The titre of FVIII antibodies and antibodies with inhibitory activity against FVIII was lower in the mice treated with natural CD4+ CD25+ cells or CD4+ CD25− cells compared with the mice treated only with rFVIII. We also demonstrated that CD4+ CD25− cells could differentiate to acquire the Treg phenotype expressing CD25 and FoxP3 if stimulated in vitro. These observations provide evidence that Treg cells can be used for designing cell therapy for controlling the immune response to FVIII.     

Vitamin D3 and Monomethyl Fumarate Enhance Natural Killer Cell Lysis of Dendritic Cells and Ameliorate the Clinical Score in Mice Suffering from Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a CD4⁺ T cell mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease that is induced in mice by administration of peptides derived from myelin proteins. We developed EAE in SJL mice by administration of PLP_139–151 peptide. The effect of treating these mice with 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (vitamin D₃), or with monomethyl fumarate (MMF) was then examined. We observed that both vitamin D₃ and MMF inhibited and/or prevented EAE in these mice. These findings were corroborated with isolating natural killer (NK) cells from vitamin D₃-treated or MMF-treated EAE mice that lysed immature or mature dendritic cells. The results support and extend other findings indicating that an important mechanism of action for drugs used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) is to enhance NK cell lysis of dendritic cells.     

Low Plasmatic 25-hydroxyvitamin D at Diagnosis is Associated with Axillary Invasion,Chemoresistance and Metastasis in Women with Breast Cancer

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Early prenatal vitamin D concentrations and social-emotional development in infants

Background: Many pregnant women in the United States have suboptimal vitamin D, but the impact on infant development is unclear. Moreover, no pregnancy-specific vitamin D recommendations have been widely accepted.

Aims: Given the ubiquitous expression of vitamin D receptors in the brain, we investigated the association between early prenatal plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and children’s social and emotional development in the Newborn Epigenetic Study, a prospective study of pregnancies from 2009 to 2011 in Durham, North Carolina.

Methods: We measured 25(OH)D concentrations in first or second trimester plasma samples and categorized 25(OH)D concentrations into quartiles. Covariates were derived from maternal questionnaires. Mothers completed the Infant Toddler Social-Emotional Development Assessment when children were 12–24 months of age. We used multivariable linear regression to evaluate associations between 25(OH)D and specific behavior scores, adjusted for season of blood draw, maternal age, education, parity, smoking, marital status, prepregnancy BMI, and infant gender. We investigated effect-measure modification by race/ethnicity.

Results: Of the 218 mother–infant pairs with complete data, Black mothers had much lower 25(OH)D concentrations as compared to White and Hispanic mothers. After adjustment, lower prenatal 25(OH)D was associated with slightly higher (less favorable) Internalizing scores among White children, but lower (more favorable) Internalizing scores among Black and Hispanic children. Lower prenatal 25(OH)D also appears to be associated with higher (less favorable) dysregulation scores, though only among White and Hispanic children.

Conclusions: Though imprecise, preliminary results warrant further investigation regarding a role for prenatal vitamin D on children’s early social and emotional development.     

温阳补肾法对高原类风湿关节炎患者血清25羟维生素D3水平的影响

目的:观察温阳补肾法对高原类风湿关节炎患者血清25羟维生素D3水平的影响。方法:选取2015年7月至2017年8月青海省中医院收治的高原类风湿关节炎患者132例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组66例。对照组应用常规西医治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上应用温阳补肾法治疗,2组均连续治疗3个月。比较2组治疗后临床疗效,统计2组治疗前后主要临床症状与体征、健康状况评定量表(HAQ)评分和DAS28评分,检测2组治疗前后实验室检查指标、血清25羟维生素D3以及血液流变学指标水平。结果:治疗后,观察组临床治疗总有效率显著高于对照组(P 0. 05); 2组关节肿胀指数、关节疼痛指数、关节压痛指数、晨僵时间、关节功能分级和20 m步行时间均较治疗前显著降低(P 0. 05),且观察组均显著低于对照组(P 0. 05); 2组HAQ评分、DAS28评分、类风湿因子(RF)、C反应蛋白(CRP)和红细胞沉降率(ESR)水平均较治疗前显著降低(P 0. 05),且观察组均显著低于对照组(P 0. 05); 2组血清25羟维生素D3水平均较治疗前显著升高(P 0. 05),且观察组显著高于对照组(P 0. 05); 2组红细胞电泳指数、红细胞压积、血浆黏度、全血低切黏度、全血高切黏度水平均较治疗前显著降低(P 0. 05),且观察组均显著低于对照组(P 0. 05)。结论:温阳补肾法治疗高原类风湿关节炎,疗效满意,同时能明显增加血清25羟维生素D3水平。     

原发性胆汁性胆管炎25-(OH)维生素D、AMA-M2、ALP、IgM相关性研究

目的分析原发性胆汁性胆管炎与25-(OH)维生素D、抗线粒体抗体M2(AMA-M2)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)间的相关性。方法收集2018年1月至2019年12月28例本院原发性胆汁性胆管炎患者(A组)、20例肝硬化患者(B组)、20例健康体检(C组)进行研究,均检测抗线粒体抗体、25-(OH)维生素D、IgM、ALP等指标,对比研究分析检验结果。结果 (1)A组AMA、AMA-M2阳性率高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)三组受检者间25-(OH)维生素D、IgM、ALP水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);A组与B组间AST水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论原发性胆汁性胆管炎与25-(OH)维生素D、AMA-M2、ALP、IgM间有着密切关系,联合检测比单一的指标检测,能更好地为临床争取早期诊断、治疗,提供新的思路和科学依据,建议临床推广应用。