抗癌药用植物猫人参(Actinidia macrosperma)离体再生系统的建立

中药猫人参,又名大籽猕猴桃,是著名抗癌药用植物,其野生资源已近枯竭。本文选用猫人参的茎段(至少带一个节)、叶片作为外植体,筛选出了适合猫人参从启动、快繁直至生根等各个阶段的最适培养基,在实验室建立了程序简单、重复性好的再生系统,实现了猫人参组培苗的快速繁殖。以茎段作为外植体效果较好,既容易消毒,同时又能很快诱导腋芽萌发;以叶片作为外植体,能成功诱导出愈伤组织,但此愈伤组织的分化能力极低。以茎段作为外植体获得的无菌培养物在不同发育阶段适宜的培养基组成:外植体启动培养基为MS+BA 5 μmol/L+NAA 1 μmol/L;最适增殖培养基为MS+BA2 μmol/L+GA 1.5 μmol/L+ZT 4μmol/L,35 d繁殖系数为9-10;最适生根培养基为1/2MS+IBA 2μmol/L,生根率达1 00％,培养35 d,平均苗高6.28cm,平均移栽成活率为91％。     

松质骨中两种纵波的传播特性分析

基于松质骨的层状模型，利用Schoenberg理论分析了松质骨中两种纵波(快纵波和慢纵波)的传播特性；并在理论和实验上详细分析了骨小梁方向与传播方向间的夹角对松质骨中快纵波和慢纵波传播特性的影响。分析结果表明，当超声波平行于骨小梁入射时，松质骨中两种纵波都传播，入射角度在60度附近时，松质骨中两种纵波的相速度曲线有一个转折点，入射角度在60度以上，角度越大时，骨髓和骨小梁耦合得越紧，因此阻止了慢纵波的传播，而只有快纵波传播。     

生物组织光传播特性的研究

光在组织中传播与组织的光学性质有关。折射率是组织光学性质最基本的参数,用来评价组织改变光线行进方向的参量。本文以菲涅耳公式为理论依据,尝试用空气—组织界面的反射率、生物组织薄膜的反射率和生物组织反射光的偏振分量,推算生物组织的折射率。 本文还探测了组织的前向散射和后向漫射分布。     

生化过程工程与中药现代化

在生化工程20余年的研究工作基础上。结合中药现代化开展了一些技术、材料与设备的研究开发工作。研究植物细胞、组织、器官大规模培养增殖技术，应用于细胞代谢产物、生物转化和人工育种及发根，实现了工厂化生产，并成功研制多种类型的生物反应器；在原有化学工程提取分离技术的基础上，发展了反应分离耦合、微波辅助提取等新技术，实现了高效浸出，并且节能、节水；此外，又发展了包括反胶团萃取、一步三相萃取青霉素、泡沫分级分离、膜分离、高速逆流色谱分离纯化等新技术。高速逆流色谱技术是一种没有固相载体的液一液多级逆流萃取技术，避免了不可逆吸附，已成功用于多种天然产物的分析和分离，作为研究中药指纹图谱的新方法具有很好的精密度和重现性。高效液相色谱、气相色谱、毛细管电泳、质谱等技术在指纹图谱研究中发挥了重要作用。与此同时，还研制了多种分离介质，并在药物的修饰与包埋方面做了大量工作。另外，在海洋药物研究领域，创造了连续培养连续采收的新流程、新技术．进行了转基因藻的培养。用于生产基因工程产品。     

桔梗扦插繁殖试验

对桔梗进行扦插繁殖试验，结果看出：用茎基部作插条的成活率最高（５２．２３％），茎梢部作插条成活率很低（１．１１％）；用激素处理可大大提高插条的成活率，其中ＮＡＡ（萘乙酸）１００ｐｐｍ处理３ｈ最显著，比对照组提高２３．３３％；扦插基质湿度过大，会引起插条腐烂。     

新疆雪莲胚芽的组织培养和植株再生

目的:以新疆雪莲胚芽为外植体,建立一套新疆雪莲快速繁殖技术。方法:以MS培养基为基本培养基,通过研究植物生长物质BA和NAA对丛生芽的分化、丛生芽的增殖和生根的影响找出相应的最佳生长物质组合。结果:在附加NAA0.02-0.1mg·L^-1和BA2mg·L^-1的MS培养基上,所有的胚芽都可在45d内诱导出丛生芽;丛生芽切成小块后接入含NAA0.1-0.2mg·L^-1和BA2-3mg·L^-1的培养基中,都可在30d快速增殖;在含0.4mg·L^-1NAA的大量元素减半的MS培养基中,92%的不定芽可在25d内生根;再生植株移栽后,生长较好,成活率达70%。结论:新疆雪莲的胚芽可通过不定芽途径高频率的形成植株。     

土茯苓离体快繁研究

以土茯苓Smilax glabra Roxb根状茎侧芽的生长锥为外植体,以MS、3/2MS、B5和改良H等培养基为基本培养基,附加不同浓度的植物生长调节剂进行离体培养研究.结果表明:外植体在MS 6-BA 1.0 mg/L NAA 0.1 mg/L培养基上芽的萌动速度较快;萌动芽在MS 6-BA 1.0 mg/L NAA 0.1 mg/L 10%CM(椰子汁)培养基上丛生芽诱导和增殖的效果最佳;3/2MS 6-BA 0.05 mg/L 4%蔗糖培养基的壮苗效果较好;H NAA 0.5 mg/L培养基的生根率可达94%以上;以沙和泥炭土各1/2为基质移栽试管苗,成活率达到95%以上.     

Automated Delineation of the Normal Urinary Bladder on Planning CT and Cone Beam CT

PurposeTo quantify the volumetric effect of delineation variability when using manual versus semiautomated tools to contour the normal bladder on planning computed tomography (CT) and cone beam CT.MethodsFollowing research ethics board approval, 10 prostate cancer patients were selected. For each patient, one pretreatment cone beam CT (CBCT) was randomly selected from the first treatment week and registered to the planning CT (planCT). Model-based auto adaptation was used to delineate the outer bladder (OB) surface for the planCT. That contour was then propagated and manually adapted onto the CBCT. A second observer delineated OB for the planCT and CBCT using typical manual methods. These delineation procedures were repeated four times on each image set, with observers blinded to the previous contours. Metrics of volumetric, geometric, and overlap concordance were used to compare the manual and automated OB contours.ResultsThe mean pairwise difference between the manual and model-based planCT volumes was 4 cm³ (2%), and the model-based contours exhibited approximately half the observer variation of the manual ones (3 cm³, 2%). The mean of pairwise differences between the manual and propagated CBCT volumes was 13 cm³ (8%), but the propagated contours exhibited approximately half the observer related volume variation (11 cm³, 6%). Small CBCT bladder volumes displayed larger observer variation with manual methods (r², −0.640). Variability between the automated contours was significantly smaller than for the corresponding manual observations (P = .004 and .002, respectively). Metrics of three-dimensional overlap concordance indicated excellent agreement within and between the delineation methods. Automated CBCT contours were significantly smoother than the manual ones (surface sphericity index, 1.29 vs. 1.35; P = .03).ConclusionsVolumetric, geometric, and overlap metrics all indicated that planCT and CBCT automated OB contours fell within the range of manually delineated contours. The CBCT propagated contours were significantly smoother and associated with smaller intraobserver variability, compared with manual contours. Importantly, the findings from this research suggest that contour propagation may be more robust than manual delineation, especially in the presence of poor image quality.     

Effect of 99 GHz continuous millimeter wave electro-magnetic radiation on E. coli viability and metabolic activity

Purpose:?To investigate time exposure dependence of continuous millimeter wave (CW) 99?GHz radiation on Escherichia coli bacterial cell viability and metabolic activity.

Materials and methods:?Suspensions of E. coli bacterial cells with an optical density of OD_660nm?=?0.1 were used for viability tests and OD_660nm?=?1.0 for metabolic activity tests. These suspensions were exposed to 99?GHz CW electromagnetic radiation, generated by a Backward Wave Oscillator (BWO) tube base instrument with a horn antenna at the BWO exit, to obtain an almost ideal Gaussian beam. Calculations of the Gaussian beam show that a power of 0.2?mW/cm² was obtained at the bacterial plane.

Results:?The experimental results show that 1 hour of exposure to 99?GHz CW electromagnetic radiation had no effect on E. coli viability and colony characterisation. In 19?h of radiation, the number of colonies forming units was half order of magnitude higher than the sham-exposed and the control. However, 19?h of exposure did not affect the E. coli metabolic activity.

Conclusions:?Exposure of E. coli to millimeter wave (MW) CW 99?GHz radiation for a short period did not affect the viability of E. coli bacterial cells. However, exposure for 19?h caused a slight proliferation but did not influence the metabolic activities of about 90 biochemical reactions that were examined. Hence, we assume that the slight proliferation (half order of magnitude) after 19?h of exposure dose not have a biological meaning.