面肌痉挛微血管减压术中隐匿性责任血管的辨别及处理

目的 探讨面肌痉挛微血管减压术中隐匿性责任血管的辨认和处理方法.方法 回顾性分析青岛市立医院85例面肌痉挛微血管减压术中7例隐匿性责任血管的面肌痉挛病人的临床资料.7例术中探查时未发现直接压迫面神经出脑干端(REZ)的责任血管,但在REZ近颅底侧发现游离状微血管随脑波动压迫REZ,我们采用了Teflon棉包绕REZ减压法,阻止血管对REZ的波动性压迫.结果 7例隐匿性责任血管,均为小脑前下动脉或其分支.术后6例症状立即缓解,1例发作减少,但2个月后完全缓解,随访半年以上无复发.结论 微血管减压术是面肌痉挛的首选治疗方法,术中找到责任血管,特别是隐匿性责任血管,合理解除REZ的压迫是手术疗效的保证.     

神经性高血压病因及外科治疗的临床研究

报告神经性高血压 2 85例 ,其中伴三叉神经痛者 2 65例、面肌痉挛者 1 3例、舌咽神经痛者 7例 ,采用局麻耳后小切口开颅 ,行三叉神经、面神经及舌咽神经血管减压术或三叉神经感觉根部分切断术等 ,对部分三叉神经痛病人行术前、术后 2 4h尿儿茶酚胺测定 ,发现伴高血压者术后较术前明显下降 ,术后颅神经症状解除 ,高血压得以控制。认为神经性高血压与疼痛刺激和情绪紧张有明显关系。从临床初步观察来看 ,与左右侧手术及是否探查延髓左侧、Ⅸ、Ⅹ神经无明显关系     

刘桂颖治疗感冒后咳嗽临床经验

[目的]总结刘桂颖主任运用疏风解痉止咳法为主治疗感冒后咳嗽(post-cold cough,PCC)的临床经验。[方法]通过跟师临诊,分析刘师对PCC病因病机的认识,阐述疏风解痉止咳法、扶正固本法等在临床实践中的运用依据,对刘师特色用药经验进行总结,并附临床案例加以验证。[结果]刘师认为PCC的病因病机主要为感冒后正气虚弱,无力御邪外出,导致风邪留恋,风邪夹带寒、热、湿等邪气侵犯机体,肺失宣降,肺气上逆,遗留咳嗽。针对其病因病机,采用疏风解痉止咳为主,结合扶正固本、清热化痰等治疗原则,用药轻灵,性宜平和,选用旋覆花、苦杏仁、麻黄等,临床疗效卓著。所列病案为刘师治疗PCC的典型案例,患者证属风邪留恋、脾虚湿盛,治以疏风解痉、健脾化湿,方用“疏风解痉止咳方”加味,获得良效。[结论]刘桂颖主任运用疏风解痉止咳法为主治疗PCC的临床经验,立法清晰,用药讲究,特色鲜明,值得学习效法。     

Qianzheng powder for the treatment of primary Hemifacial spasm: A protocol for systematic reviews and meta-analysis

Background:Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a clinical common neurological disease, its main performance for 1 side or 2 sides muscles (the orbicularis oculi muscle, expression, orbicularisoris muscles) recurrent paroxysmal, involuntary twitching, aggravating when excited or nervous, more severe cases of the disease may include difficulty in opening the eyes, crooked corners of the mouth, and twitching noises in the ears, etc.^[1] Early manifestations of the disease are intermittent mild convulsions of the orbicularis oculi muscle, and then gradually spread to 1 side of the facial muscles, such as frowning muscles, nasal muscles, buccinalis muscles, etc, especially the most obvious spasms of the oral muscles, which can involve the ipsilateral platysma muscle in severe cases, with each twitch for a few seconds to a few minutes. The disease will affect the quality of life such as speaking, eating, seeing and so on, and even cause psychological effects such as inferiority, anxiety and depression. At present, the incidence of the disease in China is 11 per 1.1 million, females are more common than males. There are many ways to treat HFS, but the Qianzheng powder has a unique advantage in treating this disease. Therefore, our systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qianzheng powder in the treatment of Primary Hemifacial spasm, and to provide a reliable basis for clinical decision makers.Methods:From its inception until April 2021, we will search electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China Biomedical Literature Database, China Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and China Scientific Journals Database. The authors will independently sift through studies, extract data information, and assess methodological quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. The RevManV. 5.3 software will be used for statistical analysis.Results:The results of this study, which will be published in a peerreviewed journal, will evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qianzheng powder in the treatment of primary Hemifacial spasm.Conclusion:This systematic review will provide reliable evidence-based basis for treating primary Hemifacial spasm with Qianzheng powder.INPLASY Registration number:INPLASY202130037.     

外伤性血尿患者膀胱痉挛的护理干预

目的探讨护理干预对降低外伤性血尿患者膀胱痉挛发生率的作用.方法回顾性分析昆明市延安医院2010年4月至2012年9月之间不同方式护理干预处理的外伤性血尿147例患者的护理经验.结果改进护理措施处理78例患者中有18例发生过膀胱痉挛,发生率为23%;采用常规护理措施的69例患者中计有27例发生过膀胱痉挛,发生率为39%.两者相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论改进护理干预可有效降低外伤性血尿患者膀胱痉挛的发生率.     

A Phase II Study of Biodegradable Stents Plus Palliative Radiotherapy in Oesophageal Cancer

AimsSelf-expanding metal stents provide rapid improvement of dysphagia in oesophageal cancer but are associated with complications. The aim of the present study was to test the effectiveness of an alternative treatment of combining biodegradable stents with radiotherapy.Materials and methodsA Simon two-stage single-arm prospective phase II trial design was used to determine the efficacy of biodegradable stents plus radiotherapy in patients with dysphagia caused by oesophagus cancer who were unsuitable for radical treatment. Fourteen patients were recruited and data from 12 were included in the final analyses.ResultsFive of 12 patients met the primary end point: one stent-related patient death; four further interventions for dysphagia within 16 weeks of stenting (41.7%, 95% confidence interval 15.2–72.3%). The median time to a 10-point deterioration of quality of life was 2.7 weeks. Nine patients died within 52 weeks of registration. The median time to death from any cause was 15.0 weeks (95% confidence interval 9.6–not reached).ConclusionThe high re-intervention observed, which met the pre-defined early stopping criteria, meant that the suggested alternative treatment was not sufficiently effective to be considered for a larger scale trial design. Further work is needed to define the place of biodegradable stents in the management of malignant oesophageal strictures.     

Terlipressin (Triglycyl-Lysine Vasopressin) Controls Acute Bleeding Oesophageal Varices: A Double-Blind,Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

The haemostatic effect of terlipressin (triglycyl-lysine vasopressin; Glypressin^®) on bleeding from oesophageal varices was evaluated in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Patients with clinically suspected liver cirrhosis were included in the study if they had been admitted to hospital with an extensive haemorrhage within the last 24 h before diagnostic endoscopy. The patients randomized after stratification for severity of liver disease. Terlipressin or placebo was administered as intravenous bolus injections every 4th h during a period of 24 to 36 h or until the clinical course necessitated active intervention (failure or withdrawal). Sixty patients entered the study; 31 patients were allocated to receive terlipressin, and 29 patients to receive placebo. Bleeding from varices was arrested in 28 of the 31 receiving terlipressin, as compared with 17 of the 29 receiving placebo (p < 0.01). Patients receiving active drug required significantly fewer blood transfusions (p < 0.05). Most of the side effects were classified as mild and were registered in the terlipressin group.     

Replacement of tenofovir with adefovir may result in reactivation of hepatitis B virus replication

Ten investigations of acid reflux by means of 12-hour continuous pH monitoring at the distal end of the oesophagus, and 10 acid-clearing tests were performed within 6 weeks on the same volunteer with the purpose of examining the reproducibility of the results of these tests. Intragastric pH was studied over 12 hours and proved to be under 3 during the whole period of investigation. For the acid reflux test the coefficient of variation was 0.61-0.94, depending on the criteria for reflux. For the acid-clearing test the coefficient of variation was 0.22. For both tests the results of the separate investigations varied within normal ranges.