冠状动脉造影与冠心病的临床诊断分析

目的：观察冠状动脉造影与冠心病的临床诊断符合率。方法：将１６４例临床诊断为冠心病患者经冠状动脉造影（ＣＡＧ）与临床进行对比分析。结果：确诊冠心病１２０例,诊断符合率为７３．２％。其中除冠脉痉挛或溶栓成功或自溶８例,Ｘ综合征５例。尚有４４例误诊,占２６．８％,主要是高血压性心脏病、心肌病、心律失常等。结论：严格掌握心胶痛标准是冠心病诊断正确的关键。     

面肌痉挛病因学机制的实验研究

目的 建立面肌痉挛动物（ＨＦＳ）模型,探讨其病因及发病机理。方法 ２８只新西兰大白兔随机分为模型组和对照组,采用颞浅动脉压人为脱髓鞘变的外周面神经主干的方法复制ＨＦＳ动物模型,术后３、６周分别通过电生理技术透发异常肌反应（ＡＭＲ）。结果 术后３周各组动物均未诱发ＡＭＲ,术后６周在模型组动物上诱发ＡＭＲ,而对照组动物仍无ＡＭＲ。结论 动脉压迫面神经是ＨＦＳ的发病原因,建立合适的ＨＦＳ动物模型为进一步     

内窥镜辅助下显微神经血管减压术治疗 特发性偏侧面肌痉挛

目的为进一步提高神经血管减压术治疗特发性偏侧面肌痉挛的疗效。方法经乙状窦后小骨窗开颅加用内窥镜辅助显微血管减压术治疗特发性偏侧面肌痉挛３５例。结果术后３４例症状消失,１例症状减轻,３５例随访６个月至３年半,术后面肌抽搐消失者３３例,１例症状减轻,１例１年后复发。结论内窥镜可弥补手术显微镜的不足之处,减少组织损伤和判断错误,提高治疗效果。     

The provocation of coronary arterial spasm in patients with recent transmural myocardial infarction

Provocative tests for coronary spasm were performed in a groupof 131 patients (124 men and 7 women) with recent (<6 weeks)transmural myocardial infarction. Coronary arteriography wasperformed 27±9 days after the onset of the infarction.The provocative test was performed using a single IV bolus of0.4 mg of ergometrine. Aortic pressure, ECG and arteriogramsof the two coronary vessels were repeated 3 and 5 min later.Provoked spasm was observed in 27 (21%) of the patients. In13 (48%) the coronary spasm occurred in a vessel presumed tobe responsible for the myocardial infarction, while it was observedin coronary artery unrelated to the area of the infarct in 14(52% of the cases with spasm). Thus, this study demonstratesa high degree of reactivity of the coronary tree of patientswith recent transmural myocardial infarction suggesting thelikelihood of a role for spasm in the infarction process andoffering some explanation for subsequent recurrent ischemicevents.     

Arterial spasm as a finding intimately associated with the onset of vascular headache

Summary A patient with migraine headaches of the cluster variant type is presented in whom vasospasm of the middle cerebral artery, the anterior cerebral artery and the internal carotid artery triggered a pain episode identical in character and severity to the headaches which had led to her investigation. Vasospasm associated with the painful phase of headache in this case conflicts with the more accepted theory that the pain phase of a vascular headache is related to vasodilatation of cerebral or extracerebral vessels. The literature is reviewed.     

The clinical utility of provocative radionuclide oesophageal transit in the evaluation of non-cardiac chest pain

We combined edrophonium provocative testing with the technique of radionuclide oesophageal transit (RET) in 30 consecutive patients with non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP) and 12 controls. The oesophageal transit time of aqueous technetium-99m sulfur colloid was determined before and after intravenous infusion of 80 g/kg edrophonium chloride (ED). Patient symptoms during provocative RET (P-RET) were recorded. Thirteen (43%) of the patients had abnormal study results, whereas all control subjects had normal results. Three groups considered abnormal were observed: (a) in two patients (6%), the pain was reproduced and transit pre- and post-ED administration was prolonged (>15 s); (b) in six patients (20%), the pain was reproduced, but transit was normal pre- and post-ED; (c) in five patients (17%), transit pre- and post-ED was prolonged, but no pain was reproduced. In five patients (17%), ED prolonged the transit time > 15 s without pain, but the baseline transit was normal. Transit time was measurable in 23 patients. Mean pre-ED transit time was 10.2 ± 7.4 s (mean ± SD) and post-ED, 12.4 ± 8.0 s (P=0.3). We conclude that ED has no significant effect on transit time, and the pain induced by ED rarely correlates with an abnormal transit; P-RET provides additional information to baseline RET, increasing sensitivity, and may be a useful screening method in the evaluation of patients with NCCP.     

Gastrostomy and oesophagoplasty with a flap from the greater curvature of the stomach as stages of surgical and combined treatment of cancer of the thoracic oesophagus

Four-hundred fifty-eight patients with cancer of the oesophagus were subjected to revisional laparotomy. Metastases into subphrenic lymph nodes were registered in 24% of the cases with a tumor in the bronchial segment; 42% with tumor in the subbronchial segment; 48% with tumor in the retropericardial segment; 71% with tumors in the sub-, intra-, and supraphrenic segments of the oesophagus. In 345 cases, laparotomy was followed by tube gastrostomy (Beck—Carrel method) with two operative deaths. Fifty-six patients in good condition with a small tumor in the middle part of the oesophagus (≤5 cm) without any abdominal metastases were subjected to primary oesophagoplasty: a 30–32-cm tube was formed out of the greater curvature of the stomach and placed retrosternally; gastrostomy was performed on the level of the thyroid cartilage (without any operative deaths). In two weeks, extirpation of the thoracic part of the oesophagus (with preoperative irradiation) was performed on patients with no abdominal metastases. Then the patients with primary oesophagoplasty were subjected to oesophago-gastrostomy of the neck. From six to 12 months following the combined treatment, the gastrostomy tube of 45 patients was lengthened to 30–32 cm and used for retrosternal oesophagoplasty (six operative deaths). Oesophagoplasty was performed on 14 patients during the extirpation of the oesophagus (six operative deaths).     

穴位注射治疗面肌痉挛的疗效观察

目的　观察 A型肉毒毒素穴注治疗面肌痉挛疗效和不良反应。方法　将 90例患者随机分为两组 ,穴注组 4 5例采用A型肉毒毒素穴位注射 ,针刺组 4 5例采用针刺治疗。结果　穴注组有效率、治愈率同针刺组相比差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论　针刺治疗面肌痉挛有效 ,A型肉毒毒素穴注的应用更显著地提高了疗效。     

Communicating oesophageal duplication

Oesophageal duplications are rare congenital abnormalities. Most of them do not communicate with the oesophageal lumen. We present a very uncommon finding of communicating oesophageal duplication in which the connection between the oesophagus and its duplicate portion was demonstrated by CT.