Juvenile ossifying fibroma: a misgiving tumor of the jaws

Juvenile ossifying fibroma is a rare benign tumour of childhood. It is hardly distinguishable from others fibro-osseous lesions because of their overlapping microscopic features. Juvenile variant of ossifying fibroma may be mistaken for malignancy, particularly osteosarcoma. Radiology is central to their diagnosis because of the very limited nature of the tumour. Microscopically, the lack of cytologic atypia or abnormal mitosis, and the presence of bone maturation or cementum deposits are consistent with an ossifying fibroma. This entity should be kept in mind regarding any bone lesion jaws in children.     

Primary juvenile hyperparathyroidism. Report of 24 cases

AIM OF THE STUDY: Primary hyperparathyroidism usually affects elderly patients. Juvenile primary hyperparathyroidism is rare, and raises diagnostic and prognostic problems. The aim of this retrospective study on 24 patients is to establish clinical, histological, and therapeutic features of juvenile primary hyperparathyroidism. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1986 to 2001, 673 patients were treated for primary hyperparathyroidism in our department. Twenty four patients were younger than 30 years old (3.5%). There were 14 women and 10 men. Mean age was 23 year (14-30). Clinical manifestations, pathologics findings and postoperative results were studied. RESULTS: Sixteen patients presented a sporadic form of primary hyperparathyroidism with a single adenoma. Clinical manifestations were renal symptoms in 11 cases and acute hypercalcemia syndrome in 2 cases. Seven patients had a NEM I syndrome: parathyroid lesions were 6 hyperplasia and one adenoma. A 27 years old woman presented a recurrent familial isolated hyperparathyroidism. She was operated on 10 years before and at reoperation parathyroid carcinoma was found. Nineteen patients were cured after a post operative follow up ranging from 3 to 168 months. One patient had an asymptomatic hypercalcemia recurrence. Two patients presented permanent hypoparathyroidism treated with calcitriol and calcium. CONCLUSION: Sporadic forms represent majority of cases of juvenile hyperparathyroidism. Renal manifestations are usual. Nevertheless, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 has to be evocated.     

2006年河南省南阳市流行性乙型脑炎病毒的分离与分子特征分析

目的在河南省南阳市采集蚊虫标本,进行西尼罗病毒基因检测,分离流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)病毒并分析分离株的分子生物学特征。方法 2006年从南阳市采集蚊虫标本,将标本研磨处理后进行巢式PCR检测西尼罗病毒核酸,用细胞培养法对标本进行病毒分离,通过血清学与分子生物学方法鉴定新分离到的乙脑病毒,扩增分离株PrM和E基因区,使用生物学软件进行序列和系统发生分析。结果共采集蚊虫标本6231只,巢式PCR检测西尼罗病毒结果均为阴性。从标本中分离到7株病毒,经鉴定均为乙脑病毒。基因分型显示7株病毒均为基因Ⅰ型,新分离株在E基因之间的核苷酸同源性为98.5%～100%,氨基酸同源性为98.4%～100%。新分离株与P3株和SA14-14-2的E基因核苷酸同源性分别为87.7%～88.2%和87.3%～87.9%。新分离株与P3株相比存在10个共同氨基酸差异位点,但在决定毒力的关键位点不同于SA14-14-2。结论河南省南阳市2006年乙脑病毒流行株为基因Ⅰ型,毒株的毒力基因没有明显改变,所有标本均未检测到西尼罗病毒阳性。     

Adolescentes victimes d’abus sexuel et trajectoire délinquante : quels facteurs de résilience ?

Introduction

This study concerns resilience related to juvenile delinquency among victims of sexual abuse: sexual abuse has been recognized as a powerful risk factor for the emergence of deviant and criminal behavior.

Objective

Our study aims to explore and highlight the protective factors that prevent victims of sexual abuse from engaging in a delinquent trajectory.

Method

The sample consists of teenage girls who have revealed, at minimum last year, their intergenerational abuse. These girls, all between 12 and 18 years old are divided into sub-groups: the non-offender victims and the victims who are also offenders. Each teenage victim is compared to a normative population on different psychological functioning dimensions: self-esteem (Harter's self-perception profile for adolescents), aggressiveness (the Buss–Perry Aggression questionnaire) and post-traumatic stress, with the Impact of Event scale Revised, (IES-R)-Horowitz. We analyze family characteristics, such as familial attachment and family climate, social characteristics, such as associations with peers, and environmental factors, such as reactions to revelations of sexual abuse, the presence of family and extra-familial resources, psychological care.

Results and conclusion

The results show that teenage victims of sexual assault present lower self-esteem and a negative self-perception in all fields, except for the perception of their attractiveness. Over-investment of this single dimension of self-perception can lead to a sexualization of their relationships with others and expose them to the risk of sexual revictimisation. The comparative analyses between the adolescent delinquent and non-delinquent victims highlight risk factors in connection with setting them off on a delinquent trajectory and protective factors supporting their resilience. The results highlight specific characteristics to the offender juvenile victims supporting a delinquent trajectory: aggressiveness, PTSD, defensive strategy of avoidance and characteristics of abuse (chronicity of abuse). The victim committed in delinquent trajectories presented more aggressiveness, consumeristic behaviour, post-traumatic stress and defensive strategy of avoidance than non-offender victims. Delinquent behaviour, just like substance abuse, could be a strategy of risk avoidance in connection with reliving sexual trauma, which hinders the process of resilience. Compared to the process of resilience, immediate and differed paternal support (during and after the revelations) seems the most important factor of protection. Being able to benefit from psychological councelling and having an extra-familial resource (a significant relationship with someone in the social environment) also constitute factors that support the resilience of these teenagers and prevent them from going down the path of delinquency. The interventions should aim at establishing a therapeutic alliance with these young girls during the early process of revealing the sexual abuse and mobilize and activate the support of the father (when he is not the abuser) or of a meaningful paternal figure as early as possible during the revealing phase and to accompany him in this restructuring function.     

A model of laboratory surveillance for neuro-arbovirosis applied during 2012 in the Emilia-Romagna region,Italy

Arboviruses with neuroinvasive potential are gaining more attention due to the increased number of cases of autochthonous and imported infections in the human host. Diagnosis of infection caused by these viruses in patients with central nervous system (CNS) diseases is still underestimated and these infections represent an emerging threat to public health. We describe a model suitable for the laboratory surveillance of neuro-arbovirosis that was applied in the Emilia-Romagna region, north-eastern Italy, during the 2012 summer season. One hundred and twenty cases of suspected neuroinvasive infection were tested for arboviral agents on the basis of clinical and laboratory signs and epidemiological data. The most common virus detected was Toscana virus (TOSV): anti-TOSV specific antibodies or viral components were detected in 28.3% of the cases; 79.4% of the TOSV cases were in the acute phase of infection. No cases resulted in acute phase for West Nile (WNV), Usutu (USUV), Chikungunya (CHIKV) or Dengue (DENV) virus infection. Conversely, two patients with a history of staying in a tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) endemic area showed a probable TBEV infection. These results emphasize the importance of a complete and →ready to act‘ laboratory diagnostic system to be implemented within the larger frame of a regional integrated surveillance system.