防己茯苓汤加味对预防乳腺癌术后皮下积液疗效观察

目的:观察防己茯苓汤对预防乳腺癌术后皮下积液的疗效。方法:将60例乳腺癌(Ⅰ～Ⅱ期)随机分为实验组(30例)和对照组(30例),实验组病人在常规方法治疗基础上,采用术前3天、术后5天连续服用中药防己茯苓汤,常规组采用常规治疗方法作常规术前准备和乳腺癌改良根治术,观察两组病人术后皮下积液发生率、引流量、引流天数。结果:实验组病人术后皮下积液发病率、引流量、引流天数较对照组明显减少(P<0.05)。结论:中药防己茯苓汤加味有助于预防和减少乳腺癌术后皮下积液,改善预后,促进康复,其机制可能与益气通阳利水、活血祛瘀,清热利湿,改善静脉和淋巴液的回流有关。     

芪桂益脉灵对缺血再灌注大鼠IMA表达的实验研究

目的:观察芪桂益脉灵(QGYML)对急性心肌梗死大鼠缺血修饰性白蛋白(IMA)表达的影响。方法:将Wistar大鼠56只,随机分为7组,其中空白对照组(8只)不做任何处理,而假手术组(8只)大鼠开胸后暴露左冠状动脉,不作结扎,余下40只分别分成缺血再灌注组、缺血预适应组、消心痛组、芪桂益脉灵低剂量组及高剂量组,并将大鼠行冠状动脉左前降支结扎造成急性心肌梗死(AMI)模型,模型成功后,分别予QGYML(大、小剂量,即1g/kg、2g/kg)、异山梨酯(消心痛)(2.7mg/kg)和生理盐水,连续灌服7天。采用固相夹心法酶联免疫吸附测定IMA的表达。结果:芪桂益脉灵高剂量组、低剂量组及消心痛组可明显减少缺血再灌注条件下IMA的含量,与缺血再灌注组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:芪桂益脉灵可抑制缺血再灌注模型中IMA的表达,具有抗心肌缺血损伤的作用。     

转基因食品的快速PCR鉴定

用十六烷基-二甲基-乙基-溴化铵(CTAB)法快速高效地从样品中提取了可供分析的基因组DNA,经PCR扩增,鉴定了含有35S启动子和NOS终止子的转基因样品.该方法的灵敏度可达0.1%,并且具有很好的稳定性.     

加减补肺汤联合甲强龙对IPF大鼠抗氧化作用的影响

目的:观察加减补肺汤联合甲强龙对博来霉素诱导的特发性肺纤维化(IPF)大鼠抗氧化作用,探讨其作用机制。方法:60只SD大鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,甲强龙组(10 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)),加减补肺汤组(100 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)),联合用药1组,联合用药2组,每组10只。除正常组外其余各组大鼠采用气管内一次性滴注博来霉素复制IPF模型(1 mg/只),造模24 h后,开始ig或im给药,持续到处死动物的前1 d,模型组ig等体积的生理盐水。计算IPF大鼠肺系数,观察肺组织形态学改变,测定各组大鼠肺组织匀浆中羟脯氨酸(Hyp),丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性,取固定部位肺组织分别进行苏木素-伊红(HE)染色。结果:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肺泡炎细胞浸润及肺间质纤维化程度明显,肺系数明显升高,肺组织中Hyp,MDA含量明显升高、肺组织中SOD的活性明显降低(P0.05,P0.01);与模型组比较,各给药组均可改善IPF大鼠的生存状态,甲强龙组、加减补肺汤组和联合用药1组可明显改善IPF大鼠肺泡炎细胞浸润及肺间质纤维化程度,显著降低肺系数(P0.01,P0.05),降低肺组织中Hyp,MDA含量、升高肺组织中SOD的活性。结论:联合用药1组对降低IPF大鼠肺组织中肺系数,Hyp和MDA的含量,升高肺组织中SOD活性,优于单独给药,其机制可能是减少脂质过氧化物的释放而达到抗氧化作用。     

加味黄连温胆汤治疗糖尿病无症状心肌缺血的临床观察

目的 观察加味黄连温胆汤治疗糖尿病无症状心肌缺血的临床疗效。方法 将65例患者随机分为两组,对照组（30例）服用单硝酸异山梨酯（欣康片）20mg,每日2次;治疗组（35例）加服加味黄连温胆汤。疗程均为1个月。观察两组治疗前后血糖、糖化血红蛋白、血脂、心肌酶谱、血液流变学、尿白蛋白、血常规、尿常规和肝肾功能,及24h动态心电图监测和心电图平板运动试验等指标。结果 临床总有效率治疗组（88．6％。31／35）和对照组（56．7％,17／30）比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。治疗组治疗后心肌缺血发作频率、发作累计时间、与活动有关发生率均明显低于对照组;血脂、血液流变学方面均较治疗前有明显改善（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）,红细胞聚集指数（RBCAI）、红细胞变形指数（RBCTI）与对照组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。对照组仅全血黏度治疗后有改善（P〈0．05）,其余指标治疗前后比较差异无显著性。结论 加味黄连温胆汤具有改善心肌缺血和血液流变学、降低血脂作用。     

A STUDY COMPARING CHEMICAL PEELING USING MODIFIED JESSNER'S SOLUTION AND 15%TRICHLOROACETIC ACID VERSUS 15% TRICHLOROACETIC ACID IN THE TREATMENT OF MELASMA

Background:

Melasma is a symmetric progressive hyperpigmentation of the facial skin that occurs in all races but has a predilection for darker skin phenotypes. Depigmenting agents, laser and chemical peeling as classic Jessner''s solution, modified Jessner''s solution and trichloroacetic acid have been used alone and in combination in the treatment of melasma.

Objectives:

The aim of the study was to compare the therapeutic effect of combined 15% Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and modified Jessner''s solution with 15% TCA on melasma.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty married females with melasma (epidermal type), with a mean age of 38.25 years, were included in this study. All were of skin type III or IV. Fifteen percent TCA was applied to the whole face, with the exception of the left malar area to which combined TCA 15% and modified Jessner''s solution was applied.

Results:

Our results revealed statistically highly significant difference between MASI Score (Melasma Area and Severity Index) between the right malar area and the left malar area.

Conclusion:

Modified Jessner''s solution proved to be useful as an adjuvant treatment with TCA in the treatment of melasma, improving the results and minimizing postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.     

Tos改良联合进路钛听骨植入鼓室成形的疗效观察*

目的观察符合条件的慢性化脓性中耳炎患者行Tos改良联合入路清理病变并一期植入钛人工听骨行鼓室成形的效果。方法回顾性分析34例在该院施行Tos改良联合入路乳突开放并植入钛人工听骨行鼓室成形的慢性化脓性中耳炎病例,总结患者手术前后听力及影像学特点,观察手术前后言语频率气导听阈变化。结果以术中听骨破坏情况分组,镫骨板上结构缺失组植入全听骨赝复体(TORP)后听力改善(36.25±6.12)dB HL;砧蹬关节中段组植入部分听骨赝复体(PORP)后听力改善(13.18±3.37)dB HL。术后无钛听骨移位、感染,听力改善有效率97.06%(P0.05)。1~3个月全部干耳。结论 Tos改良联合入路鼓室成形并一期植入钛人工听骨能有效地清理中耳病变,尤其是清理后鼓室的隐匿病变,并有效提高听力,术前高分辨率CT(HRCT)发现乳突气化不良,尤其有乙状窦前移、脑板低位和面神经低位等不利于暴露的解剖变异时,可优先选择此术式。     

Are UK hospital pharmacy departments ready for the rise of gene therapy medicinal products?

Introduction: The first gene therapy medicines are licensed and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence approved for use in the NHS. UK Hospital pharmacy departments will need to work with multidisciplinary colleagues to ensure that there are facilities available to handle this new group of medicines.

Areas Covered: UK licensed and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence gene therapy medicinal products (GTMP) and requirements for handling. Review of pharmacy facilities and implementation of advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP) in the UK.

Expert Opinion: Most hospital pharmacy departments do not have aseptic facilities for the reconstitution of gene therapy medicines, or have the appropriate freezers in place. Staff do not have the understanding or training of these products unless they are experienced in using them in clinical trials. Chief Pharmacists will need to ensure that governance process are in place as they will ultimately be responsible for the implementation and safe handling of these product. Therefore, work needs to continue to highlight the importance of pharmacy departments and their role in the implementation of this new group of medicines. As more GTMPs are licensed and become standard medicines being handled in pharmacy departments, there will be more hospital pharmacy departments ready to handle them. Initially it will just be the centers of excellence, ATMP centers, and research centers with the expertise and facilities. In the long-term, other hospitals will plan and build the facilities they require.     

Time Trends in Outcomes After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Over the Past 30 Years

Objective

To analyze trends in mortality rates, functional outcomes, and treatment in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) over the past 3 decades.