38例非小细胞癌脑转移的综合治疗分析

目的探讨非小细胞肺癌脑转移的有效治疗方案.方法对38例非小细胞肺癌脑转移患者进行头部、胸部放疗并结合全身化疗的综合治疗.结果近期疗效的有效率为76.3%(29/38).神经精神症状缓解率73.7%(28/38),肺部症状缓解率60.5%(23/38).1年生存率31.5%(12/38),2 a生存率10.5%(4/38).结论合理采用综合治疗可有效提高非小细胞肺癌脑转移患者的生存率.     

Fricke supraorbital flap for reconstruction of total lower eyelid defects

Summary Split or full thickness eyelid defects resulting from tumor destruction or surgical excision present a dilemma for plastic and reconstructive surgeons. Full thickness eyelid replacement requires composite grafting of the skin, together with tarsal support of its substitute and mucosa. The flap described by Fricke in 1829 was used for reconstruction of anterior lamella in six lower eyelid defects. In three of our cases chondromucosal grafts taken from nasal septum were utilized for posterior lamella repair. The results have been satisfactory from a functional and cosmetic standpoint.     

Antibodies to interleukin-1 inhibit cytokine-induced proliferation of neonatal rat Schwann cells in vitro

Unfractionated cytokines have been shown to induce in vitro proliferation of neonatal rat Schwann cells but the nature of the mitogen(s) is not known. A mixture of rabbit antibodies specific for recombinant interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) inhibited Schwann cell proliferation induced by unfractionated human cytokines whereas antibodies to interleukin-2 (IL-2) and control IgG did not. However, purified human IL-1 and recombinant human IL-1α or β did not induce Schwann cell proliferation on their own.     

来源于骨髓和脐带血的基质细胞基本特性的比较

目的比较骨髓与脐带血细胞体外培养基质细胞的基本特性,为基质细胞的选择应用提供依据.方法用Dexter长期培养体系培养骨髓和脐带血基质细胞,以细胞增殖、细胞形态、细胞化学染色、细胞表面及基质细胞支持另一骨髓细胞形成的鹅卵石造血区(CAFC),长期培养起始细胞(LTC-IC)为指标,比较两者的生长特性、成分及功能.结果①细胞生长特性:出现贴壁细胞时间,骨髓细胞为培养3d,脐带血细胞为培养5～6d;细胞融合成片时间,骨髓细胞为培养10～14d,脐带血细胞为培养12～18d;第21天细胞增殖数,骨髓比脐带血细胞增殖少;②细胞成分:21d培养后细胞成分,骨髓来源者以成纤维细胞为主,其次是巨噬细胞与内皮细胞,脂肪细胞最少;脐带血细胞来源者,以巨噬细胞为主,其次是内皮细胞、成纤维细胞,偶见脂肪细胞;细胞化学与上述结果基本一致;细胞表面抗原检测,CD14、CD45的表达骨髓细胞明显低于脐带血细胞;③细胞功能:骨髓来源的基质细胞较脐带血细胞的基质细胞支持另一骨髓细胞形成的CAFC和LTC-IC明显多.结论①生长特征:形成贴壁细胞时间骨髓较脐带血短,骨髓细胞比脐带血细胞有核细胞数增殖快、持续时间相对短;②细胞成分特性:骨髓来源形成的基质细胞以成纤维细胞为主,脐带血来源者以巨噬细胞为主;③细胞功能特性:骨髓细胞形成的贴壁细胞较脐带血细胞形成的贴壁细胞更利于CAFC、LTC-IC生长.     

The expression of 3-fucosylated-N-acetyl lactosamine carbohydrate determinants in renal tumours

The distribution in renal tumours of 3-fucosyl-N-acetyl lactosamine has been studied by using the monoclonal antibodies AGF 4.36 and AGF 4.48 and immunoperoxidase methods on tissue sections. Seven of 19 nephroblastomas and 12 of 30 renal cell carcinomas contained the epitope. In nephroblastomas the epitope was found on the terminals of type B tubules in six cases and in one case on the type A or neoplastic tubules. In renal carcinoma the antigen was found on the surface of tumour cells. The results suggest that in kidneys bearing nephroblastomas ureteric bud elements may grow into the tumour from the adjacent kidney.     

种植受体血管内皮细胞在异种血管移植中的实验研究

目的　探讨种植受体血管内皮细胞在抗异种血管移植超急排斥反应 (HAR)方面的意义。方法　选用豚鼠→大鼠移植模型 ,先将分离、培养的大鼠动脉内皮细胞种植于去内皮的豚鼠动脉内壁 ,再将此豚鼠动脉植入大鼠体内 ,观察动脉血栓形成时间 ,并采用免疫组化技术检测了 Ig M、C3在移植后豚鼠动脉壁上沉积的情况。结果　已种植大鼠内皮细胞的豚鼠动脉血栓形成时间 (2 0 .3± 4.42 h)较植入大鼠体内的正常豚鼠动脉 (0 .35± 0 .2 84h)以及单纯去内皮豚鼠动脉血栓形成时间 (0 .16 5± 0 .0 77h)显著延长 (P<0 .0 0 1)。免疫组化结果显示 ,植入大鼠体内的正常豚鼠内皮细胞表面有 Ig M和 C3沉积 ,而预先种植大鼠内皮细胞的豚鼠动脉内壁无 Ig M和 C3沉积。结论　在异种供体血管壁上预先种植受者血管内皮细胞 ,可延长移植的异种供体血管通畅时间 ,该技术可能在抗异种血管移植 HAR方面具有重要意义     

Spindle-cell glioblastoma or gliosarcoma?

'Gliosarcomas' have long been considered to be mixed gliomas and sarcomas. The present study failed to define criteria which clearly delineate 'gliosarcomas' from glioblastoma multiforme and suggests that 'gliosarcomas' should be considered as spindle cell glioblastomas. A total of six cases originally diagnosed as 'gliosarcomas' were compared with four cases of glioblastoma multiforme. No clinical or prognostic features were defined which would clearly separate 'gliosarcomas' from glioblastoma multiforme. Macroscopically, biopsies from 'gliosarcomas' ranged from firm, apparently well-circumscribed tumours to poorly circumscribed lesions with a soft consistency resembling glioblastoma multiforme. Histology revealed a continuous spectrum in which 'gliosarcomas' with large reticulin-rich areas of spindle cells merged with typical glioblastomas containing only small islands of spindle cells and reticulin staining. Immunocytochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP); S100 protein and alpha-smooth muscle actin (ASMA) showed that the majority of cells in reticulin-poor areas of 'gliosarcoma' and glioblastomas expressed S100 protein and GFAP; many expressed ASMA and some expressed both GFAP and ASMA. Spindle cells in reticulin-rich areas of 'gliosarcomas' and glioblastomas most frequently expressed ASMA but many cells also expressed S100 protein and GFAP; some cells expressed both GFAP and ASMA. The results of this study and a review of the literature suggests that there is a clinical, radiological and pathological continuum with glioblastoma and 'gliosarcoma' at different ends of the spectrum. It is suggested, therefore, that most, if not all, 'gliosarcomas' be redesignated as spindle cell glioblastomas and not be considered as a mixture of glioma and sarcoma.     

Ischemic rat brain extracts induce human marrow stromal cell growth factor production

Intravenous administration of human bone marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in rats provides functional benefit. We tested the hypothesis that these functional benefits are derived in part from hMSC production of growth and trophic factors. Quantitative sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of hMSCs cultured with normal and MCAo brain extracts were performed. hMSCs cultured in supernatant derived from ischemic brain extracts increased production of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). These neurotrophins and angiogenic growth factors increased in a post‐ischemia time‐dependent manner. The hMSC capacity to increase expression of growth and trophic factors may be the key to the benefit provided by transplanted hMSCs in the ischemic brain.     

Immunoregulatory Factor Released From a Cell Line Derived From Human Decidual Tissue

ABSTRACT: The culture supernatant of the TTK-1 cell line, established from human decidual tissue, was found to contain a factor that strongly suppressed the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). The mechanism of the MLR-suppressive activity as well as the biochemical characterization of this factor was analyzed. The TTK-1 supernatant suppressed the MLR much more strongly than the culture supernatants of the three other malignant cell lines examined. The molecular weight of this factor was estimated to be between 43 kilodaltons (kd) and 67 kd by gel filtration chromatography. The TTK-1 supernatant also suppressed the proliferation of the interleukin 2 (IL-2)-dependent T cell lines, but did not suppress that of the IL-2-independent T cell lines, suggesting that the TTK-1 supernatant inhibited the action of IL-2 and subsequently suppressed the MLR. The fact that the TTK-1 cell line originated from human decidual tissue might imply the important role of this factor in immunological fetomaternal balance.     

二乙酰二脱水卫矛醇对小鼠白血病L1210细胞增殖的影响

目的　研究二乙酰二脱水卫矛醇 (1 ,2 :5 ,6 dianhydro 3 ,4 diacetylgalactitol,DADAG)的抗脑白血病作用及机制。方法　用小鼠脑内移植瘤模型、MTT法、DNA掺入法、流式细胞仪和Westernblot法 ,观察DADAG对小鼠脑内移植瘤和体外白血病L1 2 1 0 细胞的作用 ,并探讨作用机制。结果　DADAG对DBA/ 2小鼠脑内移植白血病L1 2 1 0 有明显的抑制作用 ;对体外白血病L1 2 1 0 细胞同样有很强的抗增殖作用 ,其IC50 值为 2 4 6mg·L- 1 。DADAG不可逆地抑制L1 2 1 0 细胞内DNA的生物合成。DADAG 2 4mg·L- 1 处理L1 2 1 0 细胞 6h后 ,细胞发生G2 /M周期阻滞 ,2 4h后达最高峰。细胞周期素B1 蛋白水平在DADAG处理 2 4h后开始下降 ,而磷酸化的细胞周期依赖性激酶CDK1在DADAG处理 6h后开始上调 ,并呈时间依赖性。结论　DADAG的抗脑白血病作用与其抑制白血病细胞的增殖密切相关