Occult foreign bodies in the aero digestive tracts in infancy

Foreign body impaction in aero digestive tract in infancy is difficult to diagnose sometimes. In this review of five unusual cases of occult foreign body impaction in aero digestive tract has been presented and their management discussed     

鼻异物继发鼻结石6例误诊分析

目的提高基层耳鼻咽喉科医生诊断鼻异物继发鼻结石的能力。方法对本院误诊的6例鼻异物继发鼻结石患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果6例鼻异物继发鼻结石均为单侧性,外观呈白色或灰白色,其中鼻腔额外牙3例,鼻腔外生性异物存留2~11年3例。误诊为慢性鼻炎3次以上6例,慢性鼻窦炎4例,鼻前庭炎3例,鼻腔肿瘤2例,支气管炎1例。内镜下确诊4例,额镜下确诊2例。6例均在前鼻镜或内镜下1次取出。结论单侧鼻腔白色或灰白色新生物伴分泌物持续或恶臭味、鼻前庭糜烂应首先考虑鼻异物继发鼻结石。     

玻璃体切除术在眼内异物摘出中的应用

目的评价玻璃体切除术治疗眼内异物伤的效果及影响因素。方法对行玻璃体切除联合眼内异物摘出的５１７例（５３３只眼）住院患者进行回顾性研究。结果眼内异物摘出率为９７．６％，术后有用视力（本组为０．０５～０．４）由术前的１２．５％增至２３．２％，良好视力（本组为≥０．５）由７．２％增至１７．０％（Ｐ＜０．００５）。当异物位于前段、玻璃体、视网膜时，术后有用视力增加率分别为４４．４％、２５．１％、１０．７％，良好视力增加率分别为２６．３％、１２．７％、２．７％。结论通过玻璃体切除术有利于摘出眼内异物和提高术后视力，解决异物存留的并发症     

Uptake of the Heinz body-producing agent aniline by human red cells during in vitro incubation

The uptake of ³H-labeled aniline by intact red cells was examined in 10 adults and 10 newborn infants to investigate its possible role in the enhanced production of Heinz bodies in newborns. During in-vitro incubation red cells from newborns showed an increased uptake of aniline, which after 30 min reached an almost constant level. Calculated for the single cell, there is a higher uptake in erythrocytes from newborns than in adult red cells (factor 1.59). The difference is still significant when equal volumes are taken into account (factor 1.26).     

Fabry's disease without angiokeratomas showing unusual eccrine gland vacuolation.

An unusual case of Anderson-Fabry's disease with renal damage and bilateral corneal deposits but without angiokeratomas is presented. Diagnosis was made by renal biopsy. Typical foamy transformation of endothelium, mesangium, tubular epithelial cells, vascular smooth muscle, and fibroblasts of kidney biopsy and similar changes of myoepithelial, perineural, and endothelial cells on the skin biopsy were observed. At electron microscopy, 'fingerprint-like' myelin figures were seen. The epithelial cells of eccrine sweat glands showed striking vacuolation but myelin figures were not seen. We suggest that electron microscopic study of skin biopsies is indicated in the evaluation of patients clinically suspected of having Fabry's disease.     

In vivo monastral blue-induced lamellar-bodies in lysosomes of pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs) of bovine lung: Implications of the surface coat

We previously reported that the pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs) of sheep, goat, and calf lung contained a heparin and a lipolytic lipase sensitive surface coat by using tannic acid as a component of paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde-based fixative. The implication of this sensitivity was that the surface coat was predominantly comprised of lipoprotein-like substance. In this study we report that monastral blue (MB) used as a vascular tracer interacted with the coat globules and lost its original particulate appearance. Its precise localization in the PIMs was in combination with altered macromolecules of the surface coat in the form of lipid droplets, which conformed to the conventional view of neutral lipids. In contrast, pigment particles examined in their native state resembled metalic particles as electron-dense eliptical rods. The lipid droplets were subsequently internalized through endocytic route and found their access into the lysosomal compartments of PIMs at the electron microscopic level. Lamellar bodies (LLBs) arose from the lysosomal matrix after the entry of lipid droplets in the secondary lysosomes. Acid phosphatase activity was located in secondary lysosomes as well as in endosomes. These observations suggest that coat granules of the PIMs acted as a carrier of exogenous MB particles to deliver the complex to the lysosomal compartment where partial digestion lead to the formation of lamellar bodies. The implications of MB (cationic dye) as a vascular tracer for studying phagocytic index of PIMs in the light of their coat and the rapid development of LLBs are discussed. It is proposed that MB by initially combining with the surface coat provokes mobilization of intracellular lipid pools. In this way metabolism of vasoactive lipid in the PIMs is stimulated to influence the dynamics of pulmonary circulation in the calves.© Willey-Liss, Inc.     

眼外伤性病变的影像学诊断

回顾性分析６８例（８０眼）眼外伤的Ｘ线平片、Ｂ超、ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ资料，比较其对眼外伤性病变的诊断价值。８０只伤眼中５７眼合并眼部异物，在合并的６９枚眼眶部异物中非磁性异物６５枚，磁性异物４枚。Ｘ线平片、Ｂ超、ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ对６９枚异物（眼球内４８枚，眼球壁１３枚，球后６枚，眼睑２枚）诊断的阳性率分别为４９％、７４％、９１％和９０％。６枚球壁和邻近球壁异物Ｘ线平片定位错误。ＭＲＩ诊断伤后１０～６２ｄ眼内出血１３眼，Ｂ超诊断４眼，ＣＴ未诊断１眼。Ｂ超诊断玻璃体混浊５８眼，ＭＲＩ和ＣＴ分别诊断３３眼和１１眼。４０眼外伤性白内障经Ｂ超、ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ分别诊断２０眼、２１眼和１８眼。ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ诊断２例球后脓肿，而Ｂ超未能诊断。ＣＴ诊断４例眼眶骨折，Ｘ线平片和ＭＲＩ各诊断２例。结果提示：ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ是检出眶内异物的最有效方法，Ｂ超主要适用于眼内和眼球壁异物的诊断；ＭＲＩ可检出Ｘ线平片和ＣＴ不能显示的少数非金属异物和较小铁异物；ＭＲＩ诊断眼内亚急性和慢性期出血优于ＣＴ和Ｂ超；ＣＴ诊断眶壁骨折优于ＭＲＩ和Ｘ线平片；Ｂ超诊断玻璃体混浊优于ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ     

Monoclonal antibody labels olfactory and visual pathways in Drosophila and Apis brains

We employed a monoclonal antibody raised against Drosophila brain homogenate for a comparative immunocytochemical analysis of visual and olfactory pathways in brains of two insect species. On Western blots of Drosophila and Apis nervous tissue, antibody fb45 recognized an antigen with an apparent molecular weight higher than 180 kD. Application of the antibody to sections of Drosophila and Apis brain stained certain interneurons which conspicuously fasciculate in common tracts or neuropilar compartments. Both in Drosophila and in Apis, the antigen was also expressed on the perineural sheath and granular cell compartments in the majority of neuronal cell bodies. The antibody stained monopolar cells in the visual system of both species, and in Apis those fibers of the anterior superior optic tract which link the medulla with the mushroom bodies. In Drosophila, bundles of Kenyon cells of the mushroom bodies were stained. In worker bees and drones, the relay neurons of the median and lateral antennoglomerular tracts were labelled. Since the recognition of the antigen does not require fixation, the antibody can be employed to label selectively living neurons in dissociated cell culture. This opens up the possibility for future functional studies on the role of the antigen in vitro. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Percutaneous retrieval of a surgical laparotomy sponge from the peritoneal cavity

Percutaneous retrieval of an extravascular foreign bodyis an uncommon procedure. This report describes the successful retrieval of a 46 X 46-cm laparotomy sponge from the peritoneal cavity using a Nitinol Gooseneck Snare system. This technique can eliminate the need for exploratory surgery and may be particularly useful in poor operative candidates.     

新型热致型液晶苯代聚芳醚酮的单畴液晶行为

通过偏光显微镜研究了在外力场作用下新型热致型液晶苯代聚芳醚酮的向列相单畴液晶行为。结果表明，聚合物在剪切力作用下形成条带织构，强外力场能使介晶基元沿基质表面平行排列，形成均匀织构的单畴区。由于裂纹的存在，观察到了四条和六条黑刷的纹影织构。