IL-4与IL-10联合诱导异种骨移植免疫耐受的体外研究

目的　探讨 IL - 4和 IL - 10在诱导异种骨移植免疫耐受中的作用。方法　反应细胞为 BAL B/c小鼠脾淋巴细胞 ,刺激细胞为新西兰白兔血淋巴细胞 ,刺激抗原为兔骨上清液。采用经典的混合淋巴细胞培养法及骨上清液与淋巴细胞混合培养法作为异种骨移植的体外实验模型。在各培养液中分别加入 IL - 4、IL - 10及两者联合应用 ,通过测定其 3H- Td R掺入率 ,观察不同细胞因子对刺激淋巴细胞增殖的影响。结果　无论在细胞刺激组还是骨上清液刺激组 ,IL- 4对淋巴细胞增殖均有显著抑制作用 (P<0 .0 0 1和 P<0 .0 5 ) ,IL- 10未表现出抑制作用 (P>0 .0 5 )。在两组 IL- 4和 IL - 10联合应用均产生比 IL - 4单独应用更为明显的细胞增殖抑制作用 (P<0 .0 0 1和 P<0 .0 5 )。结论　 IL - 4对由细胞或骨上清液刺激产生的淋巴细胞增殖均有很好的抑制作用 ,IL- 10没有表现出抑制作用 ;IL- 4与 IL- 10联合应用有协同抑制作用。     

Association between cord blood IgE and genetic polymorphisms of interleukin-4, the β-subunit of the high-affinity receptor for IgE, lymphotoxin-α, and tumor Necrosis factor-α

High cord blood immunoglobulin E (cbIgE) is known to be associated with increased risks of atopic diseases in childhood. The relationship between genetic polymorphisms and high cbIgE has not been well documented. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the association between cbIgE and genetic polymorphisms of interleukin (IL)-4 -590C/T, the beta-subunit of the high-affinity receptor for IgE (FcepsilonRI-beta) E237G, lymphotoxin (LT)-alphaNcoI alleles, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha -308G/A. A total of 320 mother-neonate pairs were recruited from four maternity hospitals from different locations of Taiwan. Cord blood was obtained and assayed for cbIgE. Polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to assess the genotypes. Three hundred pairs of mothers and neonates were included in the final analysis. Infants with IL-4 -590 C allele were found to have higher risk of elevated cbIgE (> or =0.35 IU/ml, 24.3%) (p = 0.004). After adjusting for gender, birth order, maternal age, and history of allergic disease in maternal and paternal families, odds ratios for CC and CT genotypes were 4.41 and 3.16 (95% confidence interval 0.78-22.67, and 1.66-6.13), respectively, using TT genotype as reference. The genotypes of FcepsilonRI-beta, LT-alpha, and TNF-alpha were not associated with cbIgE before or after the adjustment. Our finding suggested a significant association of cbIgE with genetic polymorphism of IL-4 -590C/T, but not with the genotypes of FcepsilonRI-beta, LT-alpha, and TNF-alpha.     

Asymmetric dimethyl-arginine (ADMA) response to inflammation in acute infections.

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: The endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOs) asymmetrical dimethyl-arginine (ADMA) has been implicated as a possible modulator of inducible NOs during acute inflammation. We examined the evolution in the plasma concentration of ADMA measured at the clinical outset of acute inflammation and after its resolution in a series of 17 patients with acute bacterial infections. RESULTS: During the acute phase of inflammation/infection, patients displayed very high levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin and nitrotyrosine. Simultaneous plasma ADMA concentration was similar to that in healthy subjects while symmetric dimethyl-arginine (SDMA) levels were substantially increased and directly related with creatinine. When infection resolved, ADMA rose from 0.62 +/- 0.23 to 0.80 +/- 0.18 micromol/l (+29%, P = 0.01) while SDMA remained unmodified. ADMA changes were independent on concomitant risk factor changes and inversely related with baseline systolic and diastolic pressure. Changes in the ADMA/SDMA ratio were compatible with the hypothesis that inflammatory cytokines activate ADMA degradation. CONCLUSIONS: Resolution of acute inflammation is characterized by an increase in the plasma concentration of ADMA. The results imply that ADMA suppression may actually serve to stimulate NO synthesis or that in this situation plasma ADMA levels may not reflect the inhibitory potential of this methylarginine at the cellular level.     

免疫抑制因子对佐剂关节炎的影响

目的；研究免疫抑制因子对佐剂关节炎发病的影响。方法：检测对照组与实验组对正常小鼠淋巴细胞转化的影响。结果：脑室注射ＩＬ１的关节炎大鼠在第０、７、１４、２８、３５ｄ的血清具有明显的抑制淋巴细胞转移化的作用。关节炎症状加重，病程延长。结论：免疫抑制蛋白可能参与佐剂关节炎的发病，有可能是造成关节炎的原因之一。     

Inadequate Erythropoietin Response to Anaemia in HIV Patients: Relationship to Serum Levels of Tumour Necrosis Factor-Alpha, Interleukin-6 and Their Soluble receptors

Severe anaemia is a frequent complication in advanced HIV infection. In our study we investigated the interaction between cytokine network, HIV infection and erythropoietin (Epo) response with increasing anaemia levels. No correlations could be established between circulating tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and any of the examined parameters. However, a negative correlation was found between haemoglobin values and soluble TNF receptor levels (sTNF-R-I: r  = −0.54; P  < 0.001; sTNF-R II: r  = −0.47; P  < 0.001) as well as interleukin-6 levels ( r  = −0.29; P  < 0.001). In contrast, no significant increase in log[Epo], counterbalancing haemoglobin decline and paralleling the rise in sTNF receptors, was found. In patients classified as stage III, according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) classification, the erythropoietin response was significantly more impaired than in patients from CDC groups I and II ( P  < 0.001). The results of this study suggest that similar to its action in vitro , activation of the TNF/TNF-R system may impair erythropoietin production in HIV-associated anaemia. Due to the brief half-life of TNF-α, this activation is particularly reflected by elevations of soluble TNF receptor levels.     

Sensory neuropeptides are not directly involved in bronchial hyperresponsiveness induced by interleukin-8 in guinea-pigs in vivo

Background Interleukin-8 (IL-8) hus been shown to be a chemotactic factor for netitrophils, T-lymphocytes and eosinophils. Repeated intranasal administration of IL-8 enhances bronchial responsiveness to inhaled histamine in guinea-pigs. Neuropeptides which arc released trotn C-fibre nerve-endings have been postulated to induce bronchial hyperresponsiveness through neurogenic inflammation. Objective This study was conducted to examine whether sensory neuropeptides are involved in the IL-8-induced bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Methods IL-8 at a dose of 5μg/kg was administered intranasally to guinea-pigs twice a week for 3 weeks. One day after the last administration, animals were anesthetized and artificially ventilaled through tracheal cannula, and lateral pressure at the tracheal cannula (Pao) was measured as an overall index of airway responses lo increasing concentrations of inhaled histamine (25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL). A NKI and NK2 dual antagonist FK224(10mg/kg), a selective NK1 antgonist FK888 (10mg/kg) or vehicle was intravenously administered 10min before measurement of bronchial responsiveness. Result The IL-8 treatment significantly enhanced bronchial responsiveness to histamine (ANOVA P < 0.01). FK224 or FK888 did not alter the IL-8-induced bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Conclusion We conclude that repeated intranasal administratioti of IL-8 causes bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and that neuropeptides such as neurokinin A and substance P do not directly contribute to the development of BHR induced by IL-8.     

羊水粪染与羊膜腔感染的关系

【摘要】 目的 :探讨羊水粪染与羊膜腔感染的关系。方法 :选择未临产且胎膜完整的剖宫产产妇 5 6例 ,根据术中所见羊水性状分为羊水清亮组、羊水Ⅰ～II度粪染组和羊水III度粪染组。于剖宫产术中取羊水用双抗体夹心ELISA法测IL 6含量 ,取胎盘胎膜做病理检查以了解有无炎性细胞浸润 ,并记录新生儿Apgar评分 ,观察产妇术后有无产褥感染。结果 :3组羊水中IL 6含量差异无显著性 ,3组胎盘标本病理检查示炎性细胞浸润之差异亦无显著性 ,而羊水粪染组新生儿窒息发生率较清亮组明显增加 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :羊水粪染尤其是III度粪染是胎儿窘迫的标志 ,而与羊膜腔感染无明显相关性。     

血卟啉在H-22肝癌荷瘤小鼠体内的分布

目的探讨声敏剂血卟啉衍生物在肿瘤组织中的富集情况,以便在给药后超声结合血卟啉治疗肿瘤时选择最佳的超声处理时间。方法H-22肝癌荷瘤小鼠尾静脉注射HpD后,不同时间点取材,采用荧光分光光度法测定不同组织提取液中HpD的荧光强度,研究HpD在不同组织中的分布以及代谢变化。结果给药后2 h肿瘤组织以外的其他各组织内(血浆、肝、肾、皮肤、肌肉)血卟啉含量均达到其代谢过程的最高点,后逐渐下降;肿瘤组织中的HpD含量注射后不断上升,6 h时达到顶峰,随后又开始下降,10~24 h代谢比较缓慢,表现为肿瘤组织中对HpD的滞留作用,24 h时肿瘤组织中的HpD含量高于其他各组织,48~72 h趋于稳定在较低水平。结论提出了不同部位的肿瘤应选择各自适当的时间点进行超声处理。     

血液透滤清除血清IL-6在重症急性胰腺炎治疗中的应用研究

目的探讨血液透滤清除IL-6在重症急性胰腺炎治疗中的作用及机理。方法根据诊断标准对2002年7月至2006年6月来我院就诊的178例重症急性胰腺炎患者随机分组：血滤组（HF组）85人,非血滤组（NHF组）93人。比较两组患者局部和全身表现,观察各时相点促炎细胞因子血清IL-6的测定值的差异。结果HF组与NHF组比较：腹痛腹胀持续时间为（18.8±4.2）hvs（89.7±28.1）h（P〈0.05）;治疗后第10天APACHEⅡ积分为（5.5±3.6）分vs（13.8±3.8）分（P〈0.05）;住院天数和医疗费为（28.2±12.4）天vs（42.4±11.2）天和（4.38±2.8）万元vs（7.46±2.2）万元,（P〈0.05）。治疗后各时相点血清IL-6检测结果：HF组较NHF组显著降低（P〈0.05）;MODS发病率和病死率分别为12.47%vs.36.28%和4.28%vs.12.82%,两者差异有统计学显著意义（P〈0.05）。结论早期短时血滤有利于纠正重症急性胰腺炎患者血清促炎细胞因子过度释放,使病情减轻,降低MODS发病率和病死率,提高疗效。     

Effect of Kang''''ai Injection(康艾注射液) on Serum Level of Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Patients with Esophageal Carcinoma during Radiotherapy

Radiotherapy(RT)is an important ap-proach for treatment of esophageal carcinoma(EC),especially for patients who have missedthe chance of surgical section.The efficacy ofRTis not satisfactory for its1-year,3-year and5-year survival rates being merely50%,20%,and10%respectively(1).Researches in recent years showed thatbetter efficacy can be obtained by combiningRTwith Chinese herbal medicines for EC thatincapable to be resected.Kang ai Injection(康艾注射液,KAI)is a Chinese herbal prep-arati…