Platelet-binding immunoglobulins in pregnancy-induced hypertension I. Platelet-associated IgM on fetal platelets: evidence of a fetal autoimmune reaction?

Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) can be complicated by maternal or fetal thrombocytopenia, or both. In order to investigate possible immunologic causes of these thrombocytopenias, platelet-associated IgG (PAIgG) and IgM (PAIgM) were measured in mothers with PIH and in their infants and compared with those from patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ATP), a known immunodestructive platelet disorder. Many PIH patients (33.3%) and most ATP patients (68.1%) had elevated levels of maternal PAIgG. In both diseases, the amount of PAIgG was directly proportional with the degree of thrombocytopenia (r = 0.446 in PIH and R = 0.668 for ATP). But in neither disease did the degree of maternal thrombocytopenia correlate with the degree of neonatal thrombocytopenia (r = 0.153 for PIH and R = 0.175 for ATP). Umbilical cord samples from PIH patients contained PAIgG (53.3%) and PAIgM (53.8%), whereas the umbilical cord samples from ATP patients had elevated amounts of PAIgG but not PAIgM. PAIgM in the umbilical cord blood could not be accounted for by IgM rheumatoid factors, IgM-containing immune complexes, or non-specific adsorption because of elevated total IgM levels. The umbilical cord blood PAIgM was probably not of maternal origin because it was observed even when the maternal blood contained no PAIgM and maternal IgM is not normally transported transplacentally. Therefore, the PAIgM appears to be of fetal origin. These results suggest that both maternal and fetal immunologic mechanisms may be involved in PIH-induced thrombocytopenia; if so, this is one of the first reported examples of a possible fetal autoimmune response.     

静脉注射免疫球蛋白临床治疗儿童癫痫的疗效及可能机制进行分析

目的探讨并分析在儿童癫痫病的治疗过程中,静脉注射免疫球蛋白的临床疗效及可能机制。方法对于我院就诊的84例儿童癫痫患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。通过随机的方式将84例儿童癫痫患者分为试验组与对照组两组,对试验组的患者采取静脉注射免疫球蛋白的方法进行治疗,对照组的患者采用托吡酯添加的方法进行治疗。结果两组患者治疗后试验组患者在血清球蛋白及淋巴细胞亚群方面都要好于对照组。结论静脉注射免疫球蛋白能够有效的降低儿童癫痫患者的CD19+B及CD20+B细胞值,对儿童癫痫病有很好的临床疗效。     

TM6SF2在非酒精性脂肪肝病中的研究进展

非酒精性脂肪肝病（nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD）是一类慢性肝脏疾病,以肝脏中甘油三酯（triglycerides,TG）异常积聚为特征,其发病率逐年增加,是目前最常见的肝脏疾病。跨膜6超家族成员2(transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2,TM6SF2)属于跨膜蛋白超家族成员,大量研究证实TM6SF2在NAFLD的发生发展中起重要作用。本文就TM6SF2在NAFLD中的作用及可能机制进行综述。     

Temporal effect of Guanxin No. 2 on cardiac function, blood viscosity and angiogenesis in rats after long-term occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery

AIM: Cardiac infarction is one of the main causes of death in both developing and developed countries over past decades. Currently available approaches for treating patients with this disease are not satisfactory. Traditional Chinese medicines have been increasingly paid attention to. The aim of this study was to characterize the dynamic protective effects of Guanxin No. 2 decoction (GX II) on cardiac dysfunction combined with the blood viscosity and myocardial hypertrophy parameters in myocardial infarction (MI) rats. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (180-200 g) were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operated, coronary artery ligation (CAL), and CAL plus GX II (GX II, 10.0 g raw materials/kg/d, bid, p.o.). The experiment was carried out at 4 time points as the 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 28th day after ligation. RESULT: It was found that on the one hand, GX II could significantly improve the heart function, and remarkably decrease infarct size and inhibit ventricular remodeling. On the other hand, GX II showed some unique effects such as angiogenesis which was induced in the left ventricular tissue. This result was consistent with the finding of an augmented vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in this area. CONCLUSIONS: The studies demonstrated that GX II exerted extensively beneficial cardioprotective effect on CAL rats, it might stimulate angiogenesis of ischemic region to compensate blood supply to the heart via upregulated VEGF expression.     

Proteomic Analysis of Human Milk Reveals Nutritional and Immune Benefits in the Colostrum from Mothers with COVID-19

Despite the well-known benefits of breastfeeding and the World Health Organization’s breastfeeding recommendations for COVID-19 infected mothers, whether these mothers should be encouraged to breastfeed is under debate due to concern about the risk of virus transmission and lack of evidence of breastmilk’s protective effects against the virus. Here, we provide a molecular basis for the breastfeeding recommendation through mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics and glycosylation analysis of immune-related proteins in both colostrum and mature breastmilk collected from COVID-19 patients and healthy donors. The total protein amounts in the COVID-19 colostrum group were significantly higher than in the control group. While casein proteins in COVID-19 colostrum exhibited significantly lower abundances, immune-related proteins, especially whey proteins with antiviral properties against SARS-CoV-2, were upregulated. These proteins were detected with unique site-specific glycan structures and improved glycosylation diversity that are beneficial for recognizing epitopes and blocking viral entry. Such adaptive differences in milk from COVID-19 mothers tended to fade in mature milk from the same mothers one month postpartum. These results suggest that feeding infants colostrum from COVID-19 mothers confers both nutritional and immune benefits, and provide molecular-level insights that aid breastmilk feeding decisions in cases of active infection.     

A case report of IgG4-related respiratory disease with pleural effusion and a literature review

Rationale:IgG4-related respiratory disease (IgG4-RRD) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the respiratory system and organs outside the respiratory system. This study explored the diagnosis and treatment of a case of IgG4-RRD with unilateral pleural effusion diagnosed using medical thoracoscopy, and provides an associated literature review. This report summarizes the clinical characteristics of IgG4-RRD involving the pleura to improve the diagnosis of this disease.Patient concerns:A 39-year-old man presented with a 2-week history of cough and chest tightness. Both physical examination and imaging supported the presence of left pleural effusion.Diagnosis:Medical electronic thoracoscopy was performed to obtain a pleural biopsy, which showed lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, 40 IgG4+ plasma cells per High Power Field (HPF) on microscopy, IgG4/IgG ratio >50%, phlebitis obliterans, and storiform fibrosis. The final diagnosis was IgG4-RRD.Interventions and outcomes:The patient was treated with methylprednisolone, after which his symptoms improved, and he was discharged. Oral hormone therapy was continued outside the hospital. After 4 months, the patient returned to the hospital and his condition had improved significantly.Lessons:Pleural involvement in IgG4-RRD is rare, and its diagnosis depends on pleural biopsy. Thoracoscopy usually reveals pleural thickening, pleural nodules, and milky white plaques.     

癌源性免疫球蛋白G全分子相互作用蛋白质的质谱鉴定及其功能分析

目的鉴定与癌源性免疫球蛋白G（IgG）全分子相互作用的蛋白质,为研究其生物功能提供重要的线索。方法分别用兔
抗人IgG全分子抗体和兔IgG在宫颈癌细胞系HeLa中进行免疫共沉淀,将得到的免疫复合物经电泳分离后进行银染。经比较
分析后3条差异条带切下来做质谱鉴定,质谱数据经Swiss-Prot数据库分析。最后对所得的蛋白质进行筛选和功能注释分析。
结果最终得到6个可能与癌源性IgG全分子相互作用的蛋白质。结论通过免疫共沉淀结合质谱分析的方法最终得到了6个
可能与癌源性IgG全分子相互作用的蛋白质,为其功能研究提供了重要线索。
     

Detection of immunoglobulin gene rearrangement in leukemia by seminested PCR amplification and Southern blot hybridization

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IVIG并传统疗法对难治性神经精神狼疮效果及安全性

目的 探讨静注丙种免疫球蛋白（IVIG）联合传统疗法治疗难治性神经精神狼疮（NPSLE）的效果及安全性。方法 选择难治性NPSLE病人15例,应用糖皮质激素、环磷酰胺及IVIG（400 mg/（kg·d）,连用5 d）治疗。观察IVIG治疗前及治疗后4周神经精神症状、系统性红斑狼疮疾病活动指数（SLEDAI）及脑脊液的变化,同时观察IVIG治疗过程中的不良反应。结果 IVIG治疗后4周,15例NPSLE病人除1例神经源性膀胱及1例精神病病人无效外,其余13例均完全缓解或好转,有效率达86.7%。与治疗前比较,治疗后NPSLE病人脑脊液白细胞计数减少,蛋白含量下降,压力降低,差异均有显著性（t=5.18-7.77,P〈0.05）;SLEDAI降低,差异有显著性（t=14.35,P〈0.05）。治疗过程中无严重不良反应发生。结论 IVIG联合传统方法治疗难治性NPSLE有较好的效果及安全性。