微创颅内血肿清除术治疗脑出血65例

我科于1999年10月以来,对各种原因引起的脑出血(出血量≥30 ml)的患者采用贾保祥[1]教授研制的微创颅内血肿清除术进行治疗,取得了良好效果。现报告如下。1临床资料1.1一般资料本组65例,男38例,女27例,发病年龄32岁-83岁,平均年龄56.2岁。其中高血压引起的脑出血63例,急性硬膜下血肿2例,超早期(发病7 h内)就诊28例,早期(发病7 h~3 d)就诊35例,延期(发病3 d以上)2例。1.2临床表现大部分患者发病早期均有头痛或头晕,其中呕吐52例,有高血压史者59例,有头部外伤史2例。神志清醒者17例,昏迷48例,其中深昏迷18例,中度昏迷21例,浅昏迷9例。61例偏瘫…     

A novel strategy for the detection and definition of HLA-specific antibodies in patients awaiting renal transplantation

Abstract Conventional testing for HLA-specific antibodies employs complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) which is labour intensive and dependent on a supply of viable lymphocytes. Our strategy to minimise CDC screening is initially to screen sera by ELISA (Quikscreen) to detect HLA Class I-specific antibodies. Negative sera are then screened by flow cytometry (FCS) using lymphoblastoid cell line pools to detect HLA Class II-specific antibodies. Only Quikscreen-or FCS-positive sera are then tested by CDC and, when indicated, with an ELISA kit (PRA-STAT) for specificity definition. Of 3680 sera, 886 (24.1%) were Quikscreen positive. Of the 2794 Quikscreen-negative sera, 374 (13.4%) were FCS positive. Therefore, only 1265 of the 3680 (34.3%) sera contained HLA-specific antibodies requiring specificity definition. This novel screening strategy has significantly reduced the CDC workload of the laboratory whilst enabling the detection of additional HLA-specific antibodies.     

Effects of Right Ventricular Failure on Renal Function During Pneumatic Left Ventricular Assist

Abstract: In an experimental dog model of acute biventricular failure, the effects of left ventricular (LV) assist on renal hemodynamics and function were evaluated. After the induction of severe cardiac failure by multiple ligation of the coronary arteries, LV assist with a 40 ml pneumatic pulsatile pump was initiated, and the aortic flow was maintained at control values. The right atrial pressure (RAP) rose to 21.3 mm Hg with the appearance of profound right ventricular (RV) failure. Renal arterial blood flow (RAF) decreased to about 60% of the control value after 2 h of LV assist. The urine volume decreased and renal function deteriorated progressively. RV assist decreased the RAP to 4.8 mm Hg, and the reduced RAF recovered. After 3 h of RV assist, the RAF returned to initial values and the urine volume increased, but renal function did not recover. Advanced biventricular failure with elevated RAP during LV assist reduced renal perfusion and impaired renal function and may be an indication for early RV assist     

彩色多普勒血流显像对肺良、恶性肿瘤鉴别诊断的应用

本文应用彩色多普勒血流显像技术对４０例肺肿瘤患者进行研究。全部病例均经手术及病理证实。结果表明：肺恶性肿瘤的内部及周边血流丰富，搏动指数（ＰＩ）和阻力指数（ＲＩ）低于肺良性肿瘤。因此，通过观察肺肿瘤的血流丰富程度及ＰＩ（界值＜１），ＲＩ（界值＜０．５）．可做为辨别肺恶性肿瘤的参考条件。     

荧光探针标记单克隆抗体在不同条件下的荧光变化

应用流式细胞术，探讨了不同贮存条件和时间对ＦＩＴＣ和ＰＥ标记单抗的荧光变化。结果表明４℃－３０℃１冷冻干燥对ＦＩＴＣ标主单抗无明显影响，ＰＥ偶联物皮４℃为宜。两种标记物检测的正常粉外周血Ｔ细胞及其亚群结果一致。     

Non-nociceptive capsaicin-sensitive nerve terminal stimulation allows for an original vasodilatory reflex in the human skin

A significant increase of cutaneous laser Doppler flowmetry was found before blood flow decreases with increasing pressure during a 5 mmHg min⁻¹ increase of pressure strain on the finger. Pre-treatment with a local anaesthetic or chronically applied capsaicin, resulted in the disappearance of the vasodilatory response. These results suggest an original vasodilatory axon reflex response to non-noxious pressure strain which is initiated by capsaicin-sensitive nerve terminals in the human skin.     

The role of Na+/K+ ATPase activity during low flow ischemia in preventing myocardial injury: A 31P, 23Na and 87Rb NMR spectroscopic study

An increase in intracellular Na⁺ during ischaemia has been associated with myocardial injury. In this study, we determined whether inhibition of Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity contributes to this increase and whether Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity can be maintained by provision of glucose to perfused rat hearts during low flow, 0.5 ml/min, ischemia. We used ³¹P NMR spectroscopy to determine changes in myocardial energetics and intracellular and extracellular volumes. ²³Na NMR spectroscopy, with DyTTHA^3- present as a shift reagent, was used to measure changes in intracellular Na⁺ and ⁸⁷Rb NMR spectroscopy was used to estimate Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity from Rb⁺ influx rates, Rb⁺ being an NMR-sensitive congener of K⁺. In hearts provided with 11 mM glucose throughout ischemia, glycolysis continued and ATP was twofold higher than in hearts without glucose. In the glucose-hearts, Rb⁺ influx rate was threefold higher, intracellular Na⁺ was fivefold lower at the end of ischemia and functional recovery during reperfusion was twofold higher. We propose that continuation of glycolysis throughout low flow ischemia allowed maintenance of sufficient Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity to prevent the increase in intracellular Na⁺ that would otherwise have led to myocardial injury.     

Effect of halothane and enflurane on hepatic blood flow and oxygen consumption in dogs

We investigated the relative effects of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 MAC halothane and enflurane, and concurrent noxious stimulus on hepatic blood flow and oxygen consumption in 14 mongrel dogs randomly divided into groups of seven each. Hepatic arterial and portal venous blood flow (HABF and PVBF, respectively) were measured continuously using ultrasonic transit time flow meter. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), cardiac index (CI), hepatic oxygen supply, and hepatic oxygen consumption (H _{O 2}) were measured. Halothane significantly deceased HABF, but not PVBF in a dose dependent manner. Enflurane did not affect HABF and PVBF significantly. MAP and CI decreased in both groups, with halothane producing more marked decreases than enflurane. H _{O 2} did not change with enflurane, but did with halothane, producing significant differences, with halothane being greater at 1.5, 2.0 MAC. A noxious stimulus only caused minor change in blood flow. The results suggest that liver blood flow and oxygen consumption are affected differently by halothane and enflurane and that halothane has a stronger tendency to cause an imbalance between liver oxygen supply and consumption than dose enflurane.(Masaki E, Yasuda N, Tanifuji Y et al.: Effect of halothane and enflurane on hepatic blood flow and oxygen consumption in dogs. J Anesth 3: 118–122, 1989)