A psychophysiological evaluation of female urethral syndrome: Evidence for a muscular abnormality

This is a preliminary investigation into a recently defined urological disorder occurring in a subgroup of women with urethral syndrome suggestive of pelvic floor muscular (PFM) dysfunction. Symptoms include straining to void, urgency, frequency, hesitation, incontinence and/or retention, and subpubic pain. Finding neither bladder nor urological abnormalities, urologists may consider these women emotionally unstable without organic cause for their symptoms. However, their distress may be a consequence rather than a cause of their voiding problems. Sixteen female urological patients were matched with 16 asymptomatic controls to investigate PFM functioning, psychological status, and symptomatology. Results showed heterogeneity of symptomatology and little elevation of depression or anxiety when comparing patients with controls. Hypotheses of muscular abnormality were confirmed. Patients evidenced poor control over tensing and relaxing PFM, elevations of PFM activity under various conditions, and chronic pain as a prominent symptom. Treatment approaches specifically designed to address PFM dysfunction are discussed.     

辨证分期治疗慢性盆腔炎合并免疫性不孕症18例疗效观察

目的：探讨辨证分期治疗慢性盆腔炎合并免疫性不孕症的临床疗效。方法：选择慢性盆腔炎合并免疫性不孕症(血清抗精子抗体阳性)患者18例，采用辨证分期治疗。月经干净后，治以活血化瘀、理气祛湿为主；在(或相当于)排卵期或排卵后，治以补肾养血，活血化瘀为主；在经前期，治以理气活血调经为主；在月经干净后至经前期，加用小剂量阿司匹林。结果：盆腔炎临床症状及体征痊愈7例，显效6例，有效5例；全部患者获得妊娠，宫内妊娠者17例(观察至妊娠3月，均正常)，输卵管妊娠1例；结论：中医辨病辨证结合的周期疗法加小剂量阿司匹林治疗慢性盆腔灸合并免疫性不孕症有一定的疗效。     

Exposure to 1-bromopropane causes ovarian dysfunction in rats.

Although 1-bromopropane has been used in chemical and electronic industries as an alternative to ozone layer-depleting solvents, its toxicity on female reproductive organs has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of 1-bromopropane on female reproductive function in rats. Forty female Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups. Each group was exposed daily to 0, 200, 400, or 800 ppm of 1-bromopropane for eight h a day. After exposure for 7 weeks, all rats in the 800-ppm group became seriously ill and were sacrificed during the 8th week. The other dose groups were exposed for 12 weeks. In the 800-ppm group, but not in the other two exposed groups, body weight was significantly less than the control at each time point from 2 to 7 weeks after the beginning of exposure. Tests of vaginal smears showed a significant increase in the number of irregular estrous cycles with extended diestrus in the 400- and 800-ppm groups. Histopathological examination of the ovary showed a significant dose-dependent reduction of the number of normal antral follicles and a decrease in the number of normal growing follicles in the 400-ppm group. No significant change was found in plasma concentrations of LH or FSH in any group when compared with the control. Our results indicate that 1-bromopropane can induce a dose-dependent ovarian dysfunction in nonpregnant female rats associated with disruption in follicular growth process.     

铁凝小说对女性觉醒的反思

铁凝的小说以突显士性意识而引人瞩目，但她们的身心又因承栽着太多的社会内客而扭曲、变形。五四启蒙运动呼唤人的觉醒，而士性在觉醒的过程中备经坎坷与磨难，她们要付出身体乃至生命的双重代价。探究原因。更有助于她们真正的解放。     

Association of vitamin D receptor and estrogen receptor-αgene polymorphism with peak bone mass and bone size in Chinese women

AIM: To investigate if vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene Apa I polymorphism and estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) gene Pvu II, Xba I polymorphisms are related to bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and bone size in premenopausal Chinese women. METHODS: The VDR Apa I genotype and ER-α Pvu II, Xba I genotype were determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in 493 unrelated healthy women aged 20-40 years of Han nationality in Shanghai city.…     

补肾活血法对子宫内膜异位症不孕患者基础体温的影响

目的:探讨补肾活血法对子宫内膜异位症不孕患者基础体温的影响。方法:将45例内异症不孕患者按2∶1随机分为中药治疗组和西药内美通对照组,经过6个月经周期的治疗后比较两组基础体温的变化。结果:治疗组在治疗前后黄体时间的高低温差呈增加趋势,体温上升时间及黄体期体温波动呈下降趋势;对照组在治疗前后黄体时间、高低温差、体温上升时间和黄体期体温波动无显著差异。结论:补肾活血法治疗内异症不孕,能影响基础体温,提示中药对卵巢功能有调整作用。     

30例45岁以上女性乳腺癌的生存分析

目的 探讨45岁以上乳腺癌患者生存状况.方法 对1992年至2000年间收治的30例45岁以上的乳腺癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,1992～1996年组(A组)17例及1996～2000年组(B组)13例,探讨生存率改善的有关临床因素.结果 A、B两组患者的生存率分别为(64.7±3.8)%和(69.2±2.5)%,有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 年龄是乳腺癌的一个独立预后变量,但乳腺癌的临床分期、淋巴结转移、病理类型、手术方式对乳腺癌患者的生存状况的影响不容忽视.     

解脲脲原体血清型3在小鼠生殖道中的致病性

目的 探讨不同浓度解脲脲原体血清型3(UU3)在小鼠生殖道中的致病性.方法 将156只昆明小鼠按完全随机设计法分为A、B、c组(每组各48只)及对照组(12只)共4组.将3种不同浓度的UU3接种至各实验组小鼠阴道内,各组的浓度分别为:A组1×107 copy/g,B组1×106copy/g,c组1×105 copy/g;对照组仅接种UU液体培养基.于接种后第1、3、7、14、21、35天每次随机处死A、B、c组各8只及对照组2只小鼠,取宫颈管分泌物,荧光定量PCR(FQ-PCR)技术检测各组UU3的浓度及阳性率;取宫颈、子宫内膜及输卵管组织,光镜下观察其形态,并计算致病率.结果(1)A、B、C 3组UU3总阳性率分别为63%(30/48)、50%(24/48)和17%(8/48),3组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).接种后1、3、7、14、21、35 d小鼠的UU3阳性率,A组分别为8/8、7/8、6/8、5/8,4/8和0,B组分别为7/8、5/8、5/8、4/8、3/8和0,C组分别为3/8、2/8、2/8、1/8、0和0;对照组各时间点均为0.接种后1 d的UU3阳性率3组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其他各时间点3组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).(2)在UU3检测阳性者中,A、B、C组的UU3浓度在接种后1、3、7、14、21 d分别为1.70×107、3.75×106和1.45×105copy/g,8.26×10+6、2.56×106和1.07×105copy/g,4.04×106、1.37×106和5.43×104copy/g,2.86×106、6.72×105和4.68×103copy/g,2.41×105、1.12×105和0 copy/g.除接种后21 d外,接种后各时间点A、B、C 3组的UU3浓度比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);A、B组内接种不同时间点的UU3浓度比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);C组接种不同时间点的UU3浓度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).(3)接种后7～35 d,A、B、C 3组的总致病率分别为56%(18/32)、44%(14/32)和6%(2/32),3组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);接种后7、14、21、35 d小鼠的致病率,A组分别为5/8、5/8、4/8和4/8,B组分别为4/8、4/8、3/8和3/8,C组分别为1/8、0、1/8和0;对照组各时间点均为0.除接种后14 d外,各时间点A、B、C 3组间致病率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论在小鼠生殖道局部接种不同浓度的UU3,其致病性不同.当UU3浓度≥1×106copy/g时,其致病性明显增强.     

邻苯二甲酸二丁酯对雌性果蝇生殖能力的双重作用

目的:研究邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)对雌性果蝇生殖能力的影响。方法:将未交配雌性果蝇随机分为5组,分别给予含DBP0.1%(A组)、0.4%(B组)、1.6%(C组)和6.4%(D组)的培养基喂饲,并以0浓度为对照组(E组),在染毒10d和20d时,分别取存活的实验雌蝇进行交配试验和生育试验。结果:各染毒组雌蝇1h交配率随DBP浓度升高而降低,D组雌蝇的1h交配率和生育率明显低于E组(P<0.05或P<0.01);染毒10d后C组的平均生育数和平均产卵期均明显高于E组(P<0.05),且在连续产卵10d后仍保持较高的生育水平;染毒20d后D组的平均生育数和平均产卵期均明显低于E组(P<0.01)。结论:DBP对雌蝇生殖能力有双重作用,较低浓度可提高雌性果蝇生育力,而较高浓度可使其生育能力降低。     

原因不明性不孕患者子宫内膜基质金属蛋白酶-9 mRNA的表达及其性激素调节

目的　检测基质金属蛋白酶 9(MMP 9)及其抑制物 1 (TIMP 1 )mRNA在原因不明性不孕患者黄体中期子宫内膜中的表达 ,及与性激素的相关性。方法　采用原位杂交、逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT PCR)技术 ,对 38例原因不明不孕患者 (研究组 )和 2 0例正常生育期妇女志愿者或男方因素不孕患者 (对组照 )的黄体中期子宫内膜行MMP 9、TIMP 1mRNA检测 ,同期放射免疫法测定雌二醇 (E2 )、孕酮 (P)水平。结果　子宫内膜腺上皮、间质细胞胞浆、胞核均有MMP 9、TIMP 1mRNA的表达 ,研究组较对照组表达少 ,研究组黄体中期子宫内膜MMP 9mRNA表达水平为 0 .42± 0 .1 9,显著低于对照组的 0 .57± 0 .1 9(P <0 .0 5) ;研究组TIMP 1mRNA表达水平为 0 .59± 0 .1 9,显著低于对照组的 0 81± 0 .2 0 (P <0 .0 1 )。研究组黄体中期血清P水平为 (34± 1 5)nmol/L ,显著低于对照组的 (53± 1 7)nmol/L(P<0 .0 1 ) ,而血清E2 水平与对照组比较 ,差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5)。对照组P水平与MMP 9mRNA表达呈正相关 (r=0 .72 2 ,P <0 .0 1 ) ,而研究组无相关性 (P >0 .0 5) ;两组P水平与TIMP 1mRNA ,E2 与MMP 9、TIMP 1mRNA均无相关性 (P >0 .0 5)。结论　原因不明不孕患者黄体中期P水平影响MMP 9、TIMP 1mRNA的表达并致活性下降 ,可能与不孕