影响非典型脑膜瘤术后复发的危险因素分析

目的 探讨分析影响非典型脑膜瘤术后复发的危险因素.方法 回顾性分析行手术治疗且术后病理诊断为非典型脑膜瘤的62例患者的临床资料、影像资料及病理学资料,并对患者定期随访,对影响患者术后复发的危险因素进行统计分析.结果 62例非典型脑膜瘤患者随访时间为3 ～ 128个月,平均随访时间为45个月,复发或死于肿瘤复发患者共20例,复发率为32.26％(20/62),单因素分析显示:未全切肿瘤、肿瘤最大直径≥5 cm、脑侵袭和(或)骨侵袭、术后未辅助放疗、Ki-67阳性指数≥6％与非典型脑膜瘤术后复发相关(P＜0.05),Logistic多因素回归分析显示:未全切肿瘤、Ki-67阳性指数≥6％、脑侵袭和(或)骨侵袭、未辅助放疗与非典型脑膜瘤术后复发相关(P＜0.05).结论 影响非典型脑膜瘤患者术后复发的危险因素包括未全切肿瘤、Ki-67阳性指数≥6％、存在脑侵袭和(或)骨侵袭、未辅助放疗,对于存在以上危险因素者,需要密切随访.     

A molecularly integrated grade for meningioma

BackgroundMeningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumor in adults. Clinical care is currently guided by the World Health Organization (WHO) grade assigned to meningiomas, a 3-tiered grading system based on histopathology features, as well as extent of surgical resection. Clinical behavior, however, often fails to conform to the WHO grade. Additional prognostic information is needed to optimize patient management.MethodsWe evaluated whether chromosomal copy-number data improved prediction of time-to-recurrence for patients with meningioma who were treated with surgery, relative to the WHO schema. The models were developed using Cox proportional hazards, random survival forest, and gradient boosting in a discovery cohort of 527 meningioma patients and validated in 2 independent cohorts of 172 meningioma patients characterized by orthogonal genomic platforms.ResultsWe developed a 3-tiered grading scheme (Integrated Grades 1-3), which incorporated mitotic count and loss of chromosome 1p, 3p, 4, 6, 10, 14q, 18, 19, or CDKN2A. 32% of meningiomas reclassified to either a lower-risk or higher-risk Integrated Grade compared to their assigned WHO grade. The Integrated Grade more accurately identified meningioma patients at risk for recurrence, relative to the WHO grade, as determined by time-dependent area under the curve, average precision, and the Brier score.ConclusionWe propose a molecularly integrated grading scheme for meningiomas that significantly improves upon the current WHO grading system in prediction of progression-free survival. This framework can be broadly adopted by clinicians with relative ease using widely available genomic technologies and presents an advance in the care of meningioma patients.     

高压氧辅助治疗脑膜瘤术后脑水肿的临床疗效观察

目的 分析高压氧综合治疗对脑膜瘤术后脑水肿以及脑水肿所致神经功能缺损的治疗效果.方法 脑膜瘤术后患者平均分为常规治疗组和高压氧综合治疗组各60例,对照观察两组患者治疗前、后脑水肿的变化和神经功能缺损的康复效果.结果 高压氧综合治疗组与常规治疗组对照比较,治疗前、后脑水肿量化指数评分、神经功能缺损强度评分(NFD)和日常生活活动能力评分(ADL),高压氧综合治疗组明显优于常规治疗组,P值分别为<0.05、 <0.05、<0.01,差异有统计学意义.结论 脑膜瘤术后,生命体征平稳后早期行高压氧治疗可以明显促进术后脑水肿的消退,改善神经功能缺损程度,促进功能康复,提高生活质量.     

与肿瘤相关的视神经病变

与肿瘤相关的视神经病变是一组少见的神经眼科疾病谱,国内外仅有少量个案或小样本的文献报道,目前尚未见关于该疾病谱的综合报道。该组疾病因病种不同临床表现各异,早期诊断并且选择恰当的个体化精准治疗往往可以挽救患者的视力甚至生命。然而,由于眼科医师对该组疾病的认识不足,临床上经常出现误诊或漏诊。本文结合文献及笔者所在的解放军总医院神经眼科团队的经验,首次对该疾病谱的病因、临床特征、诊断及鉴别、治疗及预后加以梳理归纳。     

鞍旁脑膜瘤显微手术预后影响因素分析

目的分析鞍旁脑膜瘤显微手术预后影响因素。方法选择某院神经外科2005年1月～2011年1月收治的56例行显微手术的鞍旁脑膜瘤患者作为观察对象,采用生活质量评分评估预后,对年龄、肿瘤切除程度、肿瘤性质、肿瘤大小、术前状态、术中状态等因素通过SAS6.12统计学软件先进行单因素χ2检验,再对有显著差异的因素再进行多因素Logistic回归分析,从而分析鞍旁脑膜瘤显微手术预后影响因素。结果患者年龄、肿瘤切除级别、肿瘤性质、肿瘤大小、术前合并脑梗死、术中出血量大及合并失血性休克预后差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05),而术前合并高血压、心脏病、糖尿病级术中合并脑膨出与预后无关(P﹥0.05)。结论患者的年龄及术前状态都可能影响患者显微手术的预后,但肿瘤切除级别、肿瘤性质、肿瘤大小、术前合并脑梗死、术中出血量大及合并失血性休克是影响预后的独立危险因素。     

老年人脑膜瘤外科治疗及预后判断

目的:探讨老年人脑膜瘤的临床特点,手术治疗以及影响预后的因素。方法:本组老年脑膜瘤患者共30例,均行肿瘤切除手术。结果:30例患者中,肿瘤全切25例,部分切除5例,手术后开发症5例,手术前Karnofsky评分小于70、肿瘤直径大于4.5cm、瘤周存在严重水肿与手术后并发症显著相关。结论:老年脑膜瘤患者手术治疗的预后受多种因素影响。     

The value of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging signal intensity in distinguishing between spinal meningiomas and schwannomas

Background: Prior studies have suggested a number of the subjective visual characteristics that help distinguish between spinal meningiomas and schwannomas on magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography; however, objective quantification of the signal intensity can be useful information. This study assessed whether quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensity (SI) measurements could distinguish intradural-extramedullary schwannomas from meningiomas.Methods: From July 2019 to September 2021, 54 patients with intradural-extramedullary tumors (37 meningiomas and 17 schwannomas) underwent surgery, and tumors were verified pathologically. Defined regions of interest were used to quantify SI values on T1- (T1W) and T2-weighted images (T2W). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to obtain cutoff values and calculate the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV).Results: Both Maximum (T2_max) and mean (T2_mean) T2W SI values demonstrated outstanding (AUC: 0.91) abilities to differentiate meningiomas from schwannomas with Se, Sp, PPV, and NPV values of 94.6%, 70.6%, 87.5%, and 85.7%, respectively, for T2_max and 81.1%, 88.2%, 93.8%, and 68.2% for T2_mean. The maximum SI value on contrast-enhanced T1W (T1CE_max) and the T2W tumor: fat SI ratio (rTF) demonstrated acceptable abilities (AUC: 0.73 and 0.79, respectively) to differentiate meningiomas from schwannomas with Se, Sp, PPV, and NPV values of 94.6%, 70.6%, 87.5%, and 85.7%, respectively, for T1CE_max and 81.1%, 88.2%, 93.8%, and 68.2% for rTF.Conclusions: Quantitative SI values (T2_max, T2_mean, T2_min, T1CE_max, rTF) can be used to differentiate intradural-extramedullary schwannomas from meningiomas.     

Aggressive rhabdoid meningioma with osseous,papillary and chordoma‐like appearance

Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors. They are usually benign and slowly growing; however, they may show histologically malignant features categorizing them into grade II or III of World Health Organization (WHO) classification. Rhabdoid meningioma (RM) is an uncommon meningioma variant categorized as WHO grade III. The clinical course of RM is determined by local recurrences, invasion of adjacent brain and/or dura, widespread leptomeningeal dissemination, remote metastases and fatal clinical outcome. Herein we report a case with recurrent aggressive left occipital parasagittal region RM in which the patient initially declined radiation treatment. The tumor was resected four times in 5 years. Histopathological examination revealed a rhabdoid meningioma with metaplastic, papillary and chordoid differentiation. Six months after her fourth operation the patient died of progressive disease. RM is a rare subtype of malignant meningioma and the role of different adjuvant therapeutic options are still unknown. Clinical presentation, radiological features and pathologic findings of this uncommon tumor are discussed.     

巨大脑膜瘤术中术后脑肿胀的预防措施

目的探讨颅内巨大脑膜瘤术中术后脑肿胀脑膨出形成原因、预防措施及其并发症的防治。方法回顾性分析巨大脑膜瘤87例临床资料,通过精确定位、麻醉方法的改变、增加手术操作空间、减少脑组织牵拉、尽可能保留回流静脉以及肿瘤残腔的处理等综合措施,减少术中术后脑肿胀脑膨出发生率。结果87例患者中仅1例因脑肿胀、脑膨出影响手术进程。且根据脑膜瘤切除Simpson分级,肿瘤全切除(simpsonⅠ、Ⅱ)72例,次全切除(simpsonⅢ、Ⅳ)15例,无死亡病例。结论综合的、合理的预防措施能有效缓解术中术后脑肿胀脑膨出,提高巨大肿瘤的切除率并减少并发症发生。     

磁共振血管成像、虚拟现实技术在蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤术前计划中的应用

目的探讨磁共振血管成像、虚拟现实技术在蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤术前计划中的应用。方法 10例蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤患者术前行头颅CT、MRI和MRA等检查,然后将这些数据输入新加坡Volume Interactions公司研发的Dextroscope术前计划系统,在虚拟现实环境中对肿瘤及其周围组织进行重建等处理,构建出立体的空间三维图像;再利用系统工具对肿瘤及其周围组织进行观察、手术模拟等操作,在术前充分获得肿瘤、颅底骨质及神经、血管等相互关系的信息,制定详细的手术计划,并与术中情况进行对照。结果 10例患者均成功实现了三维立体虚拟现实影像的重建,按照术前计划进行手术,术中情况与术前模拟基本一致,符合率达100%。10例肿瘤均全切,取得良好效果,术后患者无后遗症。结论头颅MRA结合Dextro-scope术前计划系统反映肿瘤及其邻近组织的解剖结构信息,为术前制定手术方案提供帮助,有助于提高手术安全性与病灶切除率,改善患者预后。