穴位注射胞二磷胆碱对脑外伤大鼠学习记忆功能的影响

目的观察足三里穴位注射胞二磷胆碱疗法对脑外伤大鼠学习记忆功能的影响。方法采用改进的Feeney 法建立大鼠脑外伤模型。40 只大鼠随机分为假手术组、对照组、穴位注水组、腹腔给药组和穴位注药组,每组8 只。假手术组不造模,腹腔注射等体积生理盐水。其他组造模后,对照组：腹腔注射等体积生理盐水;穴位注水组：足三里穴注射等体积生理盐水;腹腔给药组：胞二磷胆碱500 mg/kg 腹腔注射;穴位注药组：胞二磷胆碱以生理盐水溶解为500 mg/ml,500 mg/kg 足三里穴注射。连续14 d。通过水迷宫实验和避暗实验测定大鼠学习记忆功能。结果在Morris 水迷宫实验中,除假手术组外,穴位注药组大鼠逃避潜伏期短于其他组(P<0.05);在避暗实验中,穴位注药组大鼠学习记忆潜伏期较其他组长(P<0.05),错误次数较少。结论穴位注射胞二磷胆碱能明显改善脑外伤大鼠的学习记忆功能。     

Meta-analysis of the effect of distal or local point selection on acupuncture efficacy

Objective

To evaluate the effect of distal point selection, local point selection, and distal-local point selection on acupuncture efficacy.

浅析中西医结合治疗更年期综合征

更年期综合征是围绝经期妇女中的常见病和多发病。随着社会发展,生活压力的增大,更年期综合征的发病率逐渐呈上升趋势。然而单纯的雌激素替代疗法不良反应明显,且不适宜长期使用。本病的治疗应遵循"急则治标,缓则治本"的原则,以补肾为主,调理心、肝、脾三脏为辅的基本治疗原则,标本兼顾,紧扣病因病机,立足整体,通过辨证分型以治疗本病。同时贯彻"中西医结合,内治与外治并重"的方针,使用自拟特色中药汤剂内服,佐以耳穴贴压、心理疏导联合西药等对症治疗,疗效显著,值得推广。     

Smoking Disturbs the Intrinsic Tendencies of Autonomic Nervous System Reflected in the Bioelectric Potential at 12 Alarm Points: A Pilot Study

Objectives

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of smoking on the bioelectrical potential (BEP) at 12 alarm points.

Preferred clinical practice in convergence insufficiency in India: a survey

Purpose: Convergence insufficiency (CI) is a common binocular vision disorder. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding the treatment most appropriate for CI. The aim of the study was to investigate the treatment for CI by surveying the ophthalmologists regarding the most common treatment modalities used in India. Materials and Methods: Four hundred questionnaires were distributed amongst ophthalmologists attending different sessions of the Delhi Ophthalmological Society annual conference held in April 2007. Two hundred and three ophthalmologists responded (response rate 50.75%). The responders included 109 private practitioners, 57 consultants attached to teaching institutes and 37 residents. Results: The majority of ophthalmologists (66.7%) claimed encountering> 5% outpatient department patients with CI. Pencil push-ups therapy (PPT) was the most common first line of treatment offered by ophthalmologists (79%) followed by synoptophore exercises (18%). Only 3% referred the patients to optometrists. Thirty per cent ophthalmologists claimed good results with PPT, which was significantly higher in private practitioners (35%). Only 26% ophthalmologists explained physiological diplopia to patients on a regular basis and reported significantly higher percentage of patients (46.3%) with good results. Only 12.3% ophthalmologists needed to refer> 30% patients for synoptophore exercises. For failure of PPT 86.7% considered lack of compliance as the major reason as perceived by ophthalmologists. Conclusions: This survey suggested that most ophthalmic practitioners prescribed PPT as the initial treatment for CI and had satisfactory results with PPT. The majority of the practitioners did not explain to the patient about physiological diplopia. Explaining physiological diplopia may improve outcome, as perceived from the survey.     

Comparison of association methods for dense marker data

While data sets based on dense genome scans are becoming increasingly common, there are many theoretical questions that remain unanswered. How can a large number of markers in high linkage disequilibrium (LD) and rare disease variants be simulated efficiently? How should markers in high LD be analyzed: individually or jointly? Are there fast and simple methods to adjust for correlation of tests? What is the power penalty for conservative Bonferroni adjustments? Assuming that association scans are adequately powered, we attempt to answer these questions. Performance of single‐point and multipoint tests, and their hybrids, is investigated using two simulation designs. The first simulation design uses theoretically derived LD patterns. The second design uses LD patterns based on real data. For the theoretical simulations we used polychoric correlation as a measure of LD to facilitate simulation of markers in LD and rare disease variants. Based on the simulation results of the two studies, we conclude that statistical tests assuming only additive genotype effects (i.e. Armitage and especially multipoint T²) should be used cautiously due to their suboptimal power in certain settings. A false discovery rate (FDR)‐adjusted combination of tests for additive, dominant and recessive effects had close to optimal power. However, the common genotypic χ² test performed adequately and could be used in lieu of the FDR combination. While some hybrid methods yield (sometimes spectacularly) higher power they are computationally intensive. We also propose an “exact” method to adjust for multiple testing, which yields nominally higher power than the Bonferroni correction. Genet. Epidemiol. 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

HACCP在职业病危害评价中的应用

目的 通过对广州市某造纸企业职业病危害控制效果评价,提出相应的控制技术和措施,并探讨适用于职业病危害评价的"危害分析与关键控制点(HACCP)"体系.方法 运用HACCP原理,对造纸企业的生产工艺、作业环境进行职业卫生调查和检测,识别各种职业病危害因素,分析其危害程度及对劳动者健康的影响,并据此找出关键控制点,提出预防控制措施,评价职业病危害防护措施及其效果. 结果 造纸企业存在的职业病危害因素主要有化学毒物、粉尘、噪声、高温、生物致病菌等,职业病危害控制措施中选址和总体布局、生产工艺及设备布局、职业病防护设施、辅助用室、个人防护用品、应急救援设施、职业卫生管理措施等应为工作重点,且应基本符合职业卫生要求.而针对工程防护、个人防护、管理防护三方面的关键控制点实施监控,可有效控制和消除造纸企业职业病危害. 结论 HACCP可以运用到建设项目职业病危害评价中,为预防、控制和监督工业企业职业病危害提供科学依据.     

三氧化二砷对T315I突变细胞株KBM5R细胞周期的影响

目的：探讨三氧化二砷（ATO）对T315I突变的伊马替尼（IM）耐药慢性粒细胞白血病（CML）细胞株KBM5R细胞周期的影响,为对抗CML患者的IM耐药性提供理论依据。方法：选择野生型KBM5细胞作为T315I点突变KBM5R细胞的阴性对照组,根据是否经过ATO处理将实验分为KBM5R细胞空白对照组、KBM5R细胞ATO处理组、KBM5细胞空白对照组和KBM5细胞ATO处理组。应用MTT法检测IM和ATO作用后KBM5和KBM5R细胞的增殖活性;流式细胞术检测ATO作用后KBM5和KBM5R细胞周期的变化;Western blotting法检测ATO作用后KBM5和KBM5R细胞周期调节相关蛋白P21和P27表达的变化。结果：IM作用后耐药组KBM5R细胞IC50与野生型KBM5细胞比较明显增高（P<0.01）;不同浓度（0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0和8.0 μmol·L-1）ATO于不同时间点（24、48、72和96 h）作用于KBM5和KBM5R细胞,与空白对照组比较,ATO处理组细胞均表现为显著的增殖抑制,且随药物浓度增加或作用时间延长细胞的增殖抑制率显著增加（P<0.05）;在相同的药物浓度和时间点,ATO对KBM5R细胞的增殖抑制作用强于野生型KBM5细胞（P<0.05）;2.0、4.0和8.0 μmol· L-1 ATO作用细胞48 h后,KBM5和KBM5R细胞周期中G2/M期细胞所占比例均随药物剂量的增加而增加,且相同药物浓度时KBM5R细胞周期中G2/M期细胞所占比例与KBM5细胞比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05); ATO作用KBM5和KBM5R细胞48 h后,2.0、4.0和8.0 μmol·L-1 ATO处理组与空白对照组比较细胞内P21和P27蛋白表达均增加,且随药物剂量增加而增加。结论：ATO通过上调P21和P27蛋白水平使KBM5R细胞周期阻滞于G2/M期,细胞周期阻滞是ATO抑制T315I点突变细胞株KBM5R增殖的原因之一。