Acute volaemic changes modify the gastroduodenal resistance to the flow of saline in anaesthetized dogs

The effect of acute and sequential volaemic changes on the gastroduodenal flow of saline was assessed in 23 anaesthetized dogs following two different experimental protocols. Hypervolaemia, by i. v. infusion of saline, induced a gradual decrease on gastroduodenal flow which amounted to 76% below control values (P < 0.001) when volaemic expansion attained 5% of body weight. This effect was volume dependent (17% increase on gastroduodenal flow per volume of infused saline equivalent to 0.5% of body weight, P < 0.001), lasted for at least 90 minutes after infusion was completed and was also obtained by expanding previously bled animals. Hypovolaemia due to bleeding was followed by an increase on gastroduodenal flow of about 88% above control values (P < 0.05) when haemorrhage was equal to 3% of body weight. This effect was also volume dependent (23 % increase on gastroduodenal flow per volume of blood shed equivalent to a 0.5% of body weight, P < 0.01) and was reversed after blood volume was restored. These modifications in the resistance of the gastroduodenal segment to the flow of liquid due to acute volaemic changes suggest that the extracellular fluid volume modulates the contractile activity of the gastroduodenal portion of the gut possibly to set a gastroduodenal handling of liquid adequate to cope with volaemic imbalances.     

龈沟液ALP活性与牙周病的关系

对牙周健康者和龈炎、牙周炎患者２５人共１３０个牙位的龈沟液（ＧＣＦ）中硷性磷酸酶（ＡＬＰ）活性进行了检测。ＧＣＰ－ＡＬＰ活性（ｕ／ｕＬ或ｕ／牙）在炎症牙位和健康牙位间有显著差别，与牙龈指数（ＧＩ）和附着丧失（ＡＬ）呈正相关性。炎症牙位经牙周综合治疗６周后，其ＧＣＦ－ＡＬＰ活性显著降低。说明ＧＣＰ－ＡＬＰ水平能反映出牙周组织炎症的进展情况。     

Subhepatic collections complicating laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Percutaneous management

Ten patients with subhepatic fluid collections complicating laparoscopic Cholecystectomy were successfully treated by interventional radiological procedures. The series included five abscesses, three hematomas, one biloma, and one serous collection. Abdominal pain or fever developed from 3 to 21 days after the laparoscopic intervention. All patients were asymptomatic 72 h after percutaneous drainage and there were no complications related to the procedure. Subhepatic fluid accumulations are common findings after laparoscopic cholecystectomies and have been considered an unreliable indicator of infection or other postoperative complications. However, the significance of these collections should not be underestimated in symptomatic patients. In such cases we propose diagnostic aspiration and drainage, when necessary, to safely and promptly establish the precise diagnosis and treatment. More serious complications can be avoided by early percutaneous intervention.     

鼻内窥镜诊治脑脊液漏的临床研究

目的 探讨鼻内窥镜手术治疗脑脊液鼻漏临床相关因素。方法 对17例（19漏）内窥镜下修补脑脊液鼻漏患者的临床资料作回顾性分析。结果 脑脊液鼻漏17例中，外伤性15例，自发性2例，内窥镜下瘘口修补术一次性治愈15例，成功率88.2%，失败2例，再次修补成功，其中1例颅内高压术后腰穿持续引流减压。结论 内窥镜手术修补脑脊液鼻漏准确、微创；冠位CT薄层扫描对术前瘘口解剖定位有重要意义；影响手术效果的因素与修补材料的固定有关，与修补材料本身无明显关系；术后适当腰穿引流对于临床提示颅内压高、修补区薄弱病例仍需采用。     

自拟白术桃花汤治疗习惯性便秘临床观察

目的　观察白术桃花汤治疗习惯性便秘的疗效。方法　自拟白术桃花汤 (白术 30g ,桃花 12g ,生地黄 30g ,枳实 10g) ,每日服 1剂 ,7d为 1个疗程。对照组服用果导片作对比观察。结果　白术桃花汤治疗习惯性便秘 117例 ,治愈 10 6例 ,好转 4例 ,总有效率 94 .0 2 %;果导片治疗 6 6例 ,治愈18例 ,好转 30例 ,总有效率 72 .73%。两组总有效率比较 ,经统计学处理P <0 0 1,差异有非常显著性意义。结论　白术桃花汤功能为补气除湿 ,增液行气 ,通调大便 ,治疗习惯性便秘疗效满意。     

Anticonvulsant properties of the cerebrospinal fluid due to antiepileptic system activation

Laboratory of General Pathology of the Nervous System, Institute of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Department of Pathological Physiology, N. I. Pirogov Odessa Medical Institute. Translated from Byulleten' Éksprimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 106, No. 8, pp. 146–149, August, 1988.     

Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Vitamin B12 Levels in Demented Patients with CH3—B12 Treatment—Preliminary Study—

Abstract: The vitamin B12 (VB12) parameter was studied in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 14 demented patients. Eleven of these patients were in a state of dementia of the degenerative type such as Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia and Pick's disease. The serum VB12 concentration in all the patients was within normal limits, I.e. 500–1,300 pg/ml. There was no significant difference between the CSF-VBl2 levels and the severity of dementia. The serum and CSF-VB12 levels of the demented patients did not show any significant elevation after the oral administration of CH3–Bl2, 2 mg per day. On the other hand, there was a marked elevation of both the serum and CSF-VB12 after an oral medication (2 mg per day) plus intramuscular administrations (500 μg per day). These results confirm that the intramuscular administration of CH3–B12 is an effective way to get a higher value of the serum and CSF-VB12 levels.     

人胎盘组织液抗炎药效学研究

目的研究人胎盘组织液的主要药效作用。方法建立二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀及大鼠棉球肉芽肿的药理模型，观察人胎盘组织液对炎症模型动物的抗炎作用。结果与模型对照组相比，连续7d肌肉注射0．1mL/kg剂量的人胎盘组织液对二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀起到明显抑制作用，且差异显著（P〈0．01）；连续6d肌肉注射0．1mL／kg剂量的人胎盘组织液对大鼠棉球肉芽组织增生起到明显抑制作用，且差异显著（P〈0．01）。结论人胎盘组织液具有明显的抗炎作用。     

脑脊液中右旋布洛芬含量及其药动学研究

目的　观察脑脊液中右旋布洛芬浓度随时间变化的情况。方法　新西兰家兔脑部直接注射右旋布洛芬 ,用高效液相色谱法测定其浓度。色谱条件 :KromasilC18(15 0mm× 4 .6mm ,7μm)色谱柱 ,流动相为甲醇∶0 .0 2mmol/L磷酸二氢钾∶乙腈 (6 5∶30∶5 ) ,流速 1.0ml/min ,柱温为室温 ,检测波长 2 2 5nm ,以保泰松为内标。结果　脑脊液右旋布洛芬在 0 .5～ 80 μg/ml范围内线性关系良好 ,r =0 .9994。药物在脑脊液中Tmax为 1.1h ,Cmax为 9.9μg/ml,T1/ 2 为 3.5h ,AUC为 6 1.0 μg·h/ml。结论　HPLC RP法可用于测定脑脊液中右旋布洛芬含量 ,药物在脑脊液中代谢呈一室模型。     

人工脑脊液置换治疗高血压性脑室出血

目的研究高血压性脑室出血的新疗法。方法将60例高血压性脑室出血患者随机分为研究组与对照组,研究组给予药物加人工脑脊液置换治疗,对照组给予药物加侧脑室引流术治疗,比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果两组患者治疗后15、90、180d临床疗效间差别均有显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论人工脑脊液置换术可能成为高血压性脑室出血的有效治疗方法。