虚拟现实技术对脑卒中平衡功能障碍的影响

目的：探讨虚拟现实技术对脑卒中患者平衡功能障碍的临床疗效。方法：40例脑卒中患者随机分为试验组和对照组各20例,试验组接受虚拟现实技术治疗,对照组予传统的平衡功能训练,对比两组的平衡功能和日常生活活动能力。结果：试验组平衡功能和日常生活活动能力的改善程度均优于对照组（P＆lt;0.05）。结论：虚拟现实技术对脑卒中后平衡功能障碍有显著疗效。     

Destroscope虚拟现实系统在显微神经外科教学中的应用

显微神经外科手术操作相对复杂,对精度及微创的要求较高.而其手术教学及操作培训的手段有限.虚拟现实技术以其独有的优势,在显微神经外科教学中具有重要意义.通过介绍手术虚拟及操作培训的价值及意义,并结合虚拟现实技术在显微神经外科的应用实例,阐述了其在显微神经外科教学中的作用、优势及其应用前景.     

数字医学技术在非小细胞肺癌诊疗中的应用价值

目的：探讨数字医学技术在诊断和治疗非小细胞肺癌中的价值。方法：2011年1月-2012年12月收治的经320排螺旋CT扫描,术前三维重建、术中导航的40例非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者,经电视胸腔镜应用内镜缝合切割器切除病灶,术中快速冰冻切片明确诊断,行肺段切除术,肺叶切除术。结果：术中证实95％以上的动脉可被CT发现。手术时间（45．5±22．1）min,术中出血量（50．2±40．2）ml。切除淋巴结（6．6±4．7）枚。无术中死亡。术后病理：鳞癌15例,腺癌25例;病理分期：T1aN0M0 8例,T1aN1M0 6例,T1bN0M0 4例,T1bN1M0 6例,T2aN0M0 4例,T2aN1M0 12例。术后肺部感染6例,肺不张4例,经抗炎治疗或负压吸引治愈：无其他严重并发症。结论：数字医学技术有助于非小细胞肺癌的诊断和治疗,从而降低手术风险,特别是电视胸腔镜手术。     

虚拟现实技术在医学教育中的应用价值

随着计算机、网络和信息技术的飞速发展,虚拟现实技术应运而生,并在医学教育领域中广泛应用.目前国外开展了虚拟解剖学、虚拟放射学及虚拟内窥镜学等计算机辅助教学,国内开展了数字化可视人体研究,建立了现代化模拟医院,进行急诊医学高仿真模拟教学,构建了医学检验虚拟实验室和虚拟实验教学系统等.虚拟现实技术在医学教育中的应用充实了理论知识的学习,弥补了实验教学资源的不足,优化升级软件、节省教育资源,模拟真实情境避免各种危险,突破时空限制,为医学教育事业的发展发挥了积极的推动作用.     

磁共振血管成像、虚拟现实技术在蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤术前计划中的应用

目的探讨磁共振血管成像、虚拟现实技术在蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤术前计划中的应用。方法 10例蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤患者术前行头颅CT、MRI和MRA等检查,然后将这些数据输入新加坡Volume Interactions公司研发的Dextroscope术前计划系统,在虚拟现实环境中对肿瘤及其周围组织进行重建等处理,构建出立体的空间三维图像;再利用系统工具对肿瘤及其周围组织进行观察、手术模拟等操作,在术前充分获得肿瘤、颅底骨质及神经、血管等相互关系的信息,制定详细的手术计划,并与术中情况进行对照。结果 10例患者均成功实现了三维立体虚拟现实影像的重建,按照术前计划进行手术,术中情况与术前模拟基本一致,符合率达100%。10例肿瘤均全切,取得良好效果,术后患者无后遗症。结论头颅MRA结合Dextro-scope术前计划系统反映肿瘤及其邻近组织的解剖结构信息,为术前制定手术方案提供帮助,有助于提高手术安全性与病灶切除率,改善患者预后。     

The Blackboard or Virtual Reality

Abstract

Instructional technology used effectively can enhance significantly what we do in the classroom. Used thoughtlessly, it can confuse and annoy the student. This article presents a series of specific examples and caveats while exploring the creation and use of electronic resources in a variety of classes. The electronic resources covered in this article include Web pages, virtual reality (specifically, a MOO), and interactive exercises. While examples are drawn primarily from the author's experience teaching Classics, the lessons learned apply to all fields. The article concludes with a case study of how to develop materials for a class on the story of Baucis and Philemon from Ovid's Metamorphoses.     

Virtual environment technologies

Virtual environments (VEs) provide a means for humans to interact with computers in a natural and intuitive way. Such systems aim to exploit the spatial and perceptual processing skills of humans by presenting them with a real-time, 3D synthetic environment that they can experience from a first-person perspective. VEs afford the opportunity for the user to explore and interact with the synthetic world, leading to a sense of involvement or immersion within the VE. One application of VEs is training, whereby users can rehearse costly or hazardous procedures safely within the VE. From the early days of VEs, the idea of using these emerging technologies to assist surgical training has been promoted, leading to a significant amount of research activity in this area. However, the problems and challenges associated with constructing a compelling and effective surgical simulator are many and, whilst significant progress has been made in recent years, much still remains to be done. This review gives an overview of the component technologies, that make up a generic VE system. Three types of surgical simulator, together with their attributes, are identified and how these map onto current VE technology is explored. Finally, some speculations as to future developments are offered.     

Anatomical phantom CT study of surgical approaches for 3-D and VR in neurosurgery

Summary. In eight specimens a spiral CT and 3-D reconstruction with postprocessing at an Allegro work station were done. In all specimens approaches of neurosurgical interest were dissected. For example, a transnasal and a trans-oral approach as computer aspects and real anatomy aspect are presented in parallel by photography. The limits of the computer reconstruction are directly visible by comparison with the real anatomy. Additionally, one endoscopic aspect and one ‘virtual reality’ aspect are presented to be compared with real actual anatomy. The problems and possibilities of using 3-D spiral CT developed anatomy are discussed.