Bright dawn simulation compared with bright morning light in the treatment of winter depression.

In a randomized cross-over design, 7 patients with winter depression were treated with a week of a bright (1700 lx) dawn simulation (0400 to 0600) and a week of standard bright (1700 lx) morning (0600 to 0800) light therapy. The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression scores decreased significantly for the standard light therapy (18.9 to 6.6) but not for the bright dawn therapy (18.0 to 11.3). Early morning awakening was a frequent side effect with the bright dawn simulation. Although dawn simulation at a lower illuminance may be an effective treatment, the bright dawn used in this study showed only a nonsignificant trend to lower depression ratings. The illuminance of dawn simulation should be adjusted to minimize side effects.     

Prospective study of phobic anxiety and risk of Parkinson's disease.

Anxiety disorders are common in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the risk of PD among people with anxiety has not been examined in a prospective cohort study. We examined this relation prospectively within the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study, a cohort of US male health professionals. In 1988, anxiety was assessed using the Crown-Crisp phobic anxiety index in 35,815 men without PD, stroke, or cancer at baseline. There were 189 incident cases of PD during 12 years of follow-up. After adjusting for age, smoking, and caffeine intake, the relative risk of PD among men with the highest level of anxiety (Crown-Crisp index scores of 4 and above) was 1.5 (95% CI = 1.0-2.1; P-trend = 0.01) compared to men with the lowest level of anxiety. This positive association persisted after excluding cases of PD with onset in the first 2 years of follow-up. Use of anxiolytic medication was also associated with an elevated risk of PD (RR= 1.6; 95% CI = 0.9-3.1), but adjusting for this potential confounder did not materially affect the association between anxiety and risk of PD. Our results suggest that anxiety is a risk factor for PD. Whether this association is causal or the result of shared underlying biology remains a question.     

Manic episode with psychotic symptoms induced by subthalamic nucleus stimulation in a patient with Parkinson's disease.

Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is an established therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). A manic episode with psychotic symptoms induced by STN-DBS occurred in a previously psychiatrically healthy patient, focusing on the role of STN-DBS in influencing not only motor but also emotional behaviour.     

Characteristics of open- and closed-loop smooth pursuit responses among obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, and nonpsychiatric individuals

Twenty obsessive-compulsive disorder patients and comparison samples of 20 schizophrenia and 20 nonpsychiatric individuals were presented with (a) a step-ramp task designed to measure smooth pursuit initiation and (b) a regular ramp task designed to measure steady-stale tracking performance. Obsessive-compulsive disorder and non-psychiatric individuals had statistically similar pursuit reaction time and average eye accelerations during the open-loop interval. They also had similar closed-loop performance. Schizophrenia patients, however, had delayed pursuit reaction times and reduced eye acceleration during the last 60 ms of the open-loop interval. These findings suggest that brain regions supporting smooth pursuit performance are unimpaired among obsessive-compulsive disorder patients. Furthermore, the deficits found in the schizophrenia patients replicate and extend the results of previous smooth pursuit studies.     

血脂代谢紊乱与冠状动脉病变严重程度的关系

目的:分析血脂代谢异常与冠状动脉狭窄程度的关系.方法:对366例因胸痛而就诊的患者行选择性冠状动脉造影,按冠状动脉狭窄程度分为正常对照组、单支病变组、双支病变组、多支病变组.同时观察患者血脂各成分,并对各组指标进行统计学分析.结果:总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C),在各组之间存在差异,尤其多支病变组与正常组之间差异显著(P＜0.01).TC、TG、LDL-C随冠状动脉病变加重而增加,HDL-C随冠状动脉病变加重而减少,LDL-C与冠状动脉狭窄程度呈正相关,HDL-C与冠状动脉狭窄程度呈负相关.结论:血脂代谢紊乱与冠状动脉狭窄的发生发展有内在的联系,对于预测有无冠状动脉病变及其进展有一定临床意义.     

以中医神志学说辨析百合病

运用神魂魄意志五神与五藏、五官、五体的配属关系．结合文献对百合病命名、病位、症状、病机及愈期判断加以探讨。提出百合病属中医神志失和类病变，由热病伤阴，余邪未尽．心肺阴虚，神志失养，加之情怀不畅，气郁不舒，百脉失调，形神失和而发病。     

儿茶酚-邻-甲基转移酶基因多态性与强迫症

目的：探索儿茶酚-邻-甲基转移酶(COMT)基因多态性同强迫症临床特征的关系。方法：采用聚合酶链反应扩增技术与限制性片段长度多态(PCR-RFLP)测定120例强迫症(OCD)患者和130例健康对照者的基因型；根据Yale-Brown强迫量表评分将强迫症划分亚型。结果：强迫症患者COMT基因型与等位基因分布与健康对照者之间无显著差异；强迫行为组与强迫思想组的COMT基因型分布存在差异；G／A基因型多见于强迫行为组。结论：COMT基因多态可能对强迫症的发病没有直接的作用，但G／A基因型可能对症状是否表现为强迫动作有一定的影响。     

丁螺环酮和阿普唑仑治疗广泛性焦虑研究

目的：比较国产丁螺环酮和阿普唑仑治疗广泛性焦虑的疗效和不良反应。方法：对78例广泛性焦虑按照就医顺序分为两组，分别服用丁螺环酮(38例)和阿普唑仑(40例)。疗程6周。于治疗前及治疗第1、2、4、6周末进行汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)及副反应量表(TESS)评定疗效和不良反应。结果：丁螺环酮和阿普唑仑的疗效相仿，丁螺环酮的不良反应少且轻微，无过度镇静和肌肉松弛作用，不产生药物依赖。结论：丁螺环酮是治疗广泛性焦虑较为理想的药物。     

氟西汀治疗持续的躯体形式疼痛障碍的成本-效果分析

目的 初步探索氟西汀治疗持续的躯体形式疼痛障碍(PSPD)的成本-效果分析.方法 将80例PSPD患者随机分为氟西汀组和安慰剂组,每组各40例,分别服用氟西汀胶囊(20 ms/d)和安慰剂胶囊(1粒/d)8周,研究者和患者双肓.调查入组前后直接医疗成本,计算两组患者入组前后共4个月的成本与效果比值.结果 (1)氟西汀组有效率为40%,安慰剂组有效率为8%.(2)氟西汀组和安慰剂组成本与效果比值分别为0.53万元(5345元)和1.83万元(18 345元).(3)敏感度分析,氟西汀组和安慰剂组的成本与效果比值分别为0.40万元(4033元)和1.22万元(12 188元).结论 应用氟西汀治疗PSPD的成本与效果比值较低,具有较好的药物经济学价值.