Comparison of Billroth I,Billroth II,and Roux-en-Y reconstructions following distal gastrectomy: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

Major surgical treatment for distal gastric cancer include Billroth I (BI), Billroth II (BII), and Roux-en-Y (RY). Since the optimal reconstruction methods remains inconclusive, we aimed to compare these treatments in terms of intraoperative and postoperative course after distal gastrectomy with a systematic review and random-effects network meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Ovid's database for prospective, randomized, controlled trials comparing the outcomes of BI, BII, and RY reconstruction after distal gastrectomy until January 2020. From the included studies, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, endoscopic findings and complications were extracted as the short- and long-term outcomes of reconstructions. The network meta-analysis was performed with R 3.5.2 software as well as “gemtc” and “forestplot” packages. Twelve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 1662 patients were included. RY reconstruction has a lower risk and degree of remnant gastritis than BI and BII reconstructions(OR 0.40, 95%Crl: 0.24–0.64; OR 0.36, 95% Crl: 0.16–0.83, respectively). BI reconstruction method took significantly less time to perform as compared to BII and RY reconstruction (WMD 20, 95% Crl: 0.18–41; WMD 30, 95% Crl: 14–25, respectively). No differences in intraoperative blood loss, time to resumed oral intake, postoperative hospital stay, reflux oesophagitis and complications among the three reconstructions. The RY reconstruction after distal gastrectomy was more effective in preventing remnant gastritis than Billroth I and Billroth II reconstruction, although RY reconstruction was considered as technical complexity.     

长链非编码RNA KLHL7-DT对人退变髓核细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及其相关机制

目的 探讨长链非编码RNA KLHL7-DT对人退变髓核细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及其相关机制。方法 选取2018年1月—2019年10月南京江北医院骨科脊柱骨折患者手术切除的正常椎间盘标本18例,其中男11例、女7例,年龄为22~46 （38.3±4.3）岁,PfirrmannⅠ级6例、Ⅱ级12例。取椎间盘标本常规分离、培养髓核细胞,使用10 ng/mL IL-1β处理髓核细胞获得退变髓核细胞。将退变髓核细胞分为沉默对照组、KLHL7-DT沉默组、过表达对照组、KLHL7-DT过表达组。4组细胞分别对应转染沉默对照序列、siRNA-KLHL7-DT沉默序列、过表达对照序列、KLHL7-DT过表达序列。取转染后4组退变髓核细胞采用5-乙炔基-2’脱氧尿嘧啶核苷（EdU）法检测细胞增殖情况,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡情况,Western blot检测聚集蛋白聚糖（Aggrecan）、Ⅱ型胶原（Col Ⅱ）蛋白的表达情况。结果 （1）KLHL7-DT过表达组EdU染色阳性细胞/DAPI染色阳性比值（0.147±0.002）低于过表达对照组（0.203±0.007）,而KLHL7-DT沉默组比值（0.428±0.050）高于沉默对照组（0.240±0.032）,差异均有统计学意义（t=14.25、-5.44,P值均<0.05）。（2）KLHL7-DT过表达组细胞凋亡率（19.01%±0.41%）高于过表达对照组（14.38%±0.31%）,KLHL7-DT沉默组细胞凋亡率（16.08%±0.59%）低于沉默对照组（17.42%±0.36%）,差异均有统计学意义（t=15.69、3.36,P值均<0.05）。（3）Western blot结果显示,KLHL7-DT过表达组细胞Aggrecan和Col Ⅱ蛋白的相对表达量（分别为0.34±0.29、0.57±0.11）均低于过表达对照组（1.00±0.22、1.05±0.10）,KLHL7-DT沉默组Aggrecan和Col Ⅱ蛋白的相对表达量（分别为1.77±0.14、1.63±0.12）均高于沉默对照组（1.10±0.18、0.98±0.08）,差异均有统计学意义（t=3.10、5.54、-5.05、-7.66,P值均<0.05）。结论 上调KLHL7-DT的表达可抑制退变髓核细胞的增殖,促进退变髓核细胞的凋亡,其机制可能是通过调节细胞外基质Aggrecan、Col Ⅱ蛋白的合成,进而参与椎间盘退变的发展。     

降糖方对糖耐量异常大鼠糖脂代谢及骨骼肌组织IκB-α和NF-κBp65的影响

目的:探讨降糖方对糖耐量异常大鼠糖脂代谢及骨骼肌组织κB抑制蛋白α(IκB-α)、核转录因子肽p65(NF-κBp65)的影响。方法:SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、盐酸二甲双胍组、降糖方低、高剂量组,采用高脂饮食喂养4周,链脲佐菌素(STZ)腹膜内注射建立糖耐量异常大鼠模型,治疗8周后,观察骨骼肌组织病理变化,测定空腹血糖(FPG)、血清胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、骨骼肌组织IκB-α mRNA、NF-κBp65 mRNA水平、骨骼肌组织白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白细胞介素-12(IL-12)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)蛋白水平。结果:正常组大鼠骨骼肌组织结构正常,模型组骨骼肌排列紊乱、肌纤维断裂、可见明显炎症细胞浸润;盐酸二甲双胍及降糖方干预后,骨骼肌炎症细胞浸润减少,肌纤维排列趋于整齐。模型组大鼠FPG、FINS、HOMA-IR水平、血清TG、TC、LDL-C水平、骨骼肌IκB-α mRNA、NF-κBp65 mRNA和蛋白水平、骨骼肌组织IL-4、IL-12、TNF-α蛋白水平高于对...     

Fear of hypoglycemia,a game changer during physical activity in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients

Hypoglycemia limits optimal glycemic management of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Fear of hypoglycemia (FoH) is a significant psychosocial consequence that negatively impacts the willingness of T1DM patients to engage in and profit from the health benefits of regular physical activity (e.g., cardiometabolic health, improved body composition, cardiovascular fitness, quality of life). Technological advances, improved insulin regimens, and a better understanding of the physiology of various types of exercise could help ameliorate FoH. This narrative review summarizes the available literature on FoH in children and adults and tools to avoid it.     

Fournier’s gangrene as a rare complication in patient with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes treated with surgical debridement: A case report and literature review

IntroductionFournier’s gangrene is a potentially fatal emergency condition, supported by an infection of perineal and perianal region, characterized by necrotizing fasciitis with a rapid spread to fascial planes. FG, usually due to compromised host, may be sustained by many microbial pathogens.Case reportA 66-year-old man, with a history of uncontrolled type 2 diabetes, obesity with BMI 38, chronic kidney failure and chronic heart failure, was admitted to the Emergency Department with a large area of necrosis involving the perineal and perianal regions.DiscussionFournier’s gangrene is favoured by hypertension, obesity, chronic alcoholism, renal and heart failure. Generally, Fournier’s gangrene needs other procedures in addition to wound debridement such as colostomy, cystostomy, or orchiectomy.ConclusionWe report a case of FG found as complication in a patient with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes, treated with effective combination therapy with surgical debridement and antibiotics infusion.     

2型糖尿病患者并发轻度认知功能障碍危险因素的Meta分析

目的 系统评价2型糖尿病患者并发轻度认知功能障碍的危险因素。方法 检索CNKI、WanFang、VIP、CBM、Medline(PubMed)、EMbase、Web of Science和The Cochrane Library 数据库从建库至2020年12月2日有关2型糖尿病患者并发轻度认知功能障碍危险因素的所有文献后进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入文献18篇,研究对象3083例。各危险因素的合并OR(95%CI)为:年龄1.20(1.09,1.33)、文化程度0.67(0.55,0.82)、吸烟史1.41(0.69,2.89)、糖尿病病程1.17(1.06,1.29)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)1.33(1.09,1.62)、空腹血葡萄糖(fasting blood glucose,FBG)0.88(0.75,1.03)、空腹血清C肽(Fasting c-peptide,FCP)0.41(0.16,1.04)、餐后2h血糖(2h plasma glucose,2hPG)1.90(0.52,6.87)、低密度脂蛋白胆同醇(LDL-C)1.42(1.26,1.59)、超敏C反应蛋白(high sensitive C reactive protein,hs-CRP)1.52(1.06,2.20)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)1.00(0.48,2.08)、冠心病2.57(1.93,3.43)、高血压2.58(1.62,4.13)、周围神经病变1.10(0.10,12.57)。结论 高龄、文化程度低、糖尿病病程长、高HbA1c、高LDL-C、高hs-CRP、冠心病、高血压是2型糖尿病患者并发轻度认知功能障碍的主要危险因素。