三维超声在诊断特殊部位异位妊娠的作用

目的分析三维超声在诊断特殊部位异位妊娠中的作用。方法对最终经手术治疗证实的24例特殊部位异位妊娠患者分别采取二维超声及三维超声进行检查,对比两种超声资料的诊断准确率,分析三维超声对特殊部位异位妊娠诊断的作用。结果二维诊断结果准确率为58.33%,三维诊断结果准确率为91.67%,两者具差异有统计学意义,P〈0.01;二维诊断结果与确诊结果间差异具有统计学意义,P〈0.01;三维诊断结果与确诊结果间差异无统计学意义,P〉0.05。结论三维超声对于特殊部位异位妊娠的检查准确性更高,对临床诊断具有重要参考作用。     

Inhibition of influenza hemagglutinin with the antiviral inhibitor arbidol using a proteomics based approach and mass spectrometry

A proteomics gel electrophoresis based approach has been applied to study the effect of arbidol on the proliferation of influenza virus in vitro through quantitation of hemagglutinin levels. An arbidol concentration of 20 μg/ml was required to achieve a 50% reduction in virus proliferation and hemagglutinin levels. The use of a MALDI mass spectrometry approach to study the binding of arbidol to influenza hemagglutinin revealed it bound solely to residues 104–120 of the HA2 subunit, a region known to contain an arbidol resistance mutation. Parallel molecular docking results revealed that this binding site was favoured in which the arbidol molecule binds in two possible orientations approximately 180° to one another at HA2 residues 118–123. The combined studies support the recognized potential of arbidol as an effective and targeted antiviral agent against the influenza virus.     

Polysorbate-stabilized solid lipid nanoparticles as colloidal carriers for intravenous targeting of drugs to the brain: Comparison of plasma protein adsorption patterns

Plasma proteins enriched on the surface of drug-delivery-purpose nanoparticles are regarded as key factors for determination of in vivo organ distribution after intravenous injection. Polysorbate 80-coated polybutylcyanoacrylate (PBCA) nanoparticles, preferentially adsorbing apolipoprotein E (apoE) on their surface, have previously been considered to deliver various drugs to the brain. In the present study, in vivo well tolerable solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) using different types of polysorbates as stabilizers were produced. The influence of the different surfactants on in vitro adsorption of human plasma proteins was investigated using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Possible correlations of different amounts of adsorbed apoE to the hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB) of the polysorbates are shown and discussed. Apolipoprotein C-II, albumin and immunoglobulin G, which are also decisive plasma proteins with regard to site-specific drug delivery of intravenously injected carriers to the brain, are compared with regard to adsorption. Moreover, certain similarities to the plasma protein adsorption patterns of previously analysed brain-specific PBCA nanoparticles could be detected. Despite some differences in adsorption behavior of proteins on the surface of polysorbate-stabilized SLN and PBCA nanoparticles, we conclude that in both cases polysorbate 80 might have the highest potential to deliver drugs to the brain.     

四维彩超在胎儿畸形诊断中的临床应用

目的探讨实时四维彩超在产前诊断胎儿畸形中的应用价值。方法对2010年7月～2012年7月在本院进行产前检查的5520例孕妇进行二维彩色多普勒超声和四维彩色容积超声检查,比较分析两者在诊断胎儿畸形部位和形态改变等方面的准确性。结果本组共筛查出各类畸形胎儿34例,其中,二维超声诊断与产后诊断相符的有28例（准确率为82%）,漏诊6例;四维超声诊断31例（准确率为91%）,漏诊3例,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论实时四维超声可以全面、细致地观察胎儿发育异常,提高产前诊断胎儿畸形的准确率,值得临床借鉴和应用。     

The promise of gel-based proteomics

First described nearly 20 years before Marc Wilkins coined the term 'proteomics', two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DGE) is still in adolescence (as is the field of proteomics). It is well recognised that two dimensions are insufficient for deconvoluting the complexity of even the simplest of proteomes, and that 2DGE can only be part of more elaborate 'multidimensional' schemes. As upstream dimensions continue to be developed, the potential of 2DGE may be further realised. Although orthogonal electrophoresis is unrivalled in its ability to resolve the total protein constituency of cells, arraying the 1500 or so most abundant proteins becomes of diminishing importance. Similar to looking into the sun in an effort to see sunspots, candidate biomarkers of extremely low abundance are concealed amid the myriad of proteins of higher abundance. The procedural complexity and inability to automate 2DGE seems to be prohibitive to its use in the clinical laboratory, which is an unfortunate consequence as this is where the promise of proteomics must ultimately be fulfilled.     

半枝莲多糖对肝癌小鼠差异表达蛋白质影响的实验研究

目的：比较分析H22肝癌小鼠与半枝莲多糖（SBPS）干预后的血清之间差异表达的蛋白,为进一步筛选出SBPS抑制肿瘤活性的靶位蛋白奠定基础。方法：建立动物模型,运用蛋白质组学技术中的双向凝胶电泳技术与计算机辅助的图像分析技术,对肿瘤组和SBPS组血清进行蛋白分离,建立图谱并用ImageMaster 5.0软件进行比较分析,通过比对分析筛选出差异表达蛋白。结果：肿瘤组与SBPS组比较发现18个差异表达的蛋白点,其中在SBPS组6个表达上调,1个表达下调,1个在SBPS组特异表达,10个在SBPS组表达缺失。结论：SBPS可以通过调节H22肝癌血清中蛋白质的表达,来实现对肝癌的治疗作用。     

低温胁迫下淡色库蚊体内蛋白表达的双向电泳分析

目的 探索低温胁迫对淡色库蚊体内蛋白质表达的影响。 方法 以室内饲养淡色库蚊为对照,利用双向 电泳技术,比较低温处理后淡色库蚊体内蛋白质表达谱的差异。 结果 处理组和对照组蛋白质浓度分别为 8. 5 μg / μL 和 4. 76 μg / μL,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。 经双向电泳分析,共发现 2 倍差异蛋白点 77 个,低温处理组 表达量上调的蛋白点 30 个,表达量下调的蛋白点 47 个;低温处理组特有蛋白点 14 个,分子量主要在 25 ~ 60 kDa 之 间。 共鉴定出 25 个差异表达蛋白质,主要与细胞骨架的重塑、糖代谢、能量代谢以及各种合成酶和代谢酶有关。 结论 低温处理可诱导淡色库蚊体内蛋白质的表达变化,对差异蛋白的进一步分析有望获得淡色库蚊的抗冻蛋白。     

Transmission of cocoa swollen shoot virus by seeds

A study was undertaken to determine whether cocoa swollen shoot virus is transmitted by seeds, to improve the robustness of quarantine procedures for international exchange and long term conservation of cocoa germplasm. PCR/capillary electrophoresis, using cocoa swollen shoot virus primers designed from the most conserved regions of the six published cocoa genome sequences, allowed the detection of cocoa swollen shoot virus in all the component parts of cocoa seeds from cocoa swollen shoot virus-infected trees. PCR/capillary electrophoresis revealed the presence of cocoa swollen shoot virus in seedlings raised from seeds obtained from cocoa swollen shoot virus-infected trees. The high frequency with which the virus was transmitted through the seedlings suggested that cocoa swollen shoot virus is transmitted by seeds. This has serious implications for cocoa germplasm conservation and distribution.     

荷瘤大鼠60Co局部照射后骨髓蛋白质的差异表达

目的:观察荷瘤大鼠受60Co局部照射后骨髓中蛋白质的差异表达.方法:制备荷瘤大鼠动物模型,60Co局部照射后分别提取荷瘤组和照射组大鼠骨髓蛋白质,运用双向聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术分析2组荷瘤大鼠骨髓蛋白质的差异表达.结果:荷瘤大鼠经60Co局部照射骨髓有24个蛋白点表达发生变化,其中出现2个新蛋白点,4个蛋白点表达量下降,1个蛋白点表达量升高,17个蛋白点在照射后消失.结论:60Co局部照射可诱导荷瘤大鼠骨髓蛋白质差异表达.     

Different protein profiles in inferior colliculus and cerebellum: a comparative proteomic study

The characteristic features of individual brain regions are determined by anatomical, physiological, and biochemical properties, which are caused by the nature and amount of proteins expressed. Proteomics is a powerful technology for assessing different protein profiles, comparing hundreds of proteins simultaneously. Here we performed a semi-quantitative proteomic analysis of two prominent brain regions in the male adult rat, the inferior colliculus and the cerebellum. Both play important roles in sensorimotor integration but have distinct anatomical and biochemical features. Soluble proteins of mainly cytoplasmic origin were obtained through subcellular fractionation, separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Out of 169 annotated and quantified spots, 40 (24%) displayed significant differences in intensity between the two brain regions. Of those, 21 spots (containing 26 proteins) were more intense in the inferior colliculus and 19 spots (containing 25 proteins) in the cerebellum. The inferior colliculus displayed a higher abundance of proteins involved in vesicular trafficking, such as dynamin-1 and cofilin-1. In the cerebellum, Ca2+ -binding proteins (calbindin and calretinin) as well as 14-3-3 proteins were more abundant. Both protein groups play a central role in cellular signaling. Finally, several differences occurred among proteins involved in cellular energy metabolism. Our study presents a proof of principle to demonstrate marked heterogeneity of proteins between two brain samples. The heterogeneity is likely associated with functional differences, warranting further histological and physiological analyses.