靶控输注不同浓度舒芬太尼联合丙泊酚在乳腺良性肿块切除术中的麻醉效果分析

目的观察不同浓度舒芬太尼联合丙泊酚在乳腺良性肿块切除术中的麻醉效果。方法选择2011年12月至2013年12月解放军第91中心医院收治的择期行乳腺良性肿块切除术患者205例,按照随机数字表法分为A组70例、B组69例、C组66例。麻醉诱导时分别调节三组患者血浆靶浓度为0.3、0.5及0.8μg/kg,比较三组患者麻醉诱导前(T0)、诱导后(T1)、气管插管时(T2)、手术切皮时(T3)、切皮后5 min(T4)及术毕(T5)6个时间段心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)的水平变化。同时记录三组患者呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间及不良反应情况。结果麻醉诱导后三组患者HR及MAP水平均较诱导前显著下降;A组患者在手术切皮时HR及MAP水平高于麻醉诱导后,B组患者HR及MAP水平T2^T5时间段处在相对较高水平,C组患者T1及T2T5时间段处在相对较高水平,C组患者T1及T2^T4时间段HR和MAP水平均处在较低水平且比较稳定,三组不同时点间HR、MAP的水平变化比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组患者呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间及不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论应用丙泊酚联合较高浓度(0.8μg/kg)舒芬太尼可以使麻醉效果更加有效,且保证患者手术期间的血流动力稳定性,同时不会加重不良反应。     

替罗非班治疗支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞动脉瘤术中急性血栓形成

目的探讨动脉内灌注盐酸替罗非班在处理支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞颅内动脉瘤时术中急性血栓的有效性及安全性。方法收集2013年1月至2017年6月11例行颅内动脉瘤栓塞术中发生血栓患者,发生血栓后,均于微导管内靶向灌注盐酸替罗非班6ml,同时静脉泵注5ml/h,然后每5~10分钟造影观察血管溶通情况,直至血栓消失或血管开通。术后进行CT或MRI随访,观察有无脑梗塞或脑出血。结果 11例术中造影血管均完全再通,术后第1天、第7天及术后1月行头颅CT或MRI检查,均未发现与手术相关脑梗塞和脑出血的发生。结论支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞颅内动脉瘤时,术中出现急性血栓并发症时,经动脉靶向灌注盐酸替罗非班是一种安全、有效的方法。     

巧用3L 透明输液贴改良腔镜器械

近年来，腹腔镜下脾切除加贲门周围血管离断术逐步成熟，越来越多的临床医师开始应用这项技术［1］。我院对腹腔镜脾切除技术进行了改良，使腹腔镜手术的创伤更小，更能显示微创优势，并进行了相关报道［2］。我院手术室将3 L透明输液贴应用于该类手术，取得了良好效果，现报告如下。     

弹射式单兵快速骨髓腔输液器在急危重患者抢救中的应用

目的验证骨髓腔输液在急危重症患者抢救中的应用效果。方法对2014年1-3月来我院急诊的15例危重患者,在90s内未成功建立外周静脉通道时,进行了骨髓腔穿刺并输液,做好全程护理。结果 15例患者穿刺成功率为100%,均未发生相关并发症。结论骨髓腔输液快速便捷,操作简单易行,能作为急危重症患者抢救输液通道建立的操作方法。     

Acute effects of alcohol on brain perfusion monitored with arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging in young adults

While a number of studies have established that moderate doses of alcohol increase brain perfusion, the time course of such an increase as a function of breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) has not yet been investigated, and studies differ about regional effects. Using arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated (1) the time course of the perfusion increase during a 15-minute linear increase of BrAC up to 0.6 g/kg followed by a steady exposure of 100 minutes, (2) the regional distribution, (3) a potential gender effect, and (4) the temporal stability of perfusion effects. In 48 young adults who participated in the Dresden longitudinal study on alcohol effects in young adults, we observed (1) a 7% increase of global perfusion as compared with placebo and that perfusion and BrAC are tightly coupled in time, (2) that the increase reaches significance in most regions of the brain, (3) that the effect is stronger in women than in men, and (4) that an acute tolerance effect is not observable on the time scale of 2 hours. Larger studies are needed to investigate the origin and the consequences of the effect, as well as the correlates of inter-subject variations.     

Osteomyelitis due to multiple carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria: The first case report of a GES-13-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate in Canada

A case of osteomyelitis in an infant following a burn injury sustained in Pakistan caused by a GES-13-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa (the first reported in Canada) and an OXA-48 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae is described. The present case serves to highlight the importance of international travel as a risk factor for infection with carbapenemase-producing bacteria and the challenges in the laboratory detection of these organisms.     

Fault Detection and Safety in Closed-Loop Artificial Pancreas Systems

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion pumps and continuous glucose monitors enable individuals with type 1 diabetes to achieve tighter blood glucose control and are critical components in a closed-loop artificial pancreas. Insulin infusion sets can fail and continuous glucose monitor sensor signals can suffer from a variety of anomalies, including signal dropout and pressure-induced sensor attenuations. In addition to hardware-based failures, software and human-induced errors can cause safety-related problems. Techniques for fault detection, safety analyses, and remote monitoring techniques that have been applied in other industries and applications, such as chemical process plants and commercial aircraft, are discussed and placed in the context of a closed-loop artificial pancreas.     

百特泵持续静脉输注5-Fu联合化疗的护理

目的探讨百特泵持续静脉输注5-Fu联合化疗的近期疗效、不良反应和护理效果。方法将我院肿瘤科2011年3月至2013年11月接受百特泵持续静脉输注5-Fu和间歇静脉输注5-Fu两种联合化疗的病人分为治疗组和对照组,对比研究两组患者的满意度、疗效、体质状况、药物毒副反应间的差异。结果治疗组患者满意度、体质状况改善以及消化道反应和周围静脉炎的副作用较对照组减低,并有统计学意义(P<0.05);而在疗效、骨髓抑制和神经毒性方面无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论百特泵持续静脉输注5-Fu联合化疗近期疗效满意,患者耐受性好,毒副反应减轻,化疗过程中须加强综合护理措施。     

Strategies to accelerate immune recovery after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

The interplay existing between immune reconstitution and patient outcome has been extensively demonstrated in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. One of the leading causes of infection-related mortality is the slow recovery of T-cell immunity due to the conditioning regimen and/or age-related thymus damage, poor naïve T-cell output, and restricted T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoires. With the aim of improving posttransplantation immune reconstitution, several immunotherapy approaches have been explored. Donor leukocyte infusions are widely used to accelerate immune recovery, but they carry the risk of provoking graft-versus-host disease. This review will focus on sophisticated strategies of thymus function-recovery, adoptive infusion of donor-derived, allodepleted T cells, T-cell lines/clones specific for life-threatening pathogens, regulatory T cells, and of T cells transduced with suicide genes.