颅内外段椎动脉盗血频谱形态分级与锁骨下动脉近段狭窄程度的关系

目的评价锁骨下动脉狭窄程度与颅内、外段椎动脉盗血频谱形态分级的关系。方法 63例发出椎动脉之前狭窄(或闭塞)的锁骨下动脉患者,分析椎动脉颅内、外段频谱形态变化并进行分组比较。结果锁骨下动脉近段狭窄程度与椎动脉颅外段、颅内段盗血频谱形态变化呈正相关(r分别为0.721、0.793,P0.01),颅内段椎动脉的盗血频谱较颅外段更加敏感。结论椎动脉盗血频谱形态变化对间接判断锁骨下动脉狭窄程度具有一定的价值。     

锁骨下静脉双腔导管作为血液净化血管通路的临床观察

本文报告41例患者经锁骨下静脉穿刺,留置Quinton-wahurkar双腔导管进行多种血液净化治疗的临床观察结果。表明本方法操作简便、安全,透析效果好,并发症少,不仅是较理想的暂时性血管通路,必要时可以长期留置。     

全弓置换和支架象鼻手术治疗A型主动脉夹层时左锁骨下动脉的处理分析

目的 总结选择性结扎左锁骨下动脉、仅重建无名动脉和左颈总动脉方法在A型主动脉夹层全弓置换和支架象鼻手术中应用的临床经验.方法 2008年1月至2010年6月,29例A型主动脉夹层患者在接受全弓置换和支架象鼻手术时,因左锁骨下动脉显露困难,术中将其直接结扎.本组男性21例,女性8例,年龄19～55岁,平均年龄(44±12)岁.其中急性夹层12例,亚急性夹层4例,慢性夹层13例.所有患者依据术前影像学和术中循环、压力指标判断患者大脑Willis环和双侧椎动脉的侧支循环情况,如侧支良好,则直接结扎左锁骨下动脉、仅重建无名动脉和左颈总动脉;如果侧支不足,则结扎后加行升主动脉-左腋动脉旁路术.结果 29例手术均顺利完成,1例术后死于肺部感染,其余恢复顺利.术后左上肢血压(78±17)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),明显低于右上肢的(126±24)mmHg(P＜0.01),但左侧指氧饱和度、皮温、肌力及感觉运动功能与右侧相比无明显差异.随访1～27个月,无左锁骨下动脉盗血综合征与左上肢肌萎缩发生.结论 在对A型主动脉夹层行全弓置换和支架象鼻手术时,如果动脉瘤体较大、左锁骨下动脉位置较深、显露困难时,可以在充分评估侧支循环的前提下直接予以结扎,可简化手术操作和手术难度,术后无明显不良后果.

Abstract：

Objective To summarize the experiences of ligating left subclavian artery(LSA)in total arch replacement and stented elephant trunk implantation for Stanford type A aortic dissection patients with difficulty in exposing the LSA. MethodsTotal arch replacement and stented elephant trunk implantation were performed on 79 consecutive patients from January 2008 to June 2010. Twenty-nine cases of the cohort undertook LSA ligation due to bad exposure. There were 21 males and 8 females patients, aged from 19 to 55 years with a mean of(44 ± 12)years. There were 12 acute dissections, 4 sub-acute dissections and 13 chronic dissections. Based on thoroughly evaluation of the Willis' circle and bilateral vertebral arteries through pre-operative imaging and inrto-operative circulative parameters, if the collateral circulation was considered sufficient, LSA was ligated directly and only the innominate artery and carotid artery were reconstructed; if considered insufficient, an additional bypass from ascending aorta to left axillary artery was performed. Results All the 29 operations were completed successfully. There was one patient died from pulmonary infection and the others recovered well. Blood pressure of left arms were lower than right postoperatively[(78 ± 17)mmHg vs.(126 ± 24)mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0. 133 kPa, P ＜ 0. 01], but oxygen saturation, skin temperature and strength of the left hand were normal compared to the right. All the survived patients have been followed 1-27 months and none of them presented with any symptoms of left subclavian artery steal syndrome and ischemia of left arms. Conclusions Ligation of LSA under strict evaluation of collateral circulation could be safe in Type A dissection patients with bad exposure due to big ascending aortic aneurysm and will simplify the procedure significantly.     

锁骨下静脉穿刺与头静脉切开途径安置心脏起搏器的随机对照研究

为比较锁骨下静脉穿刺与头静脉切开途径安置心脏起搏器的价值 ,将 1 0 0例需安置心脏起搏器的病人随机分为锁骨下静脉穿刺组和头静脉切开组 (均包括单腔亚组和双腔亚组 ) ,每组各 5 0例。观察两种手术径路安置起搏器的手术时间、X线曝光时间、手术并发症及病人对手术切口及囊袋的满意度。结果 :无论是手术时间 ,还是X线曝光时间 ,锁骨下静脉组中单腔亚组及双腔亚组均比头静脉组中的对应亚组为短 ( 64.1± 1 4.2minvs 73.8± 1 1 .6min ,86.4± 1 3.2minvs 1 0 6.5± 1 9.4min和 3.45± 0 .83minvs 4.5 1± 2 .2 7min ,5 .5 9± 0 .78minvs 8.2 7± 4.91min ,P均 <0 .0 5 )。锁骨下静脉穿刺组心室电极导线放置成功率为 1 0 0 % ,而头静脉切开组则为 5 6% ,二者亦有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。而两组并发症发生率无差异。病人对切口及囊袋满意程度的积分 ,锁骨下静脉组明显高于头静脉组 ( 2 .2 4± 0 .5 6vs 1 .92± 0 .5 7,P <0 .0 1 )。结论 :只要锁骨下静脉穿刺技术熟练 ,安置心脏起搏器可首选锁骨下静脉穿刺     

Subclavian atherectomy and angioplasty for coronary subclavian steal syndrome post CABG

Coronary subclavian steal syndrome is an uncommon complication occurring in patients with coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). We describe a case of a 69-year-old male with a remote history of CABG who presented with exertional left arm pain and angina. Computed Tomographic Angiography of the chest demonstrated a severe left proximal subclavian artery stenosis. The case demonstrates successful application of subclavian atherectomy with use of embolic protective device, alleviating the need of stent, for treatment of Coronary subclavian steal syndrome in patient with remote history of CABG.     

Subclavian artery stenting: Immediate and mid term clinical follow-up results

BACKGROUND: Intravascular stents are increasingly being used to treat subclavian artery obstructive disease. This study aimed to assess the immediate and midterm clinical outcome of subclavian artery stenting. METHODS AND RESULTS: Total occlusion of the subclavian artery was seen in 7 (28%) out of the 25 consecutive patients treated for subclavican artery stenosis. Mean lesion length was 14 &#45 4.3 mm. The mean preprocedure diameter stenosis was reduced from 83.2 &#45 14.9% to 9.6 &#45 5.4% postprocedure. success was achieved in all patients. Clinical follow-up was obtained in all patients. The initial success was maintained at follow-up (mean = 12 &#45 4 months) in 24 (96%) patients. Recurrence of symptoms occurred in 1 (4%) patient who had an angiographically documented restenosis four months after the procedure. It was successfully redilated. CONCLUSION: Stenting for subclavian artery obstructive disease is safe, technically feasible and has favorable clinical outcomes. It may be considered as the therapy of choice for subclavian artery Procedural obstructive disease. (Int J Cardiovasc Intervent 2000; 3: 231-235)     

锁骨下动脉损伤的手术治疗(附5例报告)

目的总结锁骨下动脉损伤的外科治疗方法。方法锁骨下动脉损伤患者5例。锁骨上平行切口1例,锁骨上平行切口+胸骨正中切口4例;1例行动脉结扎,4例行直接缝合修补。结果5例均治愈,无手术并发症发生。结论锁骨下动脉损伤是一种严重而复杂的血管损伤,选择合理的手术入路和适当的手术方法,是手术安全、成功的关键。