增强CT定量分析在骶骨骨巨细胞瘤诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨骶骨骨巨细胞瘤的CT增强扫描特点及其在诊断中的应用价值.方法回顾分析60例骶骨肿瘤患者的CT增强扫描特点,依据病理结果,划分骨巨细胞瘤(实验组)与非骨巨细胞瘤(对照组)进行统计学分析,定量研究CT增强扫描后CT值的变化特征.结果在60例骶骨肿瘤中,骨巨细胞瘤22例,增强后强化最显著区域平均CT值为121.59±21.82HU;非骨巨细胞瘤38例,增强后强化最显著区域平均CT值为61.24±20.60HU;二者之间差异显著(P＜0.05).ROC曲线分析表明,当CT值≥97HU时,诊断骨巨细胞瘤的敏感度为90.9%,特异性为99.97%.结论 CT增强扫描,CT值的定量分析在骶骨骨巨细胞瘤的定性诊断中有一定的导向价值.     

中药药性量化方法对补虚药功效归类预测的研究

目的对中药药性依其重要性进行更深层次的多值量化分析,将比定性的文字表述和简单的二值量化表示更有意义.方法以补虚药为研究对象,药性为基本特征,在对其进行二值量化和多值量化的基础上,采用应用人工神经网络和决策树等数据库知识发现技术,进行对补虚药功效归类判别结果的影响研究.结论结果表明药性的不同量化方法对补虚药的功效归类预测有一定影响,多值量化比二值量化具有更为理想的判别结果.     

浅谈放疗科护理质量控制中的量化管理法

该院放疗科实行护理质量量化、积分管理法，结合科内护理工作的现状，建立了质量标准和岗位责任制，使护理管理有标可查、有据可依、有章可循，调动了科内护士的积极性，提高了护理质量。     

Exploration of the volumetric composition of human lung cancer nodules in correlated histopathology and computed tomography

Gaining a complete and comprehensive understanding of lung cancer nodule histological compositions and how these tissues are represented in radiological data is important not only for expanding the current knowledge base of cancer growth and development but also has potential implications for classification standards, radiological diagnosis methods and for the evaluation of treatment response. In this study we generate large scale histological segmentations of the cancerous and non-cancerous tissues within resected lung nodules. We have implemented a processing pipeline which allows for the direct correlation between histological data and spatially corresponding computed tomography data. Utilizing these correlated datasets we evaluated the statistical separation between Hounsfield Unit (HU) histogram values for each tissue type. The findings of this study revealed that lung cancer nodules contain a complex intermixing of cellular tissue types and that trends exist in the relationship between these tissue types. It was found that the mean Hounsfield Unit values for isolated lung cancer nodules imaged with computed tomography, had statistically significantly different values for non-solid bronchoalveolar carcinoma, solid cancerous tumor, blood, and inactive fibrotic stromal tissue.     

OncoTREAT: a software assistant for cancer therapy monitoring

ObjectCancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and therapy options are often associated with severe stress for the patient and high costs. Therefore, precise evaluation of therapy success is essential. Material and Methods In the framework of the VICORA research project (Virtual Institute for Computer Assistance in Clinical Radiology), a software application was developed to support the radiologist in evaluating the response to tumor therapy. The application provides follow-up support for oncological therapy monitoring by volumetric quantification of lung, liver and brain metastases as well as enlarged lymph nodes and assists the user by temporal registration of lesion positions. Results With close cooperation between computer scientists and radiologists the application was tested and optimized to achieve a high degree of usability. Several clinical studies were carried out to evaluate the robustness and reproducibility of the volumetry methods. Conclusion Automatic volumetry and segmentation allows reliable detection of tumor growth and has the potential to increase reliability and significance of monitoring tumor growth in follow-up examinations.     

Simultaneous quantification of 14 ginsenosides in Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Korean red ginseng) by HPLC-ELSD and its application to quality control

A new method of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD) was developed for the simultaneous quantification of 14 major ginsenosides, which are the marker compounds of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Korean red ginseng). Various types of ginseng samples were extracted, and the amounts of the 14 ginsenosides (Rg1, Re, Rf, Rh1, Rg2, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, Rd, Rg3, Rk1, Rg5, and Rh2) were determined by reverse-phase HPLC-ELSD using digoxin as an internal standard. The mobile phase consisted of a programmed gradient of aqueous acetonitrile. Calibration curves for each ginsenoside were determined for the quantification. The method was validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection, and limit of quantification. This quantification method was applied to several finished ginseng products including white ginseng, red ginseng powder, and red ginseng concentrate. The amounts of the 14 ginsenosides in the various ginseng samples could be analyzed simultaneously. This validated HPLC method is expected to provide a new basis for the quality assessment of ginseng products.     

温病湿热证湿热量化的相关性实验研究

目的;为探讨温病湿热证湿热量化的实验方法,在以往研究基础上,筛选出相关性强的量化指标。方法;通过复制湿热证动物模型,采用Bradford方法测定水通道蛋白2(AQP2)含量,放免法检测内皮素(ET)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP),一步双抗夹心酶联免疫法检测粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF),比色法检测中分子(MMS)和巯基(R-SH)物质等。结果;湿热证模型组AQP2水平较正常组明显降低,用清香散治疗后AQP2水平基本恢复正常,与正常组接近。湿热模型组ET水平较正常对照组明显升高,而CGRP较正常组降低(P<0.01)。湿热证模型大鼠血中G-CSF、MMS升高,而R-SH水平降低,经清香散治疗1周后.大鼠血中G-CSF、MMS及R-SH基本恢复正常,模型对照组G-CSF阳性率升高。结论;AQP2与ET、CGRP、G-CSF、R-SH、MMS分别可作为“湿”偏重,“热”偏重,“湿热病因”的相关性量化指标。这些技术指标对湿热定性、量化,清热祛湿药物的研究以及湿热证“证”本质的深入探讨有重要意义。     

Estimation of chlorpyrifos distribution in forensic visceral samples and body fluids using LCMS method

The ingestion of the insecticide chlorpyrifos leads to fatal intoxication in suicidal cases, and its distribution can be assessed only after post-mortem. This study attempted to investigate the distribution of chlorpyrifos in forensic visceral tissue samples like stomach, liver, kidney, heart, brain, lung, spleen, muscle and body fluids like blood and urine by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with the liquid-liquid extraction method. An analysis time of 8.77 min with 1 μl as an injection volume was chosen. The results obtained are analysed using Labsolutions insight LCMS software, considering Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) and Retention Time (RT). Our findings depict that the stomach tissue has very high concentrations of chlorpyrifos, which suggests the possibility of high distribution and aspiration in the stomach tissue. The concentration of chlorpyrifos in stomach tissue ranged from 816 to 901 μg/g in male cadavers and from 443 to 612 μg/g in female cadavers. Among all the tissues, the stomach tissue showed the highest concentration, while the lowest concentration was found in muscle. Metabolic distribution of chlorpyrifos from the stomach contents to the other surrounding organs may occur and hence the concentrations of CPF were also seen in other organs like the liver, lung, kidney, brain, and muscle. These toxicological results from autopsy findings, together with LC-MS/MS indicate that stomach tissue examination gives an accurate profile of insecticide poisoning in forensic samples with acute poisoning.     

Determination of potentially hallucinogenic N-dimethylated indoleamines in human urine by HPLC/ESI-MS-MS

A new method for the determination of N,N-dimethyl-5-hydroxytryptamine (bufotenine), N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT)*, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeODMT), and N-methyltryptamine (NMT) was developed using highperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Identification of the analytes is based on liquid chromatographic retention times of analytes and two fragment ions produced by a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Quantification is based on electrospray ionization (ESI), and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was also utilized for getting better selectivity. The analytes and internal standard were separated from the urine matrix by solid-phase extraction (SPE). The method was applied for the determination of these compounds in urine samples of patients from surgical, medical and psychiatric wards. Of the dimethylated amines, only bufotenine was found in significant amounts (up to 34 &#119 g/L). In keeping with our earlier results, the bufotenine excretion of psychiatric patients was found to be higher than that of the somatic patients. Method, procedure, considerations, statistical evaluations and urine sample spectra are presented.