L’intuition délirante comme phénomène élémentaire de la psychose

Aims

This article sets out to delineate and understand more fully the concept of delusional intuition from the standpoints of psychiatry and psychoanalysis. We question the term of “intuition” itself, and wonder if it should be retained. We also ask whether delusional intuition is specific to a particular form of psychosis.

Globalisation des politiques de santé et psychiatrie française : enjeux et impacts

Objective

In recent years, the French psychiatric landscape seems to be shifting towards an approach that focuses on community care. The purpose of this article is to comment on this recent evolution as well as the impact of these changes. It is important to discuss because of the links that our psychiatric institutions have established with organizations entertaining a global view of mental health, such as the World Health Organization.

Place de l’hystérie dans les nosographies psychopathologiques et les approches psychodynamiques contemporaines

AimThe aim of this study is to focus on the place of hysteria in psychiatric nosographies and the psychoanalytic conceptions of the 21st century, across the different classification models: the diagnostic criteria are very heterogeneous, and this does not facilitate pluridisciplinary teamwork.MethodA literature review to analyse place and evolution of hysterical neurosis in national and international psychiatric nosographies (DSM, ICD10, CFTM) and in psychoanalytic conceptualizations (PDM, the structural approaches of Bergeret and Lacan, the processual approaches of Roussillon and Benedetti).ResultsWe note a gradual disappearance of hysteria and neurosis in successive versions of the DSM, from DSM-3 to DSM-5. Hysteria is broken down into several disorders in the ICD10. This makes it more difficult to reach a consensual diagnosis in a clinical team. Conversely, hysteria has retained its founding and fundamental place in all psychoanalytical nosographies.DiscussionThe divide between the American DSM-5 psychiatric nosography and psychoanalytical nosographies seems increasingly marked in the field of neuroses, despite the beginnings of an integration of a dimensional perspective. We can also note the plurality of views of hysteria within the psychoanalytic field. Authors present hysteria either as a neurosis or as a personality structure that is able to function on an adaptive or decompensated mode (Bergeret). The plurality of theoretical models constructed to understand hysteria has resulted in a transnographic extension of hysteria, since several authors (Roussillon, Benedetti) postulate that it is possible to find hysterical elements in the most severe narcissistic disorders.ConclusionWhile it seems difficult to construct an integrative model including the anthropological, psychodynamic and biological dimensions of hysteria, making it possible to reach a consensual diagnosis in a clinical team, the numerous theoretical models in the psychodynamic field provide each clinician with useful benchmarks to understand and to manage hysteria.     

Peut-on réhabiliter le concept d’institution en psychiatrie ?

Introduction“Deinstitutionalization” has penetrated French public policies in the field of mental health. Studying the polysemy of the term institution is thus once again necessary so that French psychiatry does not lose the sight of its history and can continue to innovate in the organisation of mental healthcare.MethodAs part of our doctoral research, we conducted a literature review of articles from several disciplines in the humanities and social sciences, as well as books and articles from the corpus of institutional psychotherapy (1952 to the late 1990s).ResultWhile sociology and institutionalist economics consider the institution primarily in its static sense, assimilating it to a set of rules governing behaviours, some philosophers and clinical psychologists, on the contrary, tend to rather consider the institution as a living ecosystem.DiscussionThe particular meaning of the term institution in French psychiatry, taken above all as a process and not as its result, has been challenged with the import of the meaning of the term in English, where it is more focused on the material edifice and, in psychiatry, confused with the psychiatric hospital itself.ConclusionIn the setting of a massive development of networks and partnerships between healthcare, medico-social and common law structures, we plead for a rehabilitation of the term institution, in order to theorize a “trans-institutional” psychotherapy connected to the principles and history of the sector system.     

Mai 1968 à travers le monde. Quelques slogans,avancées et dérapages

Nineteen-sixty-eight is for sure the year that held the most, people's attention during the sixties, the decade that witnessed many events of international scope, than never before. Those changes that occurred in May-June 1968 strengthened and achieved procedures on the way long ago, or acted as starters for news schemes witch sparkle many other happenings in many spans of life, yet lasting beyond 1968. This milestone is recalled each decade and furthermore on the fiftieth anniversary. While complying with this context, the work presented tends to revisit that time and the phenomenon of May 1968, through the slogans used, maintaining the cheer experienced during that time range, without cancelling, none ignoring those moments less glad, worst the horrors that did happened and so often covered. Many major shifts occurred, however one has to be aware not to yield hand to utopia or myth or even worst make counterproductive choices.     

Making Sense of the ‘Chemical Revolution’. Patients’ Voices on the Introduction of Neuroleptics in?the 1950s

The so-called chemical revolution has produced a vast historiographical corpus. Yet the patient’s voice remains surprisingly absent from these stories. Based on the archives of the Institut de Psychiatrie (Brussels), this paper traces the introduction of Largactil as recounted in patient letters, physician records and nurse notes. The paper thus contributes to the history of therapies from below, but also participates in the historiographical debate about whether the introduction of neuroleptics can indeed be considered a revolution.     

Pierre Schützenberger (1888–1973) : un aliéniste,expert dans l’affaire des sœurs Papin (Partie II)

Originally from an ancient Protestant family of the Alsace area, that has produced renowned Scientists and Artists over the past centuries, the name of Pierre Schützenberger (1879–1973) remains associated with the case of the Papin sisters where he was appointed expert along with Victor Truelle (1871–1938) and Jacques Baruk (1872–1975). Appointed to the Seine Asylum competition in 1924, Schützenberger persued his career in various provincial Asylums or Psychiatric Hospitals: Pontorson (1925–1929), Le Mans (1933–1934), La Charité-sur-Loire (1930–1932), Blois (1935–1943), Moulin-Izeure (1944–1945). During the German occupation, he was sentenced and imprisoned in the military jails of Orléans and Blois for 45 days. He had hidden some sanitary equipment to the Germans. During the German occupation, he was considered as anti-German then he sentenced by national unworthiness (in September, 1945–in May, 1949) at the Liberation. Maurice Lecomte was his colleague at Blois’ Hospital. He has qualified him to be anti-Jewish. It was a false charge among others, which was only an alibi for a settling of accounts against Schützenberger. Charles Galperin is the living witness of his rescue of Jewish child during the German occupation by Schützenberger. In April 1946, he opened an independent medical practice for children with psychological and/or social disorders in Martangy near Nolay (1946–1948). Then, he moved to Vaureal (Val-d’Oise). From 1949 to 1957, he was doctor in the medical-psychological service for child and adolescent in the hospital of Ravenel (1949–1957) who has obtained a reduced sentence. Schützenberger was an expert in the courts and a member of the Clinical Society of Mental Health (1924), of the Le Mans Clinical Society (1933), of the Medical-Psychological Society (1934) and of the Forensic Society (1937). Schützenberger completed a few publications and annual moral and administrative reports. Schützenberger appears to us more like a Psychiatrist concerned with professional interests and institutional organisation than a clinical Psychiatrist.     

L’éthique de la recherche en psychiatrie adulte

Medical research aims to improve the human condition by developing a body of knowledge valid and reliable. The history of medicine over the centuries, however, was marked by numerous scandals showing the possible misuse of research when it is not framed with an ethical, or the law. The ethical debate is ongoing and researchers must continually examine their practices. In psychiatry, the object of research is a human being made vulnerable by his trouble. The aim of this article is examine the theoretical foundations of ethic in research on human being. It is therefore a reflection of the true significance of this concept, its history, its principles and particularities in the field of psychiatry.