Resting and exercise left ventricular function in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) at rest and during exercise was measured in 19 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) by means of radionuclide angiography. The results were compared to those in 20 normal subjects. Based on hemodynamic data, patients with HCM were divided into three groups. In group I, no demonstrable left ventricular outflow obstruction, there were five patients; their mean EF increased from 68% +/- 8.9 (+/- SD) at rest to 74% +/- 9.2 during exercise (p less than 0.05). In group II, latent obstruction, there were six patients; their mean EF at rest (75.2% +/- 8.2) and at peak exercise (78.7% +/- 6.7) was not statistically different (p greater than 0.05). Group III, obstruction present at rest, consisted of eight patients; EF at rest (82.6% +/- 8.5) decreased significantly during exercise (75.6% +/- 7.7, p less than 0.01). In normal subjects resting EF was 66.3% +/- 7.6; it increased to 76.4% +/- 7 (p less than 0.001). Exercise duration and heart rate-blood pressure product were lower in groups II and III. Thus there are significant differences in left ventricular systolic function both at rest and during exercise between these three major hemodynamic subgroups. These findings emphasize the importance of such a hemodynamic classification of HCM.     

益气散结法联合 mFOLFOX6术后辅助化疗治疗Ⅲ期结肠癌的临床研究

目的：观察益气散结法联合 mFOLFOX6术后辅助化疗对Ⅲ期结肠癌的治疗作用。方法将80例病理分期为Ⅲ期的结肠癌术后患者随机分为对照组与治疗组,每组40例。对照组单纯行 mFOLFOX6术后辅助化疗,治疗组口服散结益气法中药联合化疗治疗。观察两组病例的1年后生活质量评分、3年无病生存率（DFS）、5年生存时间及化疗毒副作用的发生率。结果1年后两组生存质量评分治疗组高于对照组（P ﹤0.05）。两组3年 DFS 与5年平均生存时间比较,治疗组均较对照组延长,但差异无统计学意义（P ﹥0.05）。治疗过程中治疗组的白细胞减少、胃肠道反应和周围神经毒性反应发生率明显低于对照组（P ﹤0.05）。结论益气散结法联合化疗治疗结肠癌能部分减低化疗药物的不良反应,对提高患者生存质量和生存时间具有一定意义。     

通腑化瘀汤对术后肠梗阻大鼠小肠动力及IL-6、IL-10的影响

[目的] 研究通腑化瘀汤对术后肠梗阻(POI)模型大鼠小肠动力及血清白介素(IL)-6、IL-10的影响,探讨中药对促进POI胃肠功能恢复的作用。[方法] 实验动物按体质量随机分为空白组、对照组和药物组,手术建立大鼠POI模型。药物组给予通腑化瘀汤灌胃,对照组给予等量的生理盐水,空白组不予干预。术后24 h测定各指标。[结果] 与空白组相比,对照组的小肠推进率显著降低,血清IL-6水平显著升高,血清IL-10也升高(P<0.05);与对照组相比,药物组的小肠推进率显著升高,血清IL-6水平显著降低,血清IL-10显著升高(P<0.05);且小肠推进率与血清IL-6浓度呈负相关,与血清IL-10浓度呈正相关。药物组肠黏膜的病理评分也低于对照组(P<0.05)。[结论] 通腑化瘀汤可改善小肠动力,降低促炎因子IL-6同时提高抗炎因子IL-10的表达,从而缓解POI,保护胃肠功能。     

亚低温对大面积脑梗死患者开颅术后血清中TNF-α、IL-6水平的影响

目的探讨亚低温对大面积脑梗死的神经保护机制。方法选取2010年1月—2013年12月该院60例大面积脑梗死手术患者,随机分为两组,每组30例。对照组按常规治疗,亚低温治疗组加用亚低温治疗。分别于伤后1、3、5、7 d采血,用放射免疫分析法测定血清TNF-α和IL-6的含量。结果伤后1 d两组患者血浆TNF-α和IL-6含量均明显升高,但两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);自伤后3 d起两组患者血清TNF-α和IL-6含量均呈下降趋势,亚低温治疗组明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论亚低温可通过抑制大面积脑梗死后TNF-α和IL-6的合成与分泌,减轻炎症反应程度,从而发挥神经保护作用。     

胰腺癌微环境中胰腺星状细胞(PSC)分泌的细胞因子为药物靶点的研究进展

 胰腺癌是一种发病率高、病死率高的恶性疾病,进展快、恶性程度高、预后差,其生存率一直得不到提高。肿瘤进展不仅取决于肿瘤细胞本身的生物学特性,而且与多种非肿瘤性基质细胞构成的微环境密切相关。胰腺星状细胞是产生癌周基质及其相关因子的重要细胞,近年来成为胰腺癌研究新热点。本文论述了胰腺星状细胞分泌的多种能够促使胰腺癌增殖迁移的细胞因子(TGF β,IL 6,FGF2和TGF α)及其已经发现的靶向药物,这些细胞因子有望成为药物筛选靶点。     

瑞舒伐他汀对2型糖尿病视网膜病变患者血清PEDF、IL-6水平的影响

目的探讨瑞舒伐他汀对2型糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)患者血清PEDF、IL-6水平的影响。方法选取60例2型糖尿病视网膜病变患者,随机分为实验组(瑞舒伐他汀治疗)30例和空白对照组(仅常规降血糖治疗)30例,疗程为3个月。分析两组患者治疗前后血清PEDF、IL-6、TC、TG、LDL、HDL、FPG、2h PG、Hb A1c水平以及DR分期的变化情况。结果实验组血清IL-6、TC、TG、LDL、FPG、2h PG、Hb A1c水平及DR分期与治疗前比较明显下降,血清PEDF、HDL水平与治疗前比较明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。空白对照组中FPG、2h PG、Hb A1c水平较治疗前明显下降(P<0.01),其余各指标与治疗前比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。实验组治疗前后的差值(ΔPEDF、ΔIL-6、ΔDR分期、ΔTC、ΔTG、ΔLDL、ΔHDL)与对照组治疗前后的差值比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论瑞舒伐他汀能显著降低DR患者血清IL-6水平,升高血清PEDF水平,从而延缓了DR患者的病情进展。     

FEV1/FEV6 is effective as a surrogate for FEV1/FVC in the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Background and objectiveChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) causes substantial morbidity and mortality across the globe. Diagnosis of COPD requires post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC <0.70 as per GOLD Guidelines. FVC maneuver requires a minimum of 6 seconds of forceful expiration with no flow for 1 second for an accepted effort, which lacks any fixed cut-off point. This leads to discomfort, especially in advanced COPD and old aged population. We conducted this study to find the utility of FEV1/FEV6 as a surrogate for FEV1/FVC, the correlation between the two ratios, and the fixed cut-off value of FEV1/FEV6 for COPD diagnosis.MethodsThis was a prospective, cross-sectional study approved by the institutional ethics committee conducted from January 2017 to November 2018. Consented patients above 18 years suspected of COPD underwent Spirometry as per ATS guidelines. FEV1, FEV6, FEV1/FEV6 and FEV1/FVC ratios were recorded from the best acceptable maneuver.ResultsOut of 560 screened patients, 122 diagnosed as COPD. The correlation coefficient between the post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio and FEV1/FEV6 ratio was 0.972 (p < 0.01). The relationship between the post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio and FEV1/FEV6 ratio (linear regression analysis) was found out as: FEV1/FVC = ?1.845 + 1.009(FEV1/FEV6). Using this formula, the post-bronchodilator FEV1/FEV6 value of 71.845 was obtained corresponding to the post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC value of 70.00.ConclusionWe found a positive correlation coefficient (r = 0.972, p < 0.001) between the FEV1/FEV6 and FEV1/FVC ratios and the cut off value of 71.845 (p < 0.01) for the post-bronchodilator FEV1/FEV6 ratio for the diagnosis of COPD. Thus FEV1/FEV6 should be used as a surrogate for FEV1/FVC for the diagnosis of COPD.     

Kawasaki disease with Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase deficiency,case report

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, self-limited vasculitis of unknown etiology that occurs predominantly in infants and children younger than 5 years of age. Coronary artery abnormalities are the most serious complication.Based on the literatures infusion of Intravenous Immunoglobulin of 2 g/kg and a high dose of oral aspirin up to 100 mg/kg/day are the standard treatment for Kawasaki disease in the acute stage, and should be followed by antiplatelet dose of aspirin for thrombocytosis. Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an inherited X-linked hereditary disorder, and aspirin can induce hemolysis in patients with G6PD deficiency. We report a case of a 5 year and 8 month old male with KD and G6PD deficiency.     

Characteristics of K+ Outward Currents in the Cochlear Outer Hair Cells of Circling Mice within the First Postnatal Week

K⁺ outward currents in the outer hair cells (OHCs) of circling mice (homozygous (cir/cir) mice), an animal model for human deafness (DFNB6 type), were investigated using a whole cell patch clamp technique. Littermate heterozygous (+/cir) mice of the same age (postnatal day (P) 0 -P6) were used as controls. Similar slow rising K⁺ currents were observed in both genotypes, but their biophysical and pharmacological properties were quite different. The values of V_half for activation were significantly different in the heterozygous (+/cir) and homozygous (cir/cir) mice (-8.1±2.2 mV, heterozygous (+/cir) mice (n=7) and -17.2±4.2 mV, homozygous (cir/cir) mice (n=5)). The inactivation curve was expressed by a single first order Boltzmann equation in the homozygous (cir/cir) mice, while it was expressed by a sum of two first order Boltzmann equations in the heterozygous (+/cir) mice. The K⁺ current of homozygous (cir/cir) mice was more sensitive to TEA in the 1 to 10 mM range, while the 4-AP sensitivities were not different between the two genotypes. Removal of external Ca²⁺ did not affect the K⁺ currents in either genotype, indicating that the higher sensitivity of K⁺ current to TEA in the homozygous (cir/cir) mice was not due to an early expression of Ca²⁺ activated K⁺ channels. Our results suggest that the K⁺ outward current of developing homozygous (cir/cir) mice OHCs is different in both biophysical and pharmacological aspects than that of heterozygous (+/cir) mice.