冠心病患者冠状动脉介入治疗前后tPA和PAI的变化

目的观察冠心病患者行冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）手术前后血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活物（tPA）及纤溶酶原激活抑制剂（PAI）的动态变化。方法采用ELISA法对50例冠心病患者在PCI（包括PTCA和冠脉支架植入）手术前、手术后即刻和手术后4 d测定血浆中tPA和PAI的活性,并将冠心病患者的tPA、PAI浓度和tPA/PAI比值进行比较。结果冠心病患者tPA活性较正常对照组明显降低,PAI活性明显增高,在PAI手术后即刻tPA活性较手术前明显降低,但术后4 d回升,较正常对照组仍然明显降低,较PCI手术前无明显差异 冠心病患者PAI活性在PCI手术后明显升高,与手术前比较具有明显差异性,但术后4 d下降,,较PCI手术前无明显差异,但仍高于正常对照组。结论冠心病患者PCI手术存在着内皮损伤,导致手术后出现纤溶功能降低,而纤溶功能的低下会影响PCI的治疗效果。     

银杏黄酮甙对糖尿病大鼠肾组织PAI-1、MMPs-3表达的影响

目的探讨银杏黄酮甙对糖尿病大鼠肾脏保护作用机制。方法选择雄性SD大鼠48只，随机分为3组，每组16只，即正常对照组（A组），糖尿病组（B组），银杏黄酮甙治疗组（C组）。B、C组腹腔注射链脲佐菌素（STZ）制模成功后，C组给予银杏黄酮甙灌胃，10周后将大鼠宰杀，用免疫组化方法观察肾脏PAI-1、MMPs-3的表达。结果与A组相比免疫组化：PAI-1第6周时B、C组均高于A组（P〈0．01，P〈0．05），持续至第10周（P〈0．01），但C组低于B组（P〈0．01）。MMPs-3第6周时B组低于A组（P〈0．05），持续至第10周（P〈0．01），C组则高于A、B组（P〈0．01）。结论STZ诱导的糖尿病大鼠PAI-1表达增强、MMPs-3表达下调。应用银杏黄酮甙治疗，可以使PAI-1的表达下调，MMPs-3的表达上调，对糖尿病大鼠肾脏有保护作用。     

急性肺损伤/急性呼吸窘迫综合征血凝状态异常及抗凝治疗进展

ALI/ARDS是由局部或全身的多种疾病引起的一种常见的危重病,目前尚缺乏新的特异性强的治疗手段。近年来许多研究者开始关注ALI/ARDS发生时凝血和纤维蛋白溶解系统的异常并通过改变这些异常来研究治疗ALI/ARDS的方法。本文综述了近年来报道的ALI/ARDS发生时凝血系统及纤维蛋白溶解系统的变化特点,特别是组织因子通路、蛋白C通路及由纤溶酶原活化物抑制因子(PAI-1)调节的纤维蛋白溶解系统,这些可能成为ALI/ARDS新的治疗靶点和研究的方向。     

In vitro and in vivo antimetastatic effects of Terminalia catappa L. leaves on lung cancer cells.

Terminalia catappa L. was a popular folk medicine and has several proven biological activities including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. The present study investigated the effect of the extract of T. catappa leaves (TCE) on invasion and motility of tumor cells to find that TCE exerted a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the invasion and motility of highly metastatic A549 and Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells. To further investigate the precise involvement of TCE in tumor metastasis, A549 and LLC cells were treated with TCE at various concentrations, up to 100 microg/mL, for a specified period and results from zymography and Western blotting showed that a TCE treatment may decrease the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-2, -9, urokinase plasminogen activator and their endogenous inhibitors, that is tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of TCE on the growth and metastasis of LLC cells in vivo was proven. These results indicated that TCE could be applied to be a potential antimetastatic agent.     

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in veterinary medicine

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection is the most common type of colibacillosis of young animals (primarily pigs and calves), and it is a significant cause of diarrhoea among travellers and children in the developing world. The main virulence attributes of ETEC are adhesins and enterotoxins, which are mostly regulated on large plasmids. Almost all ETEC bacteria are known to adhere to receptors on the small intestinal epithelium by their proteinaceous surface appendages (fimbriae, pili) or by afimbrial proteins without inducing significant morphological changes. Furthermore, they secrete protein toxins (enterotoxins) to reduce absorption and to increase fluid and electrolyte secretion of small intestinal epithelial cells. Regarding details of epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and prevention of ETEC infections and diarrhoea in animals, readers are referred to an earlier more extensive review [Nagy and Fekete, 1999. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in farm animals. Vet. Res. 30, 259-284]. This paper intends to summarise our basic knowledge and to highlight the new developments and most actual research topics in the area of ETEC infections in veterinary medicine. Attention is paid to recently described new virulence factors and to new genetic vectors in ETEC bacteria. Applications of our knowledge in the diagnosis and prevention of ETEC diarrhoea in animals will also be discussed.     

慢性肺心病脂质过氧化物一氧化氮内源性纤溶酶原激活物及其抑制剂的变化

为了探讨脂质过氧化物、一氧化氮、纤溶系统与慢性肺心病肺动脉高压形成的关系,对３２例急性加重期和４０例缓解期肺心病患者血清丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、一氧化氮（ＮＯ）、血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活物（ｔ－ＰＡ）及ｔ—ＰＡ抑制剂（ＰＡＩ）含量进行测定,并与４２例正常人作对比研究。结果提示急性期肺心病患者血清ＭＤＡ、血浆ＰＡＩ显著高于肺心病缓解期患者及正常人,而急性期肺心病患者血清ＳＯＤ、ＮＯ、血浆ｔ—ＰＡ显著低于肺心病缓解期患者及正常人,差异均具显著性（Ｐ＜００１）;缓解期肺心病患者血清ＭＤＡ、血浆ＰＡＩ高于正常人,而血清ＳＯＤ、ＮＯ、血浆ｔ—ＰＡ低于正常人,但差异不具显著性（Ｐ＞００５）。总之,脂质过氧化、一氧化氮含量减少,纤溶系统功能失衡与肺心病肺动脉高压的形成或加重有关     

胶艾颗粒剂对"虚寒失血型"动物出血的影响

目的:探讨胶艾颗粒剂的止血作用及其机制。方法:采取放血法并ip龙胆草水煎液造成虚寒失血型动物模型。取血浆用ELISA法测定血浆血管性血友病因子(vWF)和血浆血小板a颗粒膜蛋白-140(GMP-140)含量;用发色沉淀法测定血浆组织纤溶酶原激活剂(t-PA)和纤溶酶原激活剂抑制物(PAI)含量;用比浊法测定血小板功能。结果:胶艾颗粒剂可使虚寒失血型模型动物血浆t-PA含量降低而PAI含量增高(p<0.01);可使虚寒失血型模型动物血浆vWF水平下降(p<0.01);对虚寒失血动物血小板聚集功能和血浆GMP-140含量未产生明显的影响。结论:以上实验结果表明,胶艾颗粒剂能抑制t-PA激活纤维溶解蛋白,保护血管内皮细胞,加速血管内膜修复,从而发挥止血作用。且止血不留瘀。其作用与剂量呈正比例关系。     

Yogurt consumption is associated with better diet quality and metabolic profile in American men and women

The evidence-based Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends increasing the intake of fat-free or low-fat milk and milk products. However, yogurt, a nutrient-dense milk product, has been understudied. This cross-sectional study examined whether yogurt consumption was associated with better diet quality and metabolic profile among adults (n = 6526) participating in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring (1998-2001) and Third Generation (2002-2005) cohorts. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake, and the Dietary Guidelines Adherence Index (DGAI) was used to measure overall diet quality. Standardized clinical examinations and laboratory tests were conducted. Generalized estimating equations examined the associations of yogurt consumption with diet quality and levels of metabolic factors. Approximately 64% of women (vs 41% of men) were yogurt consumers (ie, consumed >0 servings/week). Yogurt consumers had a higher DGAI score (ie, better diet quality) than nonconsumers. Adjusted for demographic and lifestyle factors and DGAI, yogurt consumers, compared with nonconsumers, had higher potassium intakes (difference, 0.12 g/d) and were 47%, 55%, 48%, 38%, and 34% less likely to have inadequate intakes (based on Dietary Reference Intake) of vitamins B2 and B12, calcium, magnesium, and zinc, respectively (all P ≤ .001). In addition, yogurt consumption was associated with lower levels of circulating triglycerides, glucose, and lower systolic blood pressure and insulin resistance (all P < .05). Yogurt is a good source of several micronutrients and may help to improve diet quality and maintain metabolic well-being as part of a healthy, energy-balanced dietary pattern.     

PSS注射液对早期糖尿病肾病t-PA/PAI-1异常的影响及疗效观察

 目的探讨PSS注射液防治早期糖尿病肾病的疗效及其机制。方法178例早期糖尿病肾病患者被随机分为对照组72例，以格列喹酮(糖适平)30 mg·次^-1，po，tid；治疗组106例，在此治疗的基础上，PSS注射液100 mg加入0.9%氯化钠静滴，每日1次，连续观察14 d。结果治疗组血浆的tPA/PAI-1的活性，全血黏度，血浆黏度，纤维蛋白原，血清TG，TCH，APOB100，LDLC，24 h尿蛋白定量，尿白蛋白排出率和肾功能都有显著性的改善(P＜0.001)；与对照组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05或P＜0.001)。对照组只有高切全血黏度和三酰甘油有显著性的改善(P＜0.05)。结论PSS注射液可通过调节t PA/PAI-1的活性、降低血脂、血黏度，改善肾脏微循环，减少尿蛋白的排出；适用于防治糖尿病的早期肾损害。