NO对抗精子抗体阳性大鼠精子自发顶体反应的影响

目的 :探讨 NO对抗精子抗体 ( As Ab)阳性大鼠精子自发顶体反应的影响。方法 :采用主动免疫法建立 As Ab阳性大鼠动物模型 ;浅盘凝集实验和 ELISA法检测大鼠血清 As Ab;考马斯亮蓝染色法进行精子顶体染色 ,以观察大鼠自发精子顶体反应率。结果 :As Ab阳性大鼠精子自发 AR%下降 ,且内源性 NO含量、精子内 SOD和 Na+ -K+ ATP酶活性明显低于对照组 ;低剂量 NO( SNP1 0 - 9～ 1 0 - 8mol/L)可提高 As Ab阳性大鼠精子自发顶体反应率、SOD活性 ,但对 Na+ -K+ATP酶活性无影响 ( P>0 .0 5 )。高剂量 NO( SNP1 0 - 6 ～ 1 0 - 4mol/L)则进一步降低上述三项指标。结论 :As Ab阳性大鼠自发顶体反应率降低可能与精子内 NO生成减少、O2 - ·产生增多 ( SOD活性降低 )有关。低浓度 NO可以灭活过量的超氧化物而提高 As Ab阳性大鼠精子自发顶体反应率 ;但过高浓度 NO则损害精子的功能     

谈中医术语“气”的英译

谈中医术语“气”的英译江苏省海门卫校（江苏２２６１００）袁洪仁中医术语“气”的内涵较多，在中医及中西医结合等文献中有多种英译：（互）ｏ，（２）Ｖｉｔａｌｅｎｅｒｇｙ，（３）Ｖｉｔａｌ－Ｑｉ，（４）ｈ。ｌｔｈｔｅｎｅｒｓｓ，（５）ｈ。ｌｔｈｓＱｉ等。按...     

关于中西医结合研究的思考

关于中西医结合研究的思考王得奎，吴凤芹中西医结合是要通过对中西两种医学的去粗取精，去伪存真并将其有机结合起来，成为既原于中西医又高于中西医的新医学派。几年来，笔者通过对该杂志的学习获益匪浅，但是我们觉得有的文章在研究的方法上似乎尚有不足之处有待改进，...     

全国中西医结合活血化瘀基础及血瘀证动物模型研究学术会议纪要

全国中西医结合活血化瘀基础及血瘀证动物模型研究学术会议纪要全国中西医结合活血化瘀基础及血瘀证动物模型研究学术会议于１９９６年９月６日～１０日在天津市召开。会议共收到论文１５８篇。大会交流论文１８篇、分组讨论３０篇。由来自全国各地的代表共１００余人参加...     

发展中医学的战略思路

发展中医学的战略思路季钟朴发展中医学离不开现代科学（包括现代医学），当然也离不开中西医结合。无论从中医学国际会议论文、国家级杂志论文、中医硕士、博士论文看，７０％～８０％都离不开现代科学，离不开与现代医学的结合。只有改革开放才能发展，封闭保守就停止发...     

Inhibition of the electrogenic Na,K pump and Na,K-ATPase activity by tetraethylammonium, tetrabutylammonium, and apamin

The K+-induced hyperpolarization of Na-loaded mouse diaphragm muscle, enzymatic activity of Na,K-ATPase and 3H-ouabain binding to rat brain microsomes was measured in the presence of K+ channel blockers tetraethylammonium (TEA), tetrabutylammonium (TBA) and apamin. TBA, and to a lesser extent TEA in millimolar concentrations, inhibited the electrogenic effect of the Na,K pump, Na,K-ATPase activity, and 3H-ouabain binding. The inhibition of 3H-ouabain binding by TEA or TBA was more evident in the presence of ATP and Na+ ions. Apamin in nanomolar concentrations inhibited the electrogenic effect of Na,K pump and Na,K-ATPase but not the 3H-ouabain binding. The hyperpolarizing effects of insulin and NADH, but not that of noradrenaline, were also prevented by apamin. The inhibition of Na,K pump by TEA and TBA is apparently due to both competition with K+ for a binding site on the Na,K-ATPase and a reduction in the number of transporting sites. The site of action of apamin on Na,K-ATPase is different from that of tetra-alkylammonium compounds; it apparently decreases the turnover rate of the enzyme.     

Na/Ca交换在心肌细胞Ca~(2+)平衡和CICR过程中的作用

Ca~（2+）平衡是维持心肌细胞正常电生理活动的重要前提。在各种机制中,肌质网Ca-ATPase与肌膜Na/Ca交换蛋白对于维持胞内Ca~（2+）的平衡发挥主要作用。其中肌膜Na/Ca交换蛋白是Ca~（2+）排出胞外的主要途径,并通过调节细胞内静息状态下[Ca~（2+）]调节肌质网的[Ca（2+）]含量,从而调节心肌细胞的收缩力。少量Ca（2+）内流入胞后可触发肌质网释放大量Ca（2+）（CICR）。已证实动作电位峰电位及平台期有Ca（2+）通过Na/Ca内流,这种除极化诱导的Ca（2+）经Na/Ca内流可能是触发CICR的主要因素。总之Na/Ca交换蛋白在兴奋-收缩耦联中的作用需要重新加以评价。     

Effects of chronic ouabain treatment on [H]ouabain binding sites and electrogenic component of membrane potential in cultured rat myotubes

The effects of incubation of cultured rat skeletal myotubes in ouabain were studied on the number of [³H]ouabain binding sites and electrogenic component of membrane potential. Ouabain treatment for 2–6 days increased the number of binding sites, resting membrane potential (E_m) and the ouabain-sensitive component of E_m in the muscle cells. The findings strengthen the idea that Na, K-ATPase has an important role in regulation of E_m in cultured skeletal muscle and suggest that Na-K pump inhibition during development may be a regulatory mechanism for cellular synthesis of Na, K-ATPase.     

Evidence for pH Sensitivity of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Release by Alveolar Macrophages

Alveolar macrophages (mφ) participate in inflammatory and immune responses in acidic microenvironments such as the interstitial fluids of tumors and abscesses. Two plasmalemmal H⁺ extruders interact to control the acid-base status of alveolar mφ, namely a V-type H⁺ pump (V-ATPase) and a Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger. The present study examined the effects of extracellular pH (pH_o) and H⁺ transport inhibitors on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) release induced by endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) in rabbit alveolar mφ. The amount and activity of TNF-α in mφ-conditioned media were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and L929 fibroblast bioassay, respectively. TNF-α release was suppressed progressively at lower pH_o values (≤7.0). Also, bafilomycin A₁ (a specific inhibitor of V-ATPases) significantly reduced the amount and activity of TNF-α in mφ-conditioned media (pH_o 7.4). However, bafilomycin caused a significant increase in the nonspecific cytotoxicity (i.e. bioactivity insensitive to TNF-α antibody) of mφ-conditioned media. The effects of bafilomycin specifically on TNF-α release followed a time course similar to that of acidic pH_o, suggesting that both treatments acted on similar events in the lipopolysaccharide signal transduction pathway. Amiloride (an inhibitor of Na⁺ transporters including the Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger) also suppressed TNF-α release but displayed a time course of action different from the acidic pH_o or bafilomycin. Accepted for publication: 19 June 1997     

Effect of gangliosides on Na,K-ATPase activity and conformation of microsomal membranes

The effect of gangliosides on activity of Na,K-ATPase and K-dependent nitrophenyl-phosphatase was studied. Gangliosides in low concentrations were shown to activate Na,K-ATPase, but to inhibit it in high concentrations. In all concentrations used the gangliosides had only an inhibitory action on K-dependent nitrophenyl-phosphatase. Inhibition of the enzyme by gangliosides was reversible and competitive relative to K⁺. Calculation of Hill's coefficient showed that gangliosides, whether their action was activating or inhibitory, behaved as allosteric effectors. To elucidate the mechanism of action of gangliosides on the enzyme their effect on microsomal membranes was studied by the fluorescent probe method. Gangliosides were found to produce marked conformational changes in microsomal membranes of the brain.Department of Pharmacology and Department of General and Clinical Chemistry, Erevan Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. V. Zakusov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 86, No. 12, pp. 682–684, December, 1978.