加压螺钉内固定股方肌蒂骨瓣移植治疗新鲜股骨颈骨折

自1997年2月～2003年5月，采用股方肌蒂骨瓣移植与加压螺钉内固定治疗新鲜股骨颈骨折73例。获随访的50例，随访时间平均3年2个月。结果46例骨折愈合，愈合率为92％。骨折愈合时间6～9个月。1例出现股骨颈骨折不愈合和股骨头缺血坏死；2例为骨折愈合后再出现股骨头缺血坏死，股骨头缺血坏死率为6％；另1例固断钉而移位，股骨大转子上移后与髂骨融合，导致严重跛行，患者不愿再次接受手术，未子进一步治疗。3例股骨头缺血坏死者，都已行全髋置换。住院期间和出院后均无死亡病例。     

Modest alterations in patterns of motor neuron dendrite morphology in the Fmr1 knockout mouse model for fragile X

Fragile X, an inheritable form of mental retardation, is caused by the inactivation of a gene on the X chromosome, FMR1 which codes for an RNA binding protein, fragile X mental retardation protein. Loss of this protein is associated with reduced complexities of neuronal dendrites and alterations in spine morphology in a number of cortical brain regions, and these deficits may underlie the cognitive impairment observed in fragile X patients. Among the many symptoms of fragile X are altered motor functions, although the neuronal basis for these remains unclear. In this study we investigated whether knockout of Fmr1 in the mouse model of fragile X altered dendrite morphology in developing spinal cord motor neurons. We find that Fmr1 knockout leads to modest alterations in the distribution of dendritic arbor across the span of the motor neuron dendritic tree in 2- and 4-week-old mice, compared to wild-type controls, consistent with slower rates of extension and abnormal pruning of intermediate dendritic segments. These studies suggest that some motor deficits in fragile X patients may be due to abnormal maturation of dendritic patterning within spinal motor neurons, and suggest that strategies aimed at preventing motor impairment in fragile X patients may be targeted at motor functions during early development.     

Artificial Selection for Increased Wheel-Running Behavior in House Mice

Replicated within-family selection for increased voluntary wheel running in outbred house mice (Mus domesticus; Hsd:ICR strain) was applied with four high-selected and four control lines (10 families/line). Mice were housed individually with access to activity wheels for a period of 6 days, and selection was based on the mean number of revolutions run on days 5 and 6. Prior to selection, heritabilities of mean revolutions run per day (rev/day), average running velocity (rpm), and number of minutes during which any activity occurred (min/day) were estimated by midparent–offspring regression. Heritabilities were 0.18, 0.28, and 0.14, respectively; the estimate for min/day did not differ significantly from zero. Ten generations of selection for increased rev/day resulted in an average 75% increase in activity in the four selected lines, as compared with control lines. Realized heritability averaged 0.19 (range, 0.12–0.24 for the high-activity lines), or 0.28 when adjusted for within-family selection. Rev/day increased mainly through changes in rpm rather than min/day. These lines will be studied for correlated responses in exercise physiology capacities and will be made available to other researchers on request.     

鄯善地区小家鼠对杀鼠灵的敏感性

本文报告小家鼠对0.025%杀鼠灵毒饵的敏感性测定,试验在从没用过抗凝血灭鼠剂的新疆鄯善地区进行。现场试验获得的敏感本底图,可作为抗性检验图。以后,试验者可用自己所得数据(各检日有鼠摄食饵点数除以第2天有鼠摄食饵点数的比值),在抗性检验图上填图。如果连续两次检查比值超出检验图的95%置信限上限,就看作抗性。实验室试验获得 LFP_(98)的95%置信限上限为29.5天,取上限的整天数作为抗性检验标准。新疆鄯善小家鼠为0.025%杀鼠灵毒饵吃30天,存活者即为抗药性。     

新疆塔城地区人,畜包虫病流行病学调查研究

本文报告新疆维吾尔自治区的塔城，额敏，袷民和托里等４县（市）包虫病的流行状况。抗原皮试表明当地居民平均阳性率６．８％（２９９５／４３９６６）；男女性别无明差异；阳性者最小年龄２岁，最大８４岁，以４１－５０岁（５．３％）和５１－６０岁（５．４％）两组的阳性率较高；汉族的阳性率亦较高（３．９％）；阳性者又牧心（１２．５％）和农民（５．５％）较为多见。医院病例病案分析显示女性病人高于男性；多数病例为肝包     

超长蒂背阔肌一期矫治面瘫手术方法的随访研究

目的：研究超长蒂背阔肌一期矫治面瘫这一个先进的术式的疗效、改进和发展。方法：通过经超长蒂背阔肌一期手术矫治单侧面瘫的患者的长期随访，评价手术效果，以及手术相关因素的分析。结果：手术有效率为93．8％。二期手术可明显改善术后效果。结论：此术式具有良好的疗效，手术中应注意供受神经直径匹配，尽量缩短肌瓣缺血的时间，手术可同期辅助眼睑筋膜悬吊术。     

结蛋白和抗肌营养不良蛋白在老年腹股沟疝患者腹内斜肌中的表达及意义

目的探索结蛋白和抗肌营养不良蛋白在腹内斜肌中的表达与老年腹股沟疝（inguinalhernia，IH）发病的关系。方法选择40例老年IH患者为研究组，20例无IH的老年阑尾炎患者为对照组，术中取同一解剖部位的腹内斜肌活组织，应用HE染色和免疫组织化学及显微镜图象分析的方法，观察HE染色下肌组织的形态及免疫组化下检测肌细胞内结蛋白和抗肌营养不良蛋白的含量。结果（1）HE染色图像分析表明：两组肌肉组织的形态学改变经分级后比较（P〈0．05），有统计学意义；（2）免疫组织化学和图像分析方法表明：老年IH患者中结蛋白的含量与对照组比较明显减少（P〈0．05）；老年IH患者中抗肌营养不良蛋白的含量与对照组比较明显减少（P〈0．05）。结论老年IH腹内斜肌的肌组织有明显的退行性改变，其肌细胞内结蛋白和抗肌营养不良蛋白表达减少，可能是老年IH发病的机理之一。     

低浓度磷化锌毒饵现场毒杀小家鼠效果观察

本文报道了用0．5％磷化锌毒饵为湛港宾馆毒杀小家鼠，效果满意，鼠密度(粉迹法)从灭鼠前的21．25％降至1.00％，灭鼠率达95．29和,低浓度磷化锌不但不影响灭鼠效果．而且可节省费用，减少二次中毒，降低拒食现象，提高适口性和诱杀力。建议在今后用磷化锌灭鼠时，以低浓度为宜．     

Circadian period in mice: Analysis of genetic and maternal contributions to inbred strain differences

Differences of approximately 25 min in the free-running period of a circadian rhythm for wheel-running activity were observed among four inbred mouse strains (Mus musculus). Two sets of reciprocal hybrid crosses among the strains showed approximately intermediate values for circadian period in one cross and dominance for a short period in the other. Neither set of crosses showed evidence of significant maternal effects on circadian period. These results indicate that the inbred strain differences in circadian period are imposed primarily by direct effects of allelic differences among the strains, rather than through maternally mediated mechanisms.This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant PDF-8166034.