化州市高中学生网瘾综合征知识知晓程度及干预效果分析

[目的]了解化州市中学生对网瘾综合征（简称IAD）知识的认知程度，以便为更好地采取有效的干预措施提供科学依据。[方法]2005年9～11月，对化州市城区4所中学1018名高二级学生于干预实施前与实施健康教育后3个月后分别进行问卷调查。[结果]调查1018人，各项网瘾综合征知识知晓率干预后均高于干预前（P〈0．01）。[结论]采取健康教育干预可以明显提高高中学生对网瘾综合征知识的了解。     

Addressing adolescent substance use with a public health prevention framework: the case for harm reduction

Adolescence is a developmental stage defined in part by risk-taking. Risk-taking is critical to normal development and has important benefits including trying new activities and exploring new relationships. Risk-taking is also associated with the initiation of substance use. Because substance use often begins in adolescence, much focus has been on primary prevention with the goal of preventing initial substance use. Secondary or tertiary prevention approaches, such as counselling to eliminate substance use or offering treatment, are common approaches for adolescents with problematic substance use or a substance use disorder. While this is important, for some adolescents, treatment or cessation of use may not be desired. In these cases, Healthcare Practitioners (HCPs) can offer clear advice that incorporates harm reduction. Harm reduction, which is often applied for adults who use substances, reduces the negative impacts associated with drug use without requiring abstinence. Harm reduction is crucial to keeping adolescents safe and healthy and can offer opportunities for future engagement in treatment. The objective of this review is to describe strategies for integrating harm reduction principles in clinical settings that are developmentally appropriate. A patient-centered, harm reduction approach can validate perceived benefits of substance use, offer strategies to minimise harm, and advise reduction of use and abstinence.

KEY MESSAGES:

• Substance use often begins in adolescence and traditional approaches are often rooted in prevention framework.
• Harm reduction should be incorporated for adolescents with problematic substance use or a substance use disorder.
• This review offers strategies for integration of harm reduction principles tailored towards adolescents.

     

Increased regional homogeneity in internet addiction disorder: a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Background Internet addition disorder （lAD） is currently becoming a serious mental health problem among Chinese adolescents. The pathogenesis of lAD, however, remains unclear. The purpose of this study applied regional homogeneity （ReHo） method to analyze encephalic functional characteristic of lAD college students under resting state. Methods Functional magnetic resonanc image （fMRI） was performed in 19 lAD college students and 19 controls under resting state. ReHo method was used to analyze the differences between the average ReHo in two groups. Results The following increased ReHo brain regions were found in lAD group compared with control group： cerebellum, brainstem, right cingulate gyrus, bilateral parahippocampus, right frontal lobe （rectal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus and middle frontal gyrus）, left superior frontal gyrus, left precuneus, right postcentral gyrus, right middle occipital gyrus, right inferior temporal gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus. The decreased ReHo brain regions were not found in the lAD group compared with the control group. Conclusions There are abnormalities in regional homogeneity in lAD college students compared with the controls and enhancement of synchronization in most encephalic regions can be found. The results reflect the functional change of brain in lAD college students. The connections between the enhancement of synchronization among cerebellum, brainstem, limbic lobe, frontal lobe and apical lobe may be relative to reward pathways.     

慢性难愈合创面早期防控体系建设探索

北大医疗鲁中医院烧伤皮肤外科在烧伤患者逐渐减少,科室被压缩、合并的情况下,受付小兵院士"战时治烧伤,平时治创面"理念的启发,于2015年成立烧伤与创面修复中心,在淄博市开展了以慢性难愈合创面为主的创面诊疗工作,通过普及创面修复知识,开展居家照护、多学科诊疗、医护一体的工作模式,建立创面修复移动工作站,筹建精准扶贫基地,...     

基于Android智能手机的医院移动护理系统的建设与应用

目的：应用移动信息技术,提高病区护理质量和效率,优化护理工作流程。方法：借助条码、专用腕带、无线局域网,依托医院信息系统和电子病历系统,开发出基于Android智能手机的移动护理系统并应用于临床。结果：将医院信息系统延伸到病人床边,保证了医嘱执行、护理数据采集、护理任务管理,减少了护理差错,提高了工作效率和质量。结论：移动护理系统的成功实施,使医嘱和护理任务的执行更为规范合理,提升了护理管理水平和医院形象。     

慢性病管理类医疗应用软件的现状与前景

目的：了解国内的慢性病自我管理类医疗APP的现状,分析和评价各医疗APP的主要功能,推动慢性病移动信息化管理的发展。方法：选取10款常见的慢性病管理类医疗APP,并统计其主要功能,对其数据记录与病情评估、医疗咨询和生活疗法三大功能进行分析。结果：慢性病管理类医疗APP的功能基本形成,但主要功能缺乏实用性和便利性,同质化比较严重,有待进一步改善。结论：利用“互联网+医疗”的技术发展“APP+硬件+云端”的医疗管理模式,加大移动医疗APP的监管力度,完善慢性病移动信息化的管理机制,提高慢性病患者的自我管理效率。     

我国移动图书馆信息服务研究综述

对我国移动图书馆信息服务的现状、主要模式、特点和未来发展方向进行了全面介绍。     

南宁市某高校大学生的手机依赖情况及其影响因素分析

目的 了解大学生的手机依赖情况及其影响因素,从而针对改善大学生手机依赖提出相关建议.方法 采用整群抽样方法选择广西南宁市某高校大学生680人,采用UCLA孤独感量表(ULS-8)以及手机依赖量表(MPAI)进行调查,分析MPAI得分的影响因素.结果 共635名大学生参与调查,MPAI得分为17~82(41.08±11.91)分,存在手机依赖共191人,手机依赖率为30.08%.ULS-8总分、每天手机上网时间、每月手机消费费用对手机依赖得分MPAI有影响(P<0.05).结论 大学生手机依赖程度深,孤独感及手机的合理使用均可影响手机依赖程度;大学生应该审慎手机使用行为,社会、学校、家庭应该给予正确引导.     

面向用户需求的移动图书馆功能

通过问卷调查,分析牡丹江医学院用户对移动图书馆功能需求,指出设计移动图书馆时应注意其功能的实用性、操作性和方便性,用户隐私的安全性和资费政策的优惠力度。     

哺乳动物雷帕霉素受体选择性抑制剂用于非小细胞肺癌靶向治疗

哺乳动物雷帕霉素受体(mTOR)是一种调控翻译启动的重要分子,以雷帕霉素对mTOR进行抑制,会诱发其上游磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/丝苏氨酸蛋白激酶Akt、丝裂原激活蛋白激酶或胞外信号调节激酶激酶/胞外信号调节激酶等细胞存活信号传导路径的反馈激活而导致肿瘤细胞对雷帕霉素耐药.但同时肿瘤细胞有可能对这些生存信号传导路径更加依赖,即更加"成瘾".若将雷帕霉素与针对这些路径的靶向药物联用,可能进一步提高抗肿瘤的疗效.本文以非小细胞肺癌为侧重对象,介绍了mTOR抑制剂靶向治疗的临床进展.