国产α-氰基丙烯酸正丁酯栓塞治疗脑动静脉畸形的临床研究

目的　本组报告用自行研制的胶体栓塞剂ａ氰基丙烯酸正丁酯（ＮＢＣＡ） 栓塞治疗脑动静脉畸形（ＡＶＭ） １０６ 例。方法　均经股动脉和同侧颈动脉入路, 使用ＮＢＣＡ 的方法有三种： 包括完全根据畸形血管团的动静脉循环时间配制不同比例的碘苯酯和ＮＢＣＡ混合液; 微螺旋圈和ＮＢＣＡ混合栓塞; 循环时间长于２ 秒时直接注入３０ ％ 的ＮＢＣＡ混合液。结果　单支供血的ＡＶＭ均在一次栓塞后完全消除; 多支供血的ＡＶＭ 在栓塞１ ～３ 次后畸形血管团消除范围从４０％ ～１００％ 不等。结论　国产ＮＢＣＡ在栓塞脑ＡＶＭ 的弥散性能良好, 聚合速度可控制, 是治疗脑ＡＶＭ 性能良好的栓塞材料。     

Micronester—A New Pushable Fibered Microcoil for Embolotherapy

A prototype 0.018 pushable fibered microcoil with an extended length of 14 cm was developed and used successfully for the first time to treat a patient with bilateral varicocele. This new coil provides immediate cross-sectional occlusion when nested into a densely packed coil mass. Potential uses of this new microcoil are discussed.     

Preoperative microcoil embolization of the common hepatic artery for pancreatic body cancer

AIM: To evaluate safety and feasibility of microcoil embolization of the common hepatic artery under proper or distal balloon inflation in preoperative preparation for en bloc celiac axis resection for pancreatic body cancer.METHODS: Fifteen patients (11 males, 4 females; median age, 67 years) with pancreatic body cancer involving the nerve plexus surrounding the celiac artery underwent microcoil embolization. To alter the total hepatic blood flow from superior mesenteric artery (SMA), microcoil embolization of the common hepatic artery (CHA) was conducted in 2 cases under balloon inflation at the proximal end of the CHA and in 13 cases under distal microballoon inflation at the distal end of the CHA.RESULTS: Of the first two cases of microcoil embolization with proximal balloon inflation, the first was successful, but there was microcoil migration to the proper hepatic artery in the second. The migrated microcoil was withdrawn to the CHA by an inflated microballoon catheter. Microcoil embolization was successful in the other 13 cases with distal microballoon inflation, with no microcoil migration. Compact microcoil embolization under distal microballoon inflation created sufficient resistance against the vascular wall to prevent migration. Distal balloon inflation achieved the requisite 1 cm patency at the CHA end for vascular clamping. All patients underwent en bloc celiac axis resection without arterial reconstruction or liver ischemia.CONCLUSION: To impede microcoil migration to the proper hepatic artery during CHA microcoil embolization, distal microballoon inflation is preferable to proximal balloon inflation.     

LEO支架辅助栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤

目的探讨颅内专用自膨式支架(LEO支架)在宽颈动脉瘤栓塞治疗的适应证、技术要点、并发症防治,评价该技术的安全性及疗效。方法10例确诊蛛网膜下腔出血患者,介入治疗术前影像学检查或术中DSA造影证实为颅内宽颈动脉瘤破裂所致。术前采用1.5T场强磁共振行MRA或64排螺旋CT容积扫描三维重建,亦可直接行DSA全脑血管造影。首先将LEO支架跨动脉瘤颈放置,通过支架上的网孔将微导管送入动脉瘤腔,填塞弹簧圈。结果10例患者手术均成功。其中1例在第一个LEO支架释放过程中发现支架膨胀不完全,将支架回收入鞘管,撤出体外,更换支架成功释放。支架放置成功后,进行弹簧圈栓塞,填塞过程中反复行DSA动脉造影,至动脉瘤腔内无对比剂充盈,完成栓塞治疗。结论联合使用支架和微弹簧圈是治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤安全有效的方法,支架使宽颈动脉瘤的介入治疗成为可能。LEO颅内专用自膨式支架,专为适应颅内迂曲血管径路设计,具有支架到位容易、定位准确、可控制释放优点,使支架辅助栓塞颅内宽颈动脉瘤更加安全、有效。