Menstrual characteristics and night work among nurses

Night work has been associated with adverse effects in terms of reproductive health.Specifically, menstruation has been suggested to be negatively impacted by night work,which again may influence fertility. This study investigated whether working nights isrelated to menstrual characteristics and if there is a relationship between shift workdisorder (SWD) and menstruation. The study was cross-sectional, response rate 38%. Thesample comprised female nurses who were members of the Norwegian Nurses Association; below50 yr of age, who were not pregnant, did not use hormonal pills or intrauterine devicesand who had not reached menopause (n=766). The nurses answered a postal survey includingquestions about night work and menstrual characteristics. Fifteen per cent reported tohave irregular menstruations. Thirty-nine per cent of the nurses were classified as havingSWD. Logistic regression analyses concerning the relationship between irregularmenstruations and night work did not show any associations. Furthermore, no associationswere found between cycle length or bleeding period and night work parameters. Noassociations were found between menstrual characteristics and SWD.     

长工时作业和通勤时间对中国女护士月经异常的影响

目的  评价长工时作业和通勤时间对女护士月经状况的影响,为相关部门合理调配护士的工作时间提供依据。方法  2016年5月―2016年11月对中国8 904名女护士进行问卷调查,收集人口学、职业和月经状况数据,用二分类logistic回归分析模型分析长工时作业与通勤时间对月经异常的影响。结果  女护士工作时间为(8.2±1.1)h、中位通勤时间为1.0(0.5, 1.0)h。月经异常率为41.0%。工作时间>8 h对女护士的月经异常各指标均有影响,其中对月经持续时间变化的影响最大(OR=1.651, 95% CI: 1.403~1.942, P < 0.001)。通勤时间>1 h对月经异常各指标均有影响,其中对月经持续时间变化的影响最大(OR=1.368, 95% CI: 1.178~1.588, P < 0.001)。结论  长工时作业与通勤时间较长会导致女护士月经异常风险升高,是月经异常的影响因素。     

DDT serum concentration and menstruation among young Chinese women

High DDE and DDT concentrations were found to be associated with shortened menstrual cycle length in Laotian immigrants to the United States. We examined this issue in a sample of young Chinese women. A total of 60 women aged 20-24 years were enrolled in three maternal and child health clinics (20 from urban, 20 from suburban, 20 from rural) in Shanghai, China, and vicinity, in 1998. Of these women, 47 who did not use hormonal contraceptives and had valid menstrual cycle characteristics were included in the analysis for associations among serum DDE and DDT concentration and menstrual cycle length, duration of menses, and heaviness of menstrual flow. In univariate analysis, higher p,p'-DDE concentration was associated with longer menstrual cycle length (0.66 day per 10 microg/L, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.21, 1.11 day). With adjustment for age, body mass index, education, occupation, and resident location, the estimate was 0.42 day (95% CI: -0.35, 1.19 day). p,p'-DDE was not associated with duration of menses or heaviness of menstrual flow. Neither p,p'-DDT nor o,p'-DDT were associated with menstrual cycle length, duration of menses or heaviness of menstrual flow. The study largely suggests no association between DDE and DDT concentrations and menstrual cycle characteristics in young Chinese women, though the weak-to-no correlation of DDE with menstrual cycle length merits further study.     

Influence of age and menstrual cycle on mammography and MR imaging of the breast

Summary Age and menstrual cycle have an important influence on the breast. This well-known fact is experienced in the daily routine of gynecologists and radiologists. The number of publications addressing the effect of these influences on imaging, however, is surprisingly low. The aim of this work is to describe the influences of age and menstrual cycle on the breast and to address their clinical relevance for mammography and MR mammography. Therefore, own data are presented concerning the age and menstrual cycle influences on breast parenchyma in dynamic MR mammography. Literature data are used to correlate mammography and MR imaging findings with these influences. The changes of the breast due to age and menstrual cycle have important direct implications on performing and reading conventional mammography and MR mammography. The knowledge of these changes is also helpful in the interpretation of findings when comparing different methods. Finally, the data gained by using imaging methods enable important basic insights into physiology and physiopathology of the breast in vivo.      

卵巢硬化性间质瘤的临床特点分析

目的探讨卵巢硬化性间质瘤(OSST)的临床特点及诊治方法。 方法选择2010年10月至2019年5月,首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院收治的8例OSST患者为研究对象。采用回顾性分析方法,对其临床病例资料进行分析,包括临床表现、血清学肿瘤标志物、影像学检查结果、手术情况、治疗方法、病理学检查及随访结果等。本研究遵循的程序符合2013年修订的《世界医学协会赫尔辛基宣言》要求。 结果对本组8例OSST患者的研究结果如下。①就诊年龄及原因：均为青少年女性(年龄为14～36岁),体检发现盆腔肿块,伴随症状为月经不规律或月经间期出血。②血清肿瘤标志物检查：仅3例患者血清糖类抗原(CA)₁₂₅水平升高,其余均正常。③术前影像学检查：可见直径为6.7～13.5 cm的卵巢囊实性或实性肿块。④手术结果：对2例患者行腹腔镜探查术,6例行开腹探查术,术中可见单侧卵巢囊实性或实性肿块。对其中2例已婚、已育者实施开腹手术(患侧附件切除术＋大网膜活检术);而6例未婚患者中,实施患侧附件切除术为1例,患侧卵巢肿块切除术为5例。⑤组织病理学检查结果：术中快速冰冻组织病理学检查结果提示,均无交界性或明确恶性病变,术后组织病理学检查结果均被确诊为OSST。⑥随访结果：均接受术后随访,随访时间(12～115个月)内,均无局部复发或远期转移。 结论OSST发病率低,但是临床误诊率较高。OSST的典型组织病理学特征是可见假小叶结构。对于高度怀疑恶性卵巢肿瘤者,应于术中对切除组织进行快速冰冻切片病理学检查以明确诊断,从而决定手术范围。     

Puerperal and menstrual psychoses: The proposal of a unitary etiological hypothesis

Puerperal and menstrual psychoses are both uncommon disorders and the occurrence of both in individual patients suggest the possibility of a common underlying pathogenesis. In this paper two cases are reported, the literature is reviewed and a unifying etiological hypothesis is postulated in which precipitous reductions in the brain estrogen environment precipitate episodes of psychosis in predisposed individuals. In the case of puerperal psychosis, estrogen cascade follows a lengthy period of sustained high brain estrogen environment; in menstrual psychosis, it is postulated that the occurrence in at least some cases of anovulatory menstrual cycles, wherein high levels of relatively unopposed estrogens are maintained until the next ovulatory cycle, play a role in priming the central nervous system prior to premenstrual estrogen cascade. Further research in this area using more sensitive techniques to follow hormonal fluctuation and mental state is called for     

产前筛查LMP与BPD孕龄差原因分析及解决办法

目的：探讨孕中期产前筛查末次月经孕龄（LMP）与超声双顶径孕龄（BPD）之间的误差原因及由此带来的筛查假阳性率明显上升的解决办法。方法：选取末次月经清楚且规律的孕中期产前筛查单胎妊娠孕妇1385例,B超或彩超确定孕妇胎儿双顶径,分别将其双顶径和末次月经数据输入风险评估软件进行孕龄推算,用BPD孕龄减去LMP孕龄,得出孕龄差。结果：两种推算孕龄之间存在较大误差,误差波动范围也比较大,最大孕龄差甚至超过两周。BPD孕龄比LMP孕龄普遍偏大,孕龄差随孕龄呈逐渐加大趋势。结论：采用BPD孕龄造成的产前筛查假阳率升高,可通过统一超声标准,避免人为误差,及时调整中位数等途径来解决。     

剖宫产后的妇科问题

目的：统计分析剖宫产后的妇科问题。方法：由专人回顾性调查某女职工集中的单位近20年剖宫产后的妇科问题。结果：176例剖宫产中近期产科情况7例,占3.98%;妇科变化142例,占80.68%,其中以月经变化、腹痛腰酸、泌尿系症状、子宫与腹壁粘连、子宫下段切口愈合不良和溃疡、腹壁子宫内膜异位症、肠粘连、异位妊娠和盆腔静脉瘀血症等为主。结论：应严格掌握剖宫产指征,防止剖宫产后的妇科疾病。     

接触二甲基甲酰胺女工月经状况的调查

本文对67名接触二甲基甲酰胺(简称DMF)的已婚女工及132名已婚对照女工月经状况调查的结果,发现接触组女工的月经异常发生频率(29.83%)显著高于对照组(16.67%)。按带环与否分层分析的结果,去除带环因素的影响后,接触DMF 女工的月经异常发生频率仍显著高于对照组。月经异常的发生频率有随着接触浓度的增高而增高的趋势。