不同幅度脉冲膈肌起搏对兔膈肌SOD、MDA、总抗氧化能力的影响

目的　探讨不同幅度脉冲膈肌起搏 (diaphragmpacing ,DP)对新西兰大白兔膈肌的影响。方法　建立兔颈部DP模型 ,测定无起搏 (A)组及脉冲幅度匀速增加 (B)组、恒定 (C)组、匀速减小 (D)组起搏后膈肌组织SOD、MDA及T AOC。结果　①DP后 ,B组较A组MDA含量增加 ,SOD及T AOC减小 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;②DP后 ,C组及D组较A组MDA含量增加 ,SOD及T AOC减小 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;③DP后 ,B组较C及D组MDA含量少 ,SOD及T AOC活力强 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　①脉冲幅度匀速增加通过减少氧自由基的产生 ,抗氧化能力的干扰 ,可能减缓了膈肌疲劳 (diaphragmfailure ,DF)的发生 ,②脉冲幅度匀速增加与脉冲幅度恒定和匀速减小相比 ,是一种更为合理的DP方式。     

纳洛酮对实验性心肺复苏脑氧自由基表达的影响

目的:探讨纳洛酮对心肺复苏后脑组织中丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)浓度及其形态学的影响。方法:18只健康杂种犬,随机分成3组(n=6)。空白组,不诱发室颤,仅行预处理;对照组,心跳骤停后予常规心肺复苏术;纳洛酮组,心跳骤停后予常规心肺复苏术并使用纳洛酮。空白组预处理后6h、对照组和纳洛酮组复苏后6h取脑组织行MDA、SOD浓度测定以及形态学检查。结果:对照组脑组织MDA的含量高于空白组(P<0.01)和纳洛酮组(P<0.01);而纳洛酮组中脑组织SOD的含量高于对照组(P<0.01),低于空白组(P<0.01)。对照组神经元出现了明显的病理损害,而纳洛酮组神经元的病理损害低于对照组。结论:纳洛酮可减轻心肺复苏后脑组织MDA的生成,增加SOD的活力,并可减轻其病理损害,从而减轻神经元的再灌注损伤。     

益生菌CMS-H002和CMS-H003联用对小鼠急性溃疡性结肠炎的影响

目的：研究肠道益生菌CMS-H002和CMS-H003对小鼠溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的治疗作用。方法：建立硫酸葡聚糖胺（DSS）诱导的小鼠急性UC模型。观察益生菌CMS-H002和CMS-H003治疗后，疾病活动指数（DAI）、肠道菌群及丙二醛（MDA）的变化。结果：肠道益生菌CMS-H002和CMS-H003均可明显降低DAJ的水平及结肠组织的MDA水平。疗效均优于或等于巴柳氮阳性治疗药物。治疗后，各益生菌治疗组粪便乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌菌数均有不同程度增加；而大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌菌数均有不同程度减少；其中用CMS-H003和合用组治疗后，丁酸梭菌菌数也有增加。以合用组小鼠粪便菌群更趋近于正常小鼠粪便菌群构成。而巴柳氮阳性治疗组对小鼠粪便的菌群菌数无明显影响。结论：口服肠道益生菌CMS-H002和CMS-H003可明显改善5％DSS诱导的Balb／c小鼠急性UC的一般表现及组织学损伤。两茼舍用效果尤为明显。减少自由基的产生及逆转病态菌群是它们发挥治疗UC作用的部分机制。     

Iron removal by phlebotomy for the prophylaxis of fulminant hepatitis in a Wilson disease model of Long-Evans Cinnamon Rats.

Long-Evans Cinnamon rats are an animal model of Wilson disease with a compound load of copper and iron. However, the mechanisms of the high mortality rate from fulminant hepatitis in the rats remain undetermined. In this study, phlebotomy as an alternative for an iron-deficient diet was investigated to modify hepatitis in the rats. One group of female rats was treated with phlebotomy twice a week, and the other group received blood tests only every 2 weeks. Liver specimens were examined for biochemical non-heme iron and copper, and histochemical trivalent iron. Although all rats examined had icteric hepatitis around the age of 20 weeks, the mortality of fulminant hepatitis was lower in phlebotomized rats than in control rats (1/18 versus 8/20, p<0.05). Phlebotomy not only ameliorated the severity of hepatitis, but also reduced serum malondialdehyde. Non-heme iron in the liver was the greatest in victims of fulminant hepatitis in the control group. There was no difference in the hepatic copper content between the two groups. The prognosis of hepatitis in the rats with Wilson disease was hepatic non-heme iron-dependent, and iron removal by phlebotomy was an effective prophylaxis against fulminant hepatitis.     

辛伐他汀对SHR心肌组织SOD、MDA、NOS、NO及心肌间质胶原含量的影响

目的　观察辛伐他汀对自发性高血压大鼠 (SHR)心肌纤维化的影响。方法 2 0只 16周龄雄性SHR大鼠 ,随机分成 2组 :( 1)辛伐他汀组 (n =10辛伐他汀 2mg/kg·d) ;( 2 )SHR空白对照组 (n =10 ) ;( 3)同龄雄性正常血压WKY大鼠对照组 (n =10 )。给药 12周后称量大鼠左室重量并计算大鼠左室重量指数 ;测定心肌组织丙二醛、超氧歧化酶、一氧化氮及一氧化氮合酶 ;用改良VG染色法使胶原特殊染色 ,计算机图像分析测量心肌间质及心肌小动脉周围胶原的胶原容积分数对心肌纤维化程度进行比较。结果辛伐他汀组与SHR组相比心肌超氧歧化酶无明显改变、丙二醛明显减少而心肌一氧化氮及结构型一氧化氮合酶 (cNOS)活性明显升高 ;辛伐他汀组均未能有效降低SHR血压和左心室肥厚 (P <0 0 5 )但能使心室内、外膜及心肌小动脉周围的胶原减少。结论一氧化氮 /活性氧平衡失调可能是导致高血压心肌纤维化的又一个重要因素 ;辛伐他汀抗纤维化作用可能与其抗氧化作用及改善心肌cNOS活性密切相关     

The effect of platelet activating factor antagonist (BN 52021) on acute experimental pancreatitis with reference to multiorgan oxidative stress

Summary Acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis was induced in Wistar rats using a retrograde intraductal injection of 5% Na-taurocholate. Rats were treated with platelet-activating factor receptor (PAF) antagonist—BN 52021 (5 mg/kg) and sacrificed at 1 and 3 h after induction of acute pancreatitis. Malondialdehyde and sulfhydryl groups concentration were measured in pancreatic, lung, and liver tissue as a parameters of oxidant-antioxidant balance. We have shown that BN 52021 exerts only partial protecting effect against Na-TC-induced AP in rats. The positive effects of BN 52021 were expressed by: (1) Significant reduction of hyperamylasemia accompanied by lower malondialdehyde accumulation in pancreatic tissue; (2) Prevention of sulfl hydryl groups depletion in lung tissue; (3) Diminution of necrotic and inflammatory changes in pancreatic tissue; and (4) Improvement of survival rate. We suggest that these effects may depend on the inhibition of PAF-mediated activation and oxidant generation by phagocytes.     

性激素通过影响血脂、细胞免疫功能及氧化／抗氧化系统影响衰老

目的　通过全国流行病学调查 ,探讨血清性激素水平变化与衰老的关系。方法　以健康自愿者 2 2 5 3例为研究对象 ,应用放射免疫法测定性激素 ;全自动生化仪测定血脂谱、血糖 (GLU)及载脂蛋白 (apo) ;用流式细胞仪测定T细胞亚群 ;采用硫代巴比妥酸法和Oyanagui的亚硝酸盐形成法分别测定血清丙二醛 (MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)。结果　老年男性随增龄促卵泡激素 (FSH)、黄体生成素 (LH )血清浓度均显著增加 ;睾酮 (T)、游离睾酮 (FT)随增龄明显下降 ,17β 雌二醇 (17β E2 )则相反 ,E2 /T比值随增龄明显升高。垂体泌乳素 (PRL)随增龄有所升高、孕酮 (P)变化不明显。血清胆固醇 (TC)随增龄升高 ,甘油三酯 (TG)无明显变化 ;与年轻组比 ,老年组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)、HDL C/TC显著降低 ,同时低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)显著升高 ,HDL C/LDL C随增龄有所降低 ;apoA1和apoB均随增龄显著升高 ,apoA1/apoB比值则降低 ;GLU各年龄段无明显变化。与年轻组相比老年组CD3+ ,CD4 + 各组均明显下降 ;而CD8+ 随增龄明显升高 ,CD4 + /CD8+ 比值随增龄显著降低。与年轻组相比 ,老年组MDA明显升高 ,SOD却显著降低。通过偏相关分析 (双侧检验 ,控制BMI、FSH、LH、PRL)显示男性TC、LDL C、apoA1、apoB、CD8+ 、MDA均与E2     

大鼠肝缺血及再灌注所致小肠过氧化损伤及丹参的保护作用

目的 观察大鼠肝缺血再灌注小肠过氧化损伤及丹参预处理的保护作用.方法 首先将SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组(CO组)、假手术组(SO组)、缺血再灌注组(IR组)、丹参预处理组(SM组),分别在肝缺血30、45、60 min时取上段空肠进行大体病理学检测;然后在肝缺血45 min条件下,动物亦随机分为4组(CO组、SO组、IR组、SM组),按再灌注后不同时间(0、3、12、24、72 h)分为5个亚组,每组5只.SM组在阻断第一肝门30 min前经尾静脉推注丹参注射液6 g/kg加生理盐水40 ml/kg,其余各组按40 ml/kg给予生理盐水尾静脉注入,SO组开腹后仅解剖肝门,不钳夹肝蒂.分别在再灌注0、3、12、24、72 h取上段空肠行病理学检查、丙二醛(MDA)含量测定、髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性测定.结果 空肠黏膜损伤评分随肝缺血时限延长而加重;在肝缺血45 min再灌注不同时限点SM组空肠黏膜损伤较IR组明显减轻,且肠组织MDA含量、MPO活性均低于IR组(P<0.05).结论 肝缺血再灌注所致小肠明显淤血性损伤,MDA含量、MPO活性升高,丹参预处理对肝缺血再灌注所致小肠损伤具有保护作用.     

Hepatoprotective effect and antioxidant role of sun, sulphited-dried apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) and its kernel against ethanol-induced oxidative stress in rats

The present study was carried to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect and antioxidant role of sun, sulphited-dried apricot and its kernel against ethanol-induced oxidative stress. The hepatopreventive and antioxidant potential of the plant’s supplementations were evaluated by measuring level of serum liver damage marker enzymes (AST, ALT, GGT and LDH), antioxidant defense systems (GSH, GR, SOD, GST and GPX) and MDA content in various tissues of rats. Eight experimental groups: I (control), II (20% ethanol), III (ethanol + 15% sun-dried apricot), IV (ethanol + 30% sun dried). V (ethanol + 15% sulphited-dried), VI (ethanol + 30% sulphited-dried), VII (ethanol + 15% kernel) and VIII (ethanol + 30% kernel). According to the results, the levels of serum enzymes increased significantly in the II group as compared to those of I group, but they decreased in the III, IV, V and VI groups as compared to those of II group. Also, administration of sun and sulphited-dried apricot supplementation restored the ethanol-induced imbalance between MDA and antioxidant system towards near normal particularly in tissues but not its kernel. It is concluded that apricot has a hepatoprotective effect in rats with ethanol, probably acting by promoting the antioxidative defense systems.     

松芪胶囊对小鼠应激能力和抗氧化酶的实验研究

目的研究松芪胶囊对小鼠应激能力和血中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）水平的影响,进而探讨松芪胶囊的抗衰老作用机制。方法取小鼠随机分为松芪胶囊大、小剂量组和对照组,然后行小鼠游泳耐疲劳、耐寒冷、常压耐缺氧实验,测定并比较松芪胶囊组与对照组血清MDA含量和SOD的活性。结果松芪胶囊可以提高小鼠在低温环境下的耐寒冷能力,降低死亡率;延长小鼠力竭游泳时间,提高抗疲劳能力;延长小鼠常压耐缺氧时间,提高抗耐缺氧能力;同时使血清SOD活力明显升高、MDA含量明显降低,与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论松芪胶囊具有良好的体内抗氧化作用,可以延缓衰老。