The potential antiepileptic activity of astaxanthin in epileptic rats treated with valproic acid

ObjectivesEpilepsy is a neurological disease characterized by sudden, abnormal, and hyper- discharges in the central nervous system (CNS). Valproic acid (VPA) is commonly used as a broad-spectrum antiepileptic therapeutic. However, in many cases, patients develop resistance to VPA treatment due to overwhelming oxidative stress, which in turn might be a major catalyst for disease progression. Therefore, antioxidants can potentially become therapeutic agents by counteracting reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated damage. The present study is aimed to evaluate the potential antiepileptic effect of astaxanthin (ASTA) in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) induced epileptic model rats that are chronically treated with VPA for 8 weeks.MethodFifty-male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: Non-PTZ group, PTZ, PTZ/VPA, PTZ/ASTA, and PTZ/VPA/ASTA treated groups.ResultsPTZ/VPA treated group showed a neuroprotective effect with improvement in antioxidant levels, behavioral test, and histopathological changes induced by PTZ. VPA also exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect as its treatment resulted in the reduction of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). ASTA exhibited an anticonvulsant effect and enhanced anti-inflammatory effect as compared to VPA. During the combined therapy, ASTA potentiated the antiepileptic effect of the VPA by reducing the oxidative stress and TNF-α as well as increased the glutathione (GSH) levels. Also, there were substantial improvements in the behavioral and histopathological changes in the VPA/ASTA treated group as compared to the VPA treated group.ConclusionASTA could have an antiepileptic and anti-inflammatory effect by reducing ROS generation. Therefore, co-administration of both the therapeutics (VPA/ASTA) has a synergistic effect in treating epilepsy and could potentially minimize recurrence and/or exacerbation of seizures.     

Effect of acute and prolonged sprint training and a detraining period on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant response in rats

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sprint exercise and a detraining period on lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA) and response of antioxidant system (ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), uric acid, bilirubin and total protein). Forty-two male rats were divided randomly into two groups: sprint group (experimental) (n=24) and control group (n=18, without any training programme). The experimental group trained for 12 weeks, 3 times per week, with given intensities. Five trained rats experienced the detraining, so the effects of detraining were also studied (from the 8th to 12th weeks). Data were analysed using a two-way repeated ANOVA. A significant difference between the two groups was observed for MDA (p=0.022), FRAP (p=0.005) and bilirubin (p=0.002) but for total protein and uric acid no significant change occurred. In the experimental group, a significant difference was found through various assessments for MDA (p=0.001), FRAP (p=0.001), bilirubin (p=0.008) and uric acid (p=0.012). It can be concluded that this protocol of sprint exercise training causes adaptation in the antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation, but by detraining these results will be reversed.     

丹参水溶性提取物对大鼠心、肝、脑、睾丸脂质过氧化的抑制作用

丹参提取物具有抗心绞痛等多种作用。作者用硫代巴比妥酸法(TBA)观察丹参水溶性提取物(Water soluble extract of solvia、miltorrhiza,ESM)的抗氧化活性,发现ESM可显著抑制Fe~2+-半胱氨酸引起的大鼠心脏、肝脏、脑、睾丸组织的匀浆、线粒体和微粒体的脂质过氧化。表明ESM具有抗氧化活性。     

年轻人急性心肌梗死多项检测指标的意义

目的 :探讨年轻人急性心肌梗死 (AMI)的发病机制。方法 :以 4 0岁以下男性患者为研究对象 ,分别检测血清性激素水平、血脂谱、T淋巴细胞亚群、丙二醛 (MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)等指标。结果 :①与正常对照组相比 ,年轻人AMI患者的 17β -雌二醇 (17β -E2 )血清水平明显增高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而总睾酮 (TT)、游离睾酮 (FT)显著下降及E2 /T比值明显增高 (P <0 .0 1) ;②甘油三脂 (TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL -C)较对照组显著增高 (P <0 .0 1) ,而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL -C)和总胆固醇 (TC)无明显变化 ;③CD3+ 、CD4 + 、和CD8+ 与对照组相比 ,无显著差异 ;④MDA、SOD与对照组相比均具有显著差异(P <0 .0 1)。结论 :年轻人AMI存在血脂谱异常 ,末发现有免疫功能改变 ,E2 /T比值升高可能是其发病机理之一 ,自由基介导的脂质过氧化参与了年轻人AMI的发生。     

手术后硬膜外镇痛对老年患者红细胞补体受体Ⅰ活性及丙二醛水平的影响

目的 :探讨老年患者手术后硬膜外镇痛 (PCEA)对红细胞免疫功能及丙二醛水平的影响。方法 :38例择期前列腺摘除手术老年患者随机分为PCEA组 (2 0例 )和对照组 (18例 )。PCEA组病人手术后采用硬膜外自控镇痛 ,维持视觉模拟评分 (VAS)<3分。对照组根据需要间断肌注哌替啶。分别在麻醉前 ,手术后 1、2、3、5d采静脉血样检测红细胞C3b受体花环率 (RBC -C3bRR) ,红细胞免疫复合花环率 (RBC -ICR) ,红细胞免疫粘附肿瘤细胞功能 (RBC -CaR)、红细胞免疫粘附促进因子 (RFER)、红细胞免疫粘附抑制因子 (RFIR)、丙二醛 (MDA)。结果 :麻醉前各指标两组间无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。手术后 1、2、3d :PCEA组RBC -C3bRR、RFER比麻醉前明显上升 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,RBC -ICR、RFIR、MDA比麻醉前明显下降 (P <0 .0 5 )。而对照组RBC -C3bRR、RBC -CaR、RFER明显低于麻醉前 (P <0 .0 5～ 0 .0 1) ,RBC -ICR、RFIR、MDA明显高于麻醉前 (P <0 .0 5～ 0 .0 1) ,两组间有极显著差异 (P <0 .0 1)。手术后 5d时各值无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :手术后PCEA能提高老年病人红细胞免疫功能和降低MDA水平 ,有助于病人康复     

慢性低氧高二氧化碳大鼠大脑超微结构改变和SOD、MDA、XOD变化及红花的保护作用

目的:探讨慢性低氧高二氧化碳大鼠大脑超微结构、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醇(MDA)与黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)含量的变化,及红花注射液的保护作用。方法:采用慢性低氧高二氧化碳肺动脉高压模型,应用红花注射液治疗,电镜观察大鼠脑超微结构并测定其SOD、MDA、XOD含量。结果:慢性低氧高二氧化碳使大鼠大脑神经元和神经胶质细胞水肿,伴有细胞内线粒体、内质网、高尔基体等细胞器的变化,并使SOD含量降低,MDA、XOD含量升高。结论:红花注射液对慢性低氧高二氧化碳大鼠大脑神经细胞结构损害有保护作用,其机制可能与抗氧化作用有关。     

Plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in pregnancy induced hypertension

OBJECTIVES: Aim of this study was to evaluate implication of pregnancy induced hypertension on maternal plasma lipid, lipoprotein, apolipoprotein concentrations and lipid peroxidation products by a comparison of normal pregnancy vs. preeclampsia. DESIGN AND METHODS: Thirty-four women with preeclampsia and 32 healthy pregnant women (controls) in the third trimester were recruited for this study. RESULTS: In the preeclamptic group plasma total triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), malondialdehyde (MDA) and apolipoprotein B (apo-B) were significantly increased, while plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly decreased compared to that of control group. There was no significant difference in total cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 (apo-A1) concentrations. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that preeclampsia share some metabolic characteristics with coronary artery disease such as dislipidemia and increased lipid peroxidation. However lipoprotein concentrations may be better biochemical markers of dislipidemia in the preeclamptic state than the corresponding apolipoproteins.     

Effects of high-voltage electrical burns and other burns on levels of serum oxidative stress and telomerase in children

Introduction

Electrical burns cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Here we measured changes in levels of serum oxidative stress and telomerase in children suffering from high-voltage electrical burn (HVEB) injuries and other burns and the significance of these parameters in terms of amputation.

次声作用对大鼠大脑皮层脂质过氧化的影响

目的：观察8Hz,130dB次声作用于大鼠不同时间后，大脑皮层脂质过氧化相关指标的变化，以探讨次声引起脑损伤的机理。方法：将35只Ⅱ级、雄性、SD大鼠随机分为对照组和次声作用7d,14d,21d,28d组五组，用8Hz,130dB次声作用，每天1次，每次2h，各组于最后一次作用结束后0．5－1h内取大脑皮层，制成10％的组织匀浆测定GSH－Px活性，MDA含量和SOD活性的变化。结果：与对照组相比，大鼠大脑皮层GSH－Px活性在7d组无显著性变化（P＞0．05），在14d组、21d组、28d组和显著性升高（P＜0．05）；MDA含量在7d组、14d组有显著怀升高（P＜0．05),21d组、28d组恢复至对照组水平（P＞0．05）；SOD活性有下降的趋势，但无显著性意义（P＞0．05）。结论：次声作用后，引发大鼠大脑皮层组织的脂质过氧化－抗氧化反应，造成脑组织的损伤。