Spinal cord restitution following compression injuries in rats

Spinal cord compression injuries were produced in rats by applying weights to a plate 2.2 x 50 mm in size, placed on the exposed midthoracic dura covering the spinal cord. The influence of force and duration of compression was studied by using 3 different weights, 20, 35 and 50 g, applied for 1, 5 and 10 min. Postoperative neurological function was tested by the inclined plane method and the rats were observed for 3 weeks. Neurological impairment increased with force and duration of compression. It is therefore reasonable to conclude that patients suffering from spinal cord injury should be investigated immediately for signs of persistent cord compression. If this is present, early decompression might be of value, although nothing is known in man concerning the limits of force and duration of compression permitting postoperative neurological recovery.     

交链孢酚单甲醚在大鼠小鼠体内的分布

对食管癌高发区粮食中分离的互隔交链孢霉的毒素交链孢酚单甲醚(AME)在大鼠、小鼠体内的分布进行研究。给动物腹腔内注射氚标记的交链孢酚单甲醚(~3H-AME),然后在不同时间测各脏器的放射性。结果表明:在所测9个脏器中,2h肝脏含量最高,食管下段在大小鼠分别居第四和第三。但大小鼠分别在72、24h则以食管下段最高,说明AME及其代谢物在此清除较慢,即对其有较高的亲和力。     

大鼠肺微血管和肺泡铸型的扫描电镜观察

用扫描电镜观察以甲基丙烯酸甲酯灌注鼠的肺微血管和肺泡。胸膜下毛细血管较稀疏,网孔粗大。毛细血管部分成锐角折返,亦可见毛细血管盲端。肺泡隔毛细血管均成扁平状膨大,且相互吻合成单层密集网。肺泡铸型为大小不等、不规则的多面体,表面可见肺泡Ⅱ型细胞核之压迹。两肺泡之间可见呈桥式连接的肺泡孔,亦可见部分呈三通管样相连。     

Angiomyxoma diagnosed in a man presenting for abdominal lipectomy

Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare tumour that is locally infiltrative but nonmetastasizing. It occurs nearly exclusively in adult women of childbearing age and almost always arises in the perineum and pelvic area. A case of angiomyxoma occurring in a middle-aged, morbidly obese man is reported. The clinical presentation was one of progressing scrotal edema and enlargement with subsequent development of scrotal abscesses, requiring several incisions and drainages as well as oral and intravenous antibiotics. His symptoms and body habitus left him in a significantly debilitated state, prompting him to seek treatment for his conditions. He initially presented for abdominal lipectomy. However, due to the chronic scrotal infections and enlargement, scrotectomy was recommended before any other surgical procedures. A scrotectomy was performed by the urology service. Pathological diagnosis of the excised tumour was an aggressive angiomyxoma. Given the rarity of this tumour, especially in males, the proper diagnosis and treatment of angiomyxoma is still being investigated. With this in mind, the physical signs and symptoms that characterize this condition are presented and treatment options are reviewed.     

Time course of vascular prostanoid production in the fructose‐hypertensive rat

1 There is a relationship between hypertension, insulin resistance and an altered plasmatic lipid profile known as ‘metabolic syndrome’. Fructose (F) overload induces in the rat a mild hypertension associated with metabolic alterations such as hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance, resembling such syndrome. 2 Prostanoids (PR), metabolites of arachidonic acid, include vasoactive substances synthesized and released by the vessel wall. An altered pattern of PR release has been previously found in mesenteric vessels of experimental diabetic rats. 3 This study analyzed the effects of F‐overload during different periods (4, 9, 15 and 22 weeks) on PR release in aorta (A) and mesenteric vascular beds (MVB). Animals received tap water (control) or F solution (10% w/v) to drink. 4 Rats with F overload showed significantly higher systolic blood pressure, glycemia and triglyceridemia than controls; but no differences in this parameters were found among periods of treatment either in controls or experimental animals. 5 In A, prostacyclin was decreased at 9, 15 and 22 weeks of treatment when compared to 4 weeks and controls. In MVB, prostacyclin showed different patterns of release in the studied periods of F overload. Prostaglandin (PG) E₂ diminish in MVB at the same extent in all periods. No changes were observed in A. The vasoconstrictor thromboxane was elevated in the MVB at 9 weeks. PGF₂α, also a vasoconstrictor, remains unchanged. 6 In conclusion, F overload provokes in the rat a decrease in the vascular production of vasodilator PR and, in one of the studied periods, an increase in the release of the vasoconstrictor thromboxane, leading to a negative imbalance in the prostacylin/thromboxane ratio. This could be involved in the blood pressure alterations found in this experimental model of metabolic syndrome.     

大鼠抗GBM肾炎模型的建立及不同病期的生化指标和肾组织病理学观察

目的：为研究人类新月体抗肾炎的发病机制，建立大鼠抗肾小球基底膜（BGM）肾炎的动物模型，方法：提取S－D大鼠GBM抗原，将此抗原免疫新西兰白兔获得抗血清，再将此抗血清从尾静脉一次性注射给S－D大鼠。实验分2组：肾炎模型组及正常对照组。定期于第4天、第14天第第21天检测大鼠24h尿蛋白，血肌酐及血尿素的含量和肾组织病理学改变。结果：大鼠肾炎模型组：大鼠注射抗血清后于第4天出现大量蛋白尿，第14天血肌酐，血尿素显著升高，并持续上升，肾组织病理表现为肾小球内细胞数明显增加，大量新月体形成及蛋白管型，GBM呈不规则增厚，足突融合，内皮细胞脱落，坏死，免疫荧光检查见IgG、鼠IgG沿GBM线形分布，大鼠正常对照组以上指标均无明显改变。结论：通过动态观察大鼠抗GBM肾炎的病变变化，证实该模型病变与人类新月体性肾炎的病变较为一致，该模型可用于探讨人类新月体体肾炎的实验研究。     

Effect of cyclosporin therapy in controlling the rejection of ileal versus jejunal allografts*

Abstract. Experimental evidence suggests that jejunal allografts are rejected as rapidly as are ileal grafts, despite their lesser content of lymphoid tissue as an immunologic stimulus. However, it may be possible to postpone the rejection of jejunal grafts more readily than that of ileal grafts by means of immunosuppressive therapy with cyclosporin (CyA). To test this, we used the rat model (BN-LEW) of orthotopic small-bowel transplantation. The proximal third of the small-bowel with one-third of the mesenteric lymph nodes (n= 20), or the distal ileal third with all of the mesenteric lymph nodes (n= 22), or the entire small-bowel (n= 23) was interposed after resection of an equivalent type and length of recipient bowel. CyA (15 mg/kg) was given to all of these rats for 5 days. Three additional control groups were not given CyA. The difference in graft/recipient survival among the groups receiving CyA and among those not on CyA therapy was not statistically significant. Antidonor hemagglutinin titers, the mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) assay, and histologic examination of the allograft failed to show a mitigated rejection reaction for the recipients of jejunal grafts. The data show that short-term treatment with CyA prolongs graft survival. Equal doses of CyA, however, did not lead to prolonged survival of jejunal grafts or alter the course of rejection in comparison with that for ileal or whole-bowel transplants.     

Measurement of biological activity of somatotropin in hypophysectomized rats

目的：建立测定生长激素（ＧＨ）在体生物活性的方法．方法：以去垂体大鼠体重增长（ＢＷＧ）和胫骨骺软骨板宽度（ＴＥＷ）为指标，观察动物性别、给药途径、次数和周期不同对效应的影响；同时进行４ｄＢＷＧ，６ｄＢＷＧ和６ｄＴＥＷ法，测定ＧＨ的效价（平行线３×３设计）．结果：♀和♂ｓｃ和ｉｍ给药以及每日给药１次和２次的ＢＷＧ和ＴＥＷ差异无显著意义．给药６ｄ比给药４ｄ引起较大的ＢＷＧ和ＴＥＷ（Ｐ＜００５）．４ｄＢＷＧ法和６ｄＢＷＧ法在００２０－０５００ＩＵ·ｄ－１有较好的λ值（００６６０和０１７４７）和ｒ值（０９０００和０９２３７）；４ｄＢＷＧ，６ｄＢＷＧ和６ｄＴＥＷ法测得ｒｈＧＨ的效价为４６１３２，３９８２９和４８０２３ＩＵ／ａｍｐ．６ｄＢＷＧ法有较小的λ值和较低的ＡＲＦＬ值．结论：可在同一组去垂体大鼠体内同时用４ｄＢＷＧ，６ｄＢＷＧ和６ｄＴＥＷ法测ＧＨ活性，以６ｄＢＷＧ法较好．