大学生家庭功能、孤独感与领悟社会支持的关系

目的 了解大学生家庭功能、孤独感与领悟社会支持的关系.方法 采用家庭功能评定量表、UCLA孤独感量表和领悟社会支持量表对某大学206名大学生进行问卷调查.结果 ①大学生在家庭功能的角色扮演、情感介入和总的功能得分以及孤独感、领悟社会支持的家庭内支持与社会总支持上存在性别差异(t=2.643,2.661,2.812,2....     

留守烦恼的认知评价与农村留守儿童的抑郁、孤独

目的:探讨农村留守儿童对于留守烦恼的认知评价状况及其与抑郁、孤独之间的关系。方法:从河南省某乡镇抽取207名农村留守儿童,以儿童抑郁、孤独和留守烦恼的认知评价量表为研究工具进行测查。结果:①双亲外出儿童对留守烦恼的消极评价高于单亲外出儿童;②对留守烦恼的消极评价越高,儿童的抑郁和孤独水平越高;③对于留守烦恼的积极评价越高,儿童的抑郁和孤独水平越低,但是双亲外出儿童的积极评价不能显著降低其抑郁水平。结论:农村留守儿童关于留守烦恼的认知评价对其孤独的预测力高于抑郁;认知评价对抑郁和孤独的预测力因留守类别的不同而有所差异。     

少数民族地区留守儿童心理弹性与孤独感的关系

了解少数民族地区留守儿童心理弹性与孤独感的关系,为留守儿童心理健康教育工作提供依据.方法 整群抽取云南大理白族自治州2个县4所乡镇中学1 345名学生进行问卷调查,其中留守儿童713名,内容主要包括青少年心理弹性量表和儿童孤独量表.结果 少数民族地区留守儿童在心理弹性的积极认知、家庭支持和心理弹性总分上低于非留守儿童,而孤独感得分高于非留守儿童,差异均具有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).少数民族地区留守儿童心理弹性各因子与孤独感均存在显著负相关(P值均<0.05).心理弹性的情绪控制、积极认知、家庭支持维度是留守儿童孤独感的重要影响因素.结论 促进少数民族地区留守儿童心理弹性的发展是提升心理健康水平的重要内容.     

大学生D型人格与孤独感的相关性

目的:了解大学生D型人格与孤独感的相关性,为关注其心理健康提供实证依据。方法:分层随机抽取397名大学生使用D型人格量表和UCLA孤独量表进行施测,以SPSS 17.0进行统计分析。结果:1大学生D型人格检出率为32.74%,其中男大学生D型人格检出率为16.62%,女大学生D型人格检出率为16.12%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。大三学生D型人格检出率最高为10.08%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=21.528,P0.001);2大学生D型人格的高孤独感比率明显高于非D型人格,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=53.425,P0.001);3相关分析显示,大学生D型人格的负性情感因子(NA)与孤独感呈正相关(r=0.449,P0.01),社交抑制因子(SI)与孤独感呈正相关(r=0.499,P0.01)。结论:D型人格的大学生更易表现出高孤独感倾向。     

The impact of loneliness and social isolation on the development of cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, observed at a higher incidence in women compared with men. Treatments aimed at improving pathology in AD remain ineffective to stop disease progression. This makes the detection of the early intervention strategies to reduce future disease risk extremely important. Isolation and loneliness have been identified among the major risk factors for AD. The increasing prevalence of both loneliness and AD emphasizes the urgent need to understand this association to inform treatment. Here we present a comprehensive review of both clinical and preclinical studies that investigated loneliness and social isolation as risk factors for AD. We discuss that understanding the mechanisms of how loneliness exacerbates cognitive impairment and AD with a focus on sex differences will shed the light for the underlying mechanisms regarding loneliness as a risk factor for AD and to develop effective prevention or treatment strategies.     

Investigation of physiological and psychological effects of robotic cat and betta fish therapies in hemodialysis patients: A randomized controlled study

AimsThis randomized controlled study was conducted to investigate the physiological and psychological effects of pet therapy in hemodialysis patients.BackgroundPet therapy has both physiological and psychological effects on individuals with chronic diseases. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have examined the physiological and psychological effects of pet treatment in hemodialysis patients worldwide.DesignA randomized controlled study.MethodsThe study was completed with 18 robotic cats, 18 Betta fish, and 18 control group patients. The data were collected at XXX State Hospital between May and September 2021 using data collection tools. Robotic pet treatment was applied to the robotic cat group for 20 min a week for two months during hemodialysis. The Betta fish group was allowed to keep Betta fish at home for two months, and they were followed for another two months. The data were evaluated in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences 23.0 package program. The study was registered on Clinical Trials (NCT05339711).ResultsDuring robotic cat therapy, patients' loneliness and dialysis symptoms decreased, and happiness and treatment adherence to the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) increased; In the post-test follow-up, in the first measurement, the treatment adherence to the ESRD decreased, the loneliness and dialysis symptoms increased, the happiness did not change; In the second measurement of the post-test, happiness, and treatment adherence to ESRD decreased, loneliness and dialysis symptoms increased. During Betta fish therapy, patients' body mass index, happiness, and treatment adherence to ESRD increased, loneliness and dialysis symptoms decreased; in the first measurement, and loneliness, dialysis symptoms, body mass index, and treatment adherence to the ESRD increased; In the second measurement, loneliness, dialysis symptoms increased, body mass index and happiness decreased.ConclusionsThe study revealed that Robotic cat and Betta fish therapies had positive physiological and psychological effects in hemodialysis patients, and these effects were different from each other.     

Parents as a resource: Communication quality affects the relationship between adolescents' internet use and loneliness

The authors examined the influence of parent–adolescent communication quality, as perceived by the adolescents, on the link between adolescents' Internet use and loneliness, controlling for perceived family support in general terms. Adolescents (N = 216, M_age = 15.80 years) provided data on Internet use, loneliness, Internet-related parent–adolescent communication, and perceived family support. Moderated regression analyses showed that Internet-related communication quality determined whether more extensive Internet use was associated with more loneliness. This moderation effect remained significant when perceived family support in general terms was controlled for. Gender and age of the participants did not influence the findings. Implications for successful Internet-related parenting strategies are discussed.