跳动下冠状动脉搭桥术的手术方针及成绩

目的 比较跳动下冠脉搭桥术（OPCAB）的术式选择对冠心病患者的影响,讨论移植血管的选择及围手术期管理方法 .方法 以我院心脏血管外科从2003年1月至2009年12月所实施的514例冠状动脉搭桥术（CABG）患者作为研究对象,其中体外循环下冠脉搭桥术（C-CABG）32例,OPCAB 482例.结果 术前合并脑血管障碍43例（8.4%）,合并透析16例（3.1%）,合并慢性闭塞性肺病（COPD）17例（3.3%）,既往有经皮冠状动脉成形术（PCI）35例（6.8%）,左主干（LMT）病变179例（34.8%）.平均远端吻合口数（3.6±1.4）个,移植血管全动脉化患者77例（14.9%）,使用左乳内动脉（LITA）患者421例（81.9%）.平均大隐静脉（SVG）使用支数为（1.6±0.5）支/例.术后主要合并症为脑血管病6例（1.1%）,纵隔感染4例（0.7%）,肾功能损害透析（CHDF）7例（1.3%）,房颤（Paf）46例（8.9%）.结论 对于高风险、高难度的CABG应用标准OPCAB术式,采用全动脉化及动、静脉移植血管相组合等低侵袭性手术方法 ,同时做好围手术期管理,可以提高CABG的远期手术成绩.     

Automated mixing studies and pattern recognition for the laboratory diagnosis of a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time using an automated coagulation analyzer

Introduction

The objective of this study was to explore whether an automated coagulation analyzer could be applied to normal plasma mixing studies for the assessment of blood samples showing a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT).

Materials and methods

Ten laboratory staff members performed normal plasma mixing studies and evaluated plasma samples using 3 different methods: (1) manual dilution and analysis, (2) manual dilution and automatic analysis with STA-R^®, and (3) automatic dilution and analysis with the Coapresta^® 2000 (CP2000). The time from the start of the analysis to the generation of the result plots and the plasma volumes required were determined. We analyzed patient plasma samples showing a prolonged APTT using the CP2000, and the result plots were categorized into 3 curve patterns based on the area ratio values: the inhibitor type (convex pattern), deficiency type (concave pattern), and suspicious inhibitor type (approximately straight pattern).

Results

When pooled patient plasma was used, the same patterns were obtained from normal plasma mixing studies using the 3 different methods. The time required to complete the mixing studies and the plasma volumes required were 28.2 ± 2.4 min and 350 μL for manual analysis, 23.2 ± 2.1 min and 875 μL for STA-R^®, and 8.5 ± 0.1 min and 175 μL for CP2000, respectively. Of 31 patient samples, 9 were categorized into the inhibitor type, 15 were categorized into the deficiency type, and 7 were categorized into the suspicious inhibitor type.

Conclusions

The CP2000 analyzer is applicable to the laboratory diagnosis of a prolonged APTT using pattern recognition, as it requires a shorter time to complete mixing studies and a smaller plasma volume in comparison with manual analysis.     

A systematic review and meta-analysis of in situ versus composite bilateral internal thoracic artery grafting

Objectives

This meta-analysis examines whether there is any advantage of coronary artery bypass graft with bilateral internal thoracic artery (BITA) as an in situ versus composite graft.