自身免疫性肝病患者血清IgG4水平分析

探讨不同自身免疫性肝病患者血清免疫球蛋白G4（immunoglobulin G4,IgG4）水平差异,并分析不同血清IgG4水平的自身免疫性肝病患者临床特点的差异。方法收集自身免疫性肝病患者65例,其中自身免疫性肝炎（AIH）11例、原发性胆汁性肝硬化（primary biliary cirrhosis,PBC）47例及AIH与PBC重叠综合征7例。采用免疫散射比浊法检测三组患者血清IgG4水平,并分析三组之间血清IgG4水平的差异。根据血清IgG4水平的不同进行分组,分析不同血清IgG4水平的自身免疫性肝病患者临床特点的差异。对组间正态分布的计量资料的比较应用独立样本t检验,对非正态分布者采用Mann-Whitney U检验。计数资料的比较采用Fisher’s确切概率法。结果 AIH患者血清 IgG4水平为642.2 mg/L （97.7 mg/L~1687.0 mg/L）,高于 PBC 患者[153.9 mg/L（78.9 mg/L~400.3 mg/L）,P=0.076]及重叠综合征患者[229.9 mg/L（154.9 mg/L~417.9 mg/L）,P=0.388],无统计学差异。其中3例AIH患者血清IgG4水平异常升高（≥1350 mg/L）,与血清IgG4水平较低的8例AIH患者比,IgG4水平和IgG4/IgG比值较高,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;3例血清IgG4水平≥1350 mg/L的AIH患者均合并2型糖尿病,其中1例合并类风湿性关节炎,而其他8例AIH患者未合并其他自身免疫性或代谢性疾病;血清IgG4水平较高（IgG4水平≥200 mg/L）的14例PBC患者与IgG4水平较低的33例PBC患者比,血清总胆红素水平较高[（45.09±74.85）μmol/L 对（26.38±23.03）μmol/L,P=0.05]。结论与PBC及PBC与AIH 重叠综合征患者比,AIH患者血清IgG4水平较高。血清IgG4水平较高的AIH患者可能较易合并其他自身免疫性或代谢性疾病。     

Ulcerative Colitis and Immunoglobulin G4

Background/Aims

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is sometimes associated with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). Infiltration of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-positive plasma cells is sometimes detected in the colonic mucosa of AIP or UC patients. This study aimed to clarify the relation between UC and IgG4.

Methods

Associations with UC were reviewed in 85 AIP patients. IgG4 immunostaining was performed on biopsy specimens from the colonic mucosa of 14 AIP and 32 UC patients.

Results

UC was confirmed in two cases (type 1 AIP, n=1; suspected type 2 AIP, n=1). Abundant infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells in the colonic mucosa was detected in the case of suspected type 2 AIP with UC and two cases of type 1 AIP without colitis. Abundant infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells was detected in 10 UC cases (IgG4-present, 31%). Although 72% of IgG4-absent UC patients showed mild disease activity, 70% of IgG4-present patients showed moderate to severe disease activity (p<0.05).

Conclusions

UC is sometimes associated with AIP, but it seems that UC is not a manifestation of IgG4-related disease. Infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells is sometimes detectable in the colonic mucosa of UC patients and is associated with disease activity.     

腰方肌阻滞对腹腔镜结肠癌根治术患者免疫球蛋白及补体3水平的影响

目的 探讨腰方肌阻滞对腹腔镜下结肠癌根治术患者免疫球蛋白（IgG、IgM、IgA）及补体3（C3）水平的影响,为临床工作提供参考。方法 选择本院2019年1～9月拟择期行腹腔镜下结肠癌根治术患者40 例,应用随机数字表法分为全麻复合腰方肌阻滞组（实验组）和全麻复合切口局部浸润组（对照组）,每组20 例。全麻诱导后实验组行超声引导下双侧腰方肌阻滞,每侧各注射0.375%罗哌卡因20 mL,对照组则切口部位行浸润阻滞,注射0.375%罗哌卡因40 mL。观察并记录两组患者的手术时间、失血量、术后每24 小时布托啡诺输注总量及术后48 h内眩晕、呕吐次数,记录术后首次肛门排气时间。于麻醉前30 min（T0）、术后1 d（T1）、术后3 d（T2）和术后7 d（T3）清晨测定血清中IgG、IgM、IgA,C3 水平。结果 与对照组相比,实验组术后24 h 布托啡诺输注总量以及术后48 h 内眩晕、呕吐次数均明显少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;与对照组相比,实验组IgG、IgM、C3在T1、T2 时明显高于对照组,实验组IgA 在T2 时明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;与T0 比较,T1和T2 实验组与对照组的IgG、IgM、IgA 和C3 均明显低于T0,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 全麻复合双侧腰方肌阻滞对腹腔镜结肠癌根治术患者机体的体液免疫抑制影响较小。     

卵巢癌患者的免疫功能探讨

目的分析卵巢癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群、免疫球蛋白的变化,监测卵巢癌患者的免疫功能水平。方法用流式细胞仪测定45例卵巢癌患者、35例卵巢良性肿瘤患者和30名健康对照组的外周血T淋巴细胞亚群,采用免疫比浊法测定3组样本血清Ig A、Ig G、Ig M含量。结果卵巢癌患者全血CD8+明显高于健康对照组(P<0.05),而血CD4+及CD4+/CD8+比值则显著低于健康对照组(P<0.05)。Ig G、Ig M水平均高于对照组(P<0.05),而Ig A水平两组无显著差异(P>0.05)。外周血T淋巴细胞亚群和免疫球蛋白的改变与卵巢癌病理分期有关,分期越晚,CD4+及CD4+/CD8+比值越低,CD8+、Ig G、Ig M水平越高,Ⅱ期与Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期之间有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论卵巢癌患者细胞免疫功能降低,体液免疫功能增强。外周血T细胞亚群和免疫球蛋白的检测对判断卵巢癌患者的病情、预后以及机体的免疫功能的判断有一定意义。     

The use of immunohistochemistry for IgG4 in the diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundThe diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) remains challenging, especially when serum IgG4 is normal or imaging features are indeterminate. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the performance of IgG4 immunostaining of pancreatic, biliary, and ampullary tissues as a diagnostic aid for AIP.MethodsA comprehensive literature search of the PubMed, EMBASE, and Ovid MEDLINE databases was conducted until February 2020. The methodological quality of each study was assessed according to the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies checklist. A random-effects model was used to summarize the diagnostic odds ratio and other measures of accuracy.ResultsThe meta-analysis included 20 studies comprising 346 patients with AIP and 590 patients with other pancreatobiliary diseases, including 371 pancreatobiliary malignancies. The summary estimates for tissue IgG4 in discriminating AIP and controls were as follows: diagnostic odds ratio 38.86 (95% confidence interval (CI), 18.70–80.75); sensitivity 0.64 (95% CI, 0.59–0.69); specificity 0.93 (95% CI, 0.91–0.95). The area under the curve was 0.939 for tissue IgG4 in discriminating AIP and controls. Subgroup analysis revealed no significant difference in diagnostic accuracy according to control groups (pancreatobiliary cancer versus other chronic pancreatitis) and sampling site (pancreas versus bile duct/ampulla).ConclusionsCurrent data demonstrate that IgG4 immunostaining of pancreatic, biliary, and ampullary tissue has a high specificity but moderate sensitivity for diagnosing AIP. IgG4 immunostaining may be useful in supporting a diagnosis of AIP when AIP is clinically suspected, but a combination of imaging and serology does not provide a conclusive diagnosis.     

不同工艺制备的静注人免疫球蛋白产品质量对比研究

目的 对比用低温乙醇蛋白分离工艺制备的静注人免疫球蛋白（pH4）和两步阴离子交换层析制备的静注人免疫球蛋白（10%）产品质量指标,分析制备工艺对产品质量的影响。方法 对2种工艺的产品进行IgA含量、分子大小分布、抗-HBs效价、蛋白空间结构、Fc片段活性、抗体谱和IgG亚型分布等指标的检测和对比分析。结果 两步阴离子交换层析制备的静注人免疫球蛋白的IgA含量（5.30 μg/ml）明显低于低温乙醇分离制备的（281.95 μg/ml）,而分子大小分布、抗-HBs效价、蛋白空间结构、Fc片段活性、抗体谱、亚型分布指标没有明显差别。结论 两步阴离子交换层析制备的静注人免疫球蛋白（10%）具有更高的安全性。     

Breastfeeding: An overview of oral and general health benefits

Background

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Breastfeeding is the reference against which alternative infant feeding models must be measured with regard to growth, development and other health outcomes. Although not a systematic review, this report provides an update for dental professionals, including an overview of general and oral health–related benefits associated with breastfeeding.Types of Studies ReviewedThe authors examined the literature regarding general health protections that breastfeeding confers to infants and mothers and explored associations between breastfeeding, occlusion in the primary dentition and early childhood caries. To accomplish these goals, they reviewed systematic reviews when available and supplemented them with comparative studies and with statements and reports from major nongovernmental and governmental organizations.ResultsWhen compared with health outcomes among formula-fed children, the health advantages associated with breastfeeding include a lower risk of acute otitis media, gastroenteritis and diarrhea, severe lower respiratory infections, asthma, sudden infant death syndrome, obesity and other childhood diseases and conditions. Evidence also suggests that breastfed children may develop a more favorable occlusion in the primary dentition. The results of a systematic review in which researchers examined the relationship between breastfeeding and early childhood caries were inconclusive.Conclusions and Clinical ImplicationsThe American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, Chicago, suggests that parents gently clean infants' gums and teeth after breastfeeding. The American Academy of Pediatrics, Elk Grove Village, Ill., recommends that breastfeeding should be exclusive for about the first six months of life and should continue, with the introduction of appropriate complementary foods, to at least age 12 months or beyond, as desired by mother and child. Dentists and staff members can take steps to ensure they are familiar with the evidence and guidelines pertaining to breastfeeding and to oral health. They are encouraged to follow the surgeon general's recommendations to promote and support optimal breastfeeding and oral health practices among their patients.     

IgG4相关硬化性腮腺炎1例报告及文献复习

通过对1例IgG4相关硬化性腮腺炎疾病的诊治的介绍和相关文献的回顾复习,增加国内口腔科医师对该类疾病的认识,以减少临床误诊误治.     

支原体肺炎患儿血清体液免疫检测的临床研究

目的探讨支原体肺炎(MP)患儿体液免疫IgG、IgM、IgA在其发病机制中的作用。方法分析我院收治的36例支原体肺炎患儿作为病例组,同期42例健康患儿作为对照组。检测两组小儿血清免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM、IgA含量,并进行比较。结果支原体肺炎患儿血清IgG、IgM显著高于对照组,P<0.0001,P<0.0001;血清IgA水平两组比较差别无统计学意义,P=0.74。结论支原体肺炎病儿体液免疫IgG、IgM应答增强,在其发病机制中起重要作用。     

Detecting viruses by using salivary diagnostics

BackgroundDiagnostics that involve the use of oral fluids have become increasingly available commercially in recent years and are of particular interest because of their relative ease of use, low cost and noninvasive collection of oral fluid for testing.Types of Studies ReviewedThe authors discuss the use of salivary diagnostics for virus detection with an emphasis on rapid detection of infection by using point-of-care devices. In particular, they review salivary diagnostics for human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus and human papillomavirus. Oral mucosal transudate contains secretory immunoglobulin (Ig) A, as well as IgM and IgG, which makes it a good source for immunodiagnostic-based devices.Clinical ImplicationsBecause patients often visit a dentist more regularly than they do a physician, there is increased discussion in the dental community regarding the need for practitioners to be aware of salivary diagnostics and to be willing and able to administer these tests to their patients.