正常角膜上皮细胞单纯疱疹I型病毒潜伏的研究

目的 检测近视眼患者角膜上皮细胞单纯疱疹Ⅰ型病毒(HSV-Ⅰ)，探讨其在正常角膜潜伏的可能性。方法取行准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术(PRK)的近视眼角膜上皮细胞138份(138眼)，每份均匀分为三部分，两份分别行HSV-Ⅰ的原位聚合酶链反应(ISPCR)检测和间接免疫荧光法(IFA)检测，阳性者取其相对应的第3份角膜上皮进行病毒分离培养和电镜观察。结果 138份近视眼角膜上皮中，ISPCR阳性者8眼(5．8％)，IFA阳性者4眼(2．9％)，两种检测均阳性者3眼(2．2％)，取此9眼的第3份角膜上皮进行病毒分离培养，电镜扫描未发现病毒颗粒。结论正常角膜上皮细胞内存有HSV．I功能基因，提示可能有HSV—I的潜伏。     

云南健康人群巴尔通体感染的血清学评估

目的了解巴尔通体(Bartonella)在云南健康人群中的感染情况。方法以间接免疫荧光抗体测定法(IFA)对30份有可疑鼠类接触史的云南健康人血消行以抗Bartonella Elizabethae等9种不同巴尔通体抗原的IgG和IgM抗体水平测定。结果有5份血清对4种抗原发生反应，其中1份抗B．elizabethae IgG阳性(1：128)；其他为抗Neotoma IgG(1：128)或IgM及抗A1 IgM(≥1：32)阳性。结论巴尔通体感染存在于人群中，考虑目前临床众多不明原因发热患者及一些临床疑难杂症与B．elizabethae及其他鼠传巴尔通体的感染有关，有必要在云南乃至全国范围内进行巴尔通体人群感染状况的进一步调查，对病人的治疗提出行之有效的科学的方法。     

卡氏肺孢子虫感染的免疫诊断研究

目的：探讨肺泡灌洗液、血清抗原及血清抗体检测诊断卡氏肺孢子虫感染的价值。方法：利用免疫抑制大鼠模型及双夹心ELISA法检测不同时期感染大鼠肺泡灌洗液和血清中肺孢子虫抗原，用IFA法检测血清中的肺孢子虫IgG抗体，并与病原学检查结果进行比较。结果：感染大鼠肺泡灌洗液的抗原检测于免疫抑制6－8wk后均呈阳性，而对照组大鼠均呈阴性；大多数感染大鼠血清抗原检测为阴性；正常大鼠血清中有低滴度肺孢子虫IgG抗体，感染大鼠抗体滴度轻度升高或不升高，但中止免疫抑制后血清抗体滴度明显升高，而肺泡灌洗液中抗原逐渐阴转。结论：肺泡灌洗液抗原检测可用于肺孢子虫感染的诊断，但血清中很难检出这种抗原；血清IgG抗体的上升并不表示为现症感染.     

The immune response of a recombinant fowlpox virus coexpressing the HA gene of the H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus and chicken interleukin 6 gene in ducks

Ducks have played an important role in the emergence of H5N1 subtype of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), and the development of an effective vaccine against HPAI in ducks is a top priority. It has been shown that a recombinant fowlpox virus (FPV)-vectored vaccine can provide protection against HPAI in ducks. In this study, a recombinant fowlpox virus (rFPV-AIH5AIL6) coexpressing the haemagglutinin (HA) gene of the H5N1 subtype of the avian influenza virus (AIV) and chicken interleukin 6 gene was constructed and tested in Gaoyou and cherry valley ducks to evaluate the immune response in ducks. These animal studies demonstrated that rFPV-AIH5AIL6 induced a higher anti-AIV HI antibody response, an enhanced lymphocyte proliferation response, an elevated immune protection, and a reduction in virus shedding compared to a recombinant fowlpox virus expressing the HA gene alone (rFPV-SYHA). These data indicate that rFPV-AIH5AIL6 may be a potential vaccine against the H5 subtype of avian influenza in ducks and chicken interleukin 6 may be an effective adjuvant for increasing the immunogenicity of FPV-vectored AIV vaccines in ducks.     

Clinical performance of different SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody tests

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) serological assays are urgently needed for rapid diagnosis, contact tracing, and for epidemiological studies. So far, there is limited data on how commercially available tests perform with real patient samples, and if positive tested samples show neutralizing abilities. Focusing on IgG antibodies, we demonstrate the performance of two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assays (Euroimmun SARS-CoV-2 IgG and Vircell COVID-19 ELISA IgG) in comparison to one lateral flow assay (FaStep COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test Device) and two in-house developed assays (immunofluorescence assay [IFA] and plaque reduction neutralization test [PRNT]). We tested follow up serum/plasma samples of individuals polymerase chain reaction-diagnosed with COVID-19. Most of the SARS-CoV-2 samples were from individuals with moderate to the severe clinical course, who required an in-patient hospital stay. For all examined assays, the sensitivity ranged from 58.8 to 76.5% for the early phase of infection (days 5-9) and from 93.8% to 100% for the later period (days 10-18).     

三种方法检查食蟹猴血清STLV-1抗体的研究

本文用乳胶凝集试验（ＰＡ）、免疫荧光试验（ＩＦＡ）和蛋白印迹试验（ＷＢ）对１０３份食蟹猴血清作了ＳＴＬＶ－１抗体检查。结果表明，１３份ＷＢ检查为ＳＴＬＶ－１抗体阳性的血清，ＰＡ和ＩＦＡ检查均为阳性，而９０份ＷＢ检查为ＳＴＬＶ－１抗体阴性的血清，ＰＡ检查有３份为阳性，ＩＦＡ检查有１份为阳性结果。     

肾综合征出血热患者病后和人群疫苗接种后远期免疫学效果研究

目的 了解肾综合征出血热(HFRS)疫苗接种人群和HFRS患者病后的远期(5年以上)免疫学效果。方法 采用间接免疫荧光试验(IFAT)检测血清HFRS特异性IgG抗体，1：20为阳性。对接种组人群抗体滴度＜1：320者，强化免疫1针，15d后静脉采血，同样方法检测IgG抗体。结果接种组人群95例，抗体阳性率100％，GMT40．29；强化免疫人群59例，GMT71．13；疫苗接种组人群在强化免疫前后GMT有显著性差异(P＜0．01)。HFRS患者55例，抗体阳性率100％，GMT97．87；疫苗接种与否对患者病后的血清特异性IgG抗体水平无显著影响。近9年免疫人群的年发病率为16．38／10万，对照人群为73．92／10万，年均保护率77．84％。结论 HFRS疫苗的远期免疫学和流行病学效果较好；HFRS患者病后具有较持久的免疫力。     

国产人用狂犬病疫苗免疫后的血清学效果

为了解国产地鼠肾人用狂犬病疫苗免疫后的血清学效果，用间接免疫荧光法检测抗体，观察了疫苗免疫后的抗体阳转率。共检测１８８人，免前抗体均阴性，狂犬病疫苗５针免疫后，１５６人阳转，阳转率为８２．９８％。免后１４－１８天、４～６周和２～４个月的阳转率依次为７４．１９％，８６．５１％和７７．４２％，５针全程免疫失效者，再增加２针，５人中有４人抗体阳转，说明增加针次能提高免疫效果。     

蜱传脑炎疑似患者中抗莱姆病螺旋体抗体的调查

作者应用间接免疫荧光抗体法，对黑龙江省林区１２０６例蜱传脑炎疑似患者分别作了抗蜱传脑炎病毒抗体和抗莱姆病螺旋体抗体检查。阳性数前者为２０１例（１６．６７％），后者为１０２例（８．４６％），两者均阳性的２８例。表明临床疑似蜱传脑炎患者中有相当数量为莱姆病，并从血清学上证实蜱传脑炎与莱姆病间存在同时或相继的双重感染。     

Q fever endocarditis in India: A report of two cases

Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii. Infective endocarditis is the most common form of chronic Q fever. Diagnosis of Q fever is difficult, as there are no pathognomonic symptoms. Methods of isolation of the organism in culture are tedious, hence serological and molecular techniques remain the mainstay of diagnosis. We report two cases of Q fever endocarditis diagnosed by IFA and real-time PCR.