造血系统恶性肿瘤患者血清sIL—2R检测的临床意义

使用ＥＬＩＳＡ双抗夹心法对临床４３例造血系统恶性肿瘤患者及２０例健康体检人员的血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ进行检测，并对ＡＬＬ和ＡＮＬＬ复发与未复发患者的血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平进行了比较分析。实验结果表明，血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平的升高是造血系统恶性肿瘤的重要标志之一；测定血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平对造血系统恶性肿瘤的辅助诊断、疗效观察及预后估计具有重要意义。     

肝病患者肝组织中丙型肝炎病毒感染的初步研究

采用直接酶标记法对174例慢性肝炎、重症肝炎和肝癌组织中的HCV抗原进行了检测,HCV 抗原的检出率分别为10.71％、8.10％和2.68％。表明在我国慢性和重症肝病中存在HCV的感染。通过对HCV与HBV 感染关系的研究,发现肝内HBV 标志阳性和阴性者HCV抗原的检出率无明显差异,说明HCV感染与HBV感染之间似无明显关系。     

Increased in vitro uptake of the complement C3b in the serum of patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome, myasthenia gravis and dermatomyositis

To examine the role of complement in certain autoimmune neuromuscular diseases, we used an in-vitro quantitative complement uptake assay that allows measurement of the capacity of patients' sera to deposit fragments of the third complement component onto sensitized targets. C3 uptake was significantly higher in patients with active dermatomyositis, Guillain-Barré syndrome and myasthenia gravis, compared to inclusion body myositis and controls. The in-vitro C3 uptake assay supports the role of C3b neoantigen and Membranolytic Attack Complex deposition in the target tissues and may be a useful tool to monitor disease activity in patients with complement-mediated neurological disorders.     

血清MUC1粘蛋白IRMA及其初步临床应用

建立有效的ＭＵＣ１粘蛋白免疫放射分析法（ＩＲＭＡ），并初步用于乳腺肿瘤的诊断。利用纯化的ＭＵＣ１及其多抗，建立ＭＵＣ１双抗夹心ＩＲＭＡ法，对５５例健康女性、１１例乳腺良性肿瘤、２７例乳腺癌及２８例乳腺癌术后患者进行血清ＭＵＣ１的测定。结果：血清ＭＵＣ１ＩＲＭＡ的灵敏度为０７４ｋＵ／Ｌ；健康女性、乳腺良性肿瘤、乳腺癌及乳腺癌术后患者血清ＭＵＣ１的平均含量分别为７２３±３６７、１７８０±１０５６、３００４±２３８４和３１８４±２４７９ｋＵ／Ｌ；正常值上限为１３５４ｋＵ／Ｌ，假阳性率为１８２％；乳腺肿瘤患者血清ＭＵＣ１水平较健康女性明显提高；乳腺癌患者血清ＭＵＣ１水平高于乳腺良性肿瘤患者，但两者的阳性率（７７８７％和７２７０％）差异无显著性（χ２＝０１５４，Ｐ＞００５）；乳腺癌与乳腺癌术后患者血清ＭＵＣ１水平差异无显著性（ｔ＝－０２２，Ｐ＞００５）。ＭＵＣ１血清水平与肿瘤恶性程度成正相关，对于乳腺癌的诊断具有重要参考价值。     

Mutagenicity of benzo(a)pyrenyl-1-sulfate in the Ames test.

Comparison of the mutagenicity of nine isomeric benzo(a)pyrenyl [B(a)P] phenols conjugated with either sulfate or glucuronide was carried out using strain Salmonella typhimurium TA98. Of the nine conjugates tested, only B(a)P-1-sulfate was mutagenic. Accordingly, the mutagenicity of B(a)P-1-sulfate was compared with that of B(a)P and 1-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P-1-OH] in the presence and absence of rat lung S9 and Aroclor-induced liver S9 with and without an NADPH-generating system. B(a)P-1-sulfate was slightly mutagenic, whereas B(a)P and the 1-hydroxy derivative were nonmutagenic when S9 fractions and NADPH were omitted. Addition of induced liver S9 with NADPH caused mutagenicity with B(a) -1-OH greater than B(a)P greater than B(a)P-1-sulfate. B(a)P-1-sulfate was the only mutagenic species when lung S9 was added. This mutagenicity did not require NADPH. Sodium sulfite, an inhibitor of arylsulfatase, decreased the mutagenicity of B(a)P-1-sulfate. These data suggest that a unique mutagenic species is generated from B(a)P-1-sulfate via arylsulfatase in rat lung.     

N-乙酰半胱氨酸对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者血淋巴细胞DNA损伤的影响

目的　探讨N -乙酰半胱氨酸 (NAC)治疗不同病期慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD)的疗效。方法　 49例稳定期、急性发作期COPD患者 ,随机分为观察组 (2 5例 )和对照组 (2 4例 ) ,观察组除给予常规治疗外 ,加用NAC(每次 2 0 0mg ,3/d ,连用 2个月 ) ;对照组仅给予常规治疗。治疗前后观察所有患者外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤程度。结果　治疗前后比较 ,观察组稳定期、急性发作期DNA损伤明显降低 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5)。对照组稳定期DNA损伤程度亦有一定程度的改善 ,但差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5) ,急性发作期DNA损伤程度降低 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5)。结论　COPD患者体内存在氧化 -抗氧化失衡 ,抗氧化治疗可降低COPD患者外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤程度 ,急性发作期出现氧化应激。     

抗菌处理对猪肺动脉瓣膜细胞活性及组织结构的影响

目的 探讨抗菌处理对肺动脉瓣膜细胞活性和组织结构的影响因素及优化同种瓣膜的制备方法。方法 3组猪肺动脉瓣叶(n=6)浸泡在含抗生素的DMEM液中，在不同温度下孵育6h或24h。然后通过XTT比色法测定瓣膜细胞活性，用免疫组织化学荧光染色检测瓣膜细胞和细胞外基质，并行光镜观察。结果 抗菌时间为24h，37℃抗菌组与4℃抗菌组的瓣膜细胞活性与瓣膜组织结构无明显区别。抗菌6h组的瓣膜细胞活性与瓣膜组织结构明显优于抗菌24h组。结论 抗菌时间为24h时，抗菌温度对瓣膜细胞活性及结构完整性无明显影响。抗菌时间缩短至6h，有利于瓣膜细胞活性与结构完整性的保持。     

大鼠全脑照射后早期血清S-100B变化特征

目的 观察大鼠全脑不同剂量照射后1月内不同时间点血清中S-100B的变化,以探讨S-100OB在早期放射性脑损伤中的变化特征.方法 对大鼠予4 MeV电子线分别单次全脑照射2、10和30 Gv制备大鼠早期放射性脑损伤模型.采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测照射后1 h、6 h、12 h、24 h、3 d、1周、1个月血清中S-100B的浓度.结果 大鼠血清S-100B浓度在照射后6 h升高最明显,照射后12 h浓度下降,照后24 h再升高(除外2 Gy组为在照射后3 dR升高),随后下降直到最后观察时间点.结论 大鼠全脑照射后血清S-100B水平发生了变化,不同剂量组血清S-100B浓度有显著性差异,剂最越高,浓度越高.结果 提示S-100B可能会成为检测早期放射性脑损伤的重要血清指标.     

Absolute and relative activities of platinum-complexes on human tumors as evaluated by an antimetabolic in vitro assay

An in vitro assay, which evaluates drug effect on ³H-thymidine incorporation, was used to investigate the absolute and relative activities of cisplatin (DDP), carboplatin (CBDCA) and iproplatin (CHIP) on 317 specimens from untreated tumors, including breast and ovarian cancers and malignant melanomas. Similar activities were generally observed for DDP and CHIP, whereas CBDCA exhibited a lower, although not significantly different cytotoxicity on breast and ovarian cancers. The relative activities of Platinum analogues were analyzed on 239 two-way drug sensitivity comparisons. The overall agreement rates ranged from 80.2 to 83.9% for the different comparisons. High coresistance, from 61.1 to 93.8%, was observed for all the comparisons, regardless of the tumor type. Cosensitivity rates were poor for breast and ovarian cancers, from 0 to 37.5%, whereas for melanomas an association in sensitivity was observed in 80% of the cases.